伤寒病烦渴者。此谓经发汗吐下以后。腑脏空虚。津液竭绝。肾家有余热。故使其烦渴
也。
治伤寒大汗后。烦渴。热不解。脉大者。宜服人参散方。
人参（一两去芦头） 知母（一两） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉） 石膏（二两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大（中）盏。（入生姜半分）煎至五分。去滓。
不
计时候温服。
治伤寒。脉浮发热。渴欲饮水。小便不利。宜服猪苓散方。
猪苓（去黑皮） 赤茯苓 秦艽（去芦头） 滑石 泽泻（以上各一两） 甘草（半两
炙微赤
锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治伤寒身体大热。小便黄赤。烦渴不止。心中闷绝。言语错乱。睡多惊恐。宜服
犀角散
犀角屑（一两） 人参（三分去芦头） 赤茯苓（半两） 茵陈（半两） 细辛（半两）
陈橘皮
（半两汤浸去白瓤） 麻黄（半两去根节） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时
候温服。
治伤寒吐下后。内外有热。烦渴不止。宜服黄芩散方。
黄芩 人参（去芦头） 甘草（炙微赤锉） 麦门冬 柴胡（去苗） 葛根（锉）（以
上各一两）
桂心（半两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。枣三枚。煎至五分。去滓
。不计时候温服。
治伤寒。大肠秘涩。烦渴不止。宜服栝蒌根散方。
栝蒌根（一两） 黄芩（一两） 人参（半两去芦头） 桂心（半两） 川大黄（一两
锉碎微炒）
栀子仁（半两） 川芒硝（一两） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。如人
行十里再服。以利为度。
治伤寒下后。烦渴。宜服此方。
麦门冬（一两去心） 五味子（一两） 人参（一两去芦头） 甘草（一两炙微赤锉） 石
膏（
一两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治伤寒烦渴不止。宜服土瓜根散方。
土瓜根（一两） 麦门冬（一两去心） 甘草（半两炙微赤锉） 枇杷叶（半两拭去毛
炙微黄）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服四钱。以水一中盏。煎至六分。不计时候。去滓温服。
治伤寒烦渴不止。宜服黄 散方。
黄 （锉） 麦门冬（去心） 黄芩 葛根（锉） 枇杷叶（拭去毛炙微黄） 栀子仁 人
参（
去芦头） 赤茯苓 柴胡（去苗） 赤芍药 甘草（炙微赤锉以上各半两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时
候温服。
治伤寒。头项汗出。身体无汗。小便不利。渴欲饮水者。是瘀热在里。身欲发黄
。宜服
茵陈 栀子仁 川大黄（锉碎微炒） 滑石 木通（锉）（以上各一两） 甘草（半两
炙微赤
锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。如人
行十里再服。以小便快利为度。
治伤寒。已大汗。后下利。其人频渴不解。其脉洪大。宜服石膏汤方。
石膏（二两） 知母 地骨皮 甘草（炙微赤锉） 人参（去芦头）（以上各一两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。入粳米一百粒。煎至五分。去滓。不计
时候温服。
治伤寒壮热。烦渴头痛。宜服麻黄散方。
麻黄（去根节） 葛根（锉） 知母 柴胡（去苗） 栀子仁 陈橘皮（汤浸去白瓤焙）
甘草
（炙微赤锉）（以上各半两） 石膏〔一（二）两〕
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时
候温服。
治伤寒下后。上气。烦渴不止。宜服麦门冬散方。
麦门冬（去心） 五味子 人参（去芦头） 葛根（锉） 甘草（炙微赤锉） 石膏 芎
桑
根白皮（锉）（以上各一两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治伤寒呕吐。烦渴欲饮水。宜服半夏散方。
半夏（三分汤洗七遍去滑） 芦根（一两锉） 赤茯苓（三分） 泽泻（三分） 桂心
（半两）
甘草（一分炙微赤锉） 麦门冬（三分去心）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。入生姜半分。煎至五分。去滓。不计时
候温服。
治伤寒头痛。骨节烦疼。或已吐下。余热不尽。口干烦渴。宜服此方。
麻黄（一两去根节） 知母（一两半） 葛根（一两半锉） 石膏〔三（二）两半〕 甘
草（一
两炙微赤锉）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服五钱。以水一大盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温服。
治伤寒吐利后。烦渴不止。宜服竹茹饮子方。
青竹茹（一鸡子大） 人参（半两去芦头） 乌梅肉（二两）
上件药。细锉。以水一中（大）盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候温频服。
治伤寒后。热结在胸膈。烦渴。宜服青葙子丸方。
青葙子（一两） 黄芩 龙胆（去芦头） 栀子仁 苦参（锉） 黄柏（锉） 栝蒌根
（以上各
一两）
上件药。捣罗为末。炼蜜和丸。如梧桐子大。每服。不计时候。以温水下三十丸。
治伤寒。心神热躁。口干烦渴。宜服此方。
秦艽（一两去苗）
上件药。细锉。以牛乳一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。不计时候。分温二（三）服。
又方。
栝蒌根（二两）
上件药。捣粗罗为散。每服三钱。以水一中盏。入新竹叶二七片。煎至五分。去滓。不
计时候温服。
For the condition of *Shanghan* (Cold Damage) presenting with irritability and thirst, this is referred to as occurring after sweating, vomiting, or purging therapies have been applied. The internal organs are empty, body fluids are exhausted, and there is residual heat in the Kidney system, thus causing irritability and thirst.
For *Shanghan* following excessive sweating, presenting with irritability and thirst, unrelieved heat, and a large pulse, Ren Shen San (Ginseng Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, remove radicle), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water (add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger]), reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with a floating pulse, fever, desire to drink water, and difficult urination, Zhu Ling San (Polyporus Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Zhu Ling (Polyporus, remove black skin), Chi Fu Ling (Red Polyporus), Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, remove radicle), Hua Shi (Talcum), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) (each 1 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with high body heat, yellow-red urine, incessant irritability and thirst, stifling sensation in the heart, confused speech, somnolence with fright, Xi Jiao San (Rhinoceros Horn Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Xi Jiao Xie (Rhinoceros Horn Fragments, 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3 fen, remove radicle), Chi Fu Ling (Red Polyporus, 0.5 liang), Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 0.5 liang), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang), Chen Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, 0.5 liang, soaked in hot water, remove white pith), Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 0.5 liang, remove root and joints), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger], reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* after vomiting and purging, presenting with internal and external heat, and incessant irritability and thirst, Huang Qin San (Scutellaria Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove radicle), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, remove seedlings), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced) (each 1 liang), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 0.5 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger] and 3 dates, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with constipation of the Large Intestine and incessant irritability and thirst, Gua Lou Gen San (Trichosanthis Radix Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 1 liang), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, remove radicle), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 0.5 liang), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus, 0.5 liang), Chuan Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time. If the patient walks ten *li*, take another dose; stop when bowel movement becomes smooth.
For *Shanghan* after purging, presenting with irritability and thirst, this formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 1 liang, remove heart), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 1 liang), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, remove radicle), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* with incessant irritability and thirst, Tu Gua Gen San (Melothriae Radix Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Tu Gua Gen (Melothriae Radix, 1 liang), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 1 liang, remove heart), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Pi Pa Ye (Loquat Leaf, 0.5 liang, wipe off hairs and fry until slightly yellow).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, reduce to 0.6 portion. Filter dregs and take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* with incessant irritability and thirst, Huang Qi San (Astragalus Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Huang Qi (Astragali Radix, sliced), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, remove heart), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced), Pi Pa Ye (Loquat Leaf, wipe off hairs and fry until slightly yellow), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove radicle), Chi Fu Ling (Red Polyporus), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, remove seedlings), Chi Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced) (each 0.5 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger], reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with sweating on the head and neck but no sweating on the body, difficult urination, and desire to drink water, this indicates stagnant heat inside the body, leading to jaundice. Yin Chen San (Artemisiae Scopariae Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Yin Chen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Chuan Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, sliced and lightly stir-fried), Hua Shi (Talcum), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis, sliced) (each 1 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time. If the patient walks ten *li*, take another dose; stop when urination becomes smooth and profuse.
For *Shanghan* after excessive sweating followed by diarrhea, where the patient is frequently thirsty without relief and the pulse is flooding (Hong Da), Shi Gao Tang (Gypsum Decoction) is indicated.
Ingredients: Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove radicle) (each 1 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, add 100 grains of Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa Germ), reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with high fever, irritability, thirst, and headache, Ma Huang San (Ephedra Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, remove root and joints), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, remove seedlings), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Chen Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in hot water, remove white pith and baked), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced) (each 0.5 liang), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 or 2 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger], reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* after purging, presenting with rebellious qi, and incessant irritability and thirst, Mai Men Dong San (Ophiopogonis Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, remove heart), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, remove radicle), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, sliced), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Xiong Sang Gen Bai Pi (Mori Radicis Cortex, sliced) (each 1 liang).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with vomiting, irritability, and desire to drink water, Ban Xia San (Pinellia Powder) is indicated.
Ingredients: Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber, 3 fen, washed seven times in hot water to remove acridity), Lu Gen (Phragmitis Rhizoma, 1 liang, sliced), Chi Fu Ling (Red Polyporus, 3 fen), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 3 fen), Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex, 0.5 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 fen, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, 3 fen, remove heart).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, add 0.5 fen of Sheng Jiang [Fresh Ginger], reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* presenting with headache, painful bones and joints, or after vomiting/purging with lingering residual heat, dry mouth, and irritability/thirst, this formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, remove root and joints), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 1.5 liang), Ge Gen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1.5 liang, sliced), Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2.5 or 3.5 liang), Gan Cao (Licorice Root, 1 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and sliced).
Crush the above ingredients into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Boil with one large cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
For *Shanghan* after vomiting and diarrhea, presenting with incessant irritability and thirst, Zhu Ru Yin Zi (Bamboo Shavings Drink) is indicated.
Ingredients: Qing Zhu Ru (Green Bamboo Shavings, size of a chicken egg), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, remove radicle), Wu Mei Rou (Mume Fructus Flesh, 2 liang).
Finely chop the ingredients. Boil with one medium (or large) cup of water, reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm frequently at any time.
For post-*Shanghan* heat binding in the chest and diaphragm, presenting with irritability and thirst, Qing Xiang Zi Wan (Celosiae Pill) is indicated.
Ingredients: Qing Xiang Zi (Celosiae Semen, 1 liang), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Long Dan (Gentianae Radix, remove radicle), Zhi Zi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus), Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, sliced), Huang Bo (Phellodendri Cortex, sliced), Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix) (each 1 liang).
Grind the ingredients into fine powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of wax tree seeds. Take 30 pills at any time with warm water.
For *Shanghan* presenting with mental heat and restlessness, dry mouth, and irritability/thirst, this formula is indicated.
Ingredients: Qin Jiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, 1 liang, remove seedlings).
Finely chop the ingredient. Boil with one large cup of cow's milk, reduce to 0.6 portion, filter dregs. Divide into two or three doses and take warm at any time.
Another prescription.
Ingredients: Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 2 liang).
Crush the ingredient into a coarse powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Boil with one medium cup of water, add 14 fresh Zhu Ye (Bamboo Leaf), reduce to 0.5 portion, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.