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Xia Ziyi recorded in *Qi Ji Fang* (Strange Disease Prescriptions): A person frequently sees various birds and insects flying before their eyes, but when they reach out to catch them, there is nothing. This is caused by phlegm-dampness in the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. Use Suanzaoren (Ziziphus Seed), Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Xuanmingfen (Refined Mirabilite), and Qingxiangzi Hua (Flower of Celosia Seed) each one liang, ground into powder. Take two qian each time, with one large cup of water, decocted to seven-tenths volume, drinking it together with the dregs, three times a day.

It is also recorded: A woman saw lotus flowers all over the walls; this was a phlegm syndrome, cured by taking Mengshi Guntan Wan (Lodestone Rolling Phlegm Pill).

It is also recorded: A person's eyeballs suddenly protruded to the tip of the nose, appearing black like lacquer, with unbearable pain, accompanied by occasional bloody stools with pain. This disease is named Gan Zhang (Liver Distension). Decoct Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) in water, take several doses, and it will heal spontaneously.

[Shen Yuan's Note] This syndrome occurs because wind-heat pathogenic factors lodge in the Jueyin Liver meridian. Since the Liver stores blood and opens into the eyes, internal attack by wind-heat causes the eyeballs to protrude to the nose and leads to lower bleeding. Without heat, the eye tendons would not relax and droop; without wind, hematochezia would not occur. This is due to the struggle between wind and heat, resulting in such symptoms. Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) is a herb for the Foot-Taiyang Bladder, Foot-Shaoyin Kidney, and Foot-Jueyin Liver meridians. Its nature dispels wind and scatters heat. Used to enter the Liver meridian, it lifts pathogens outward, leading to recovery.

*Qi Bing Fang* (Strange Disease Prescriptions) records: Some people see ghosts for no reason, appearing as three-headed six-armed beings, golden-armored deities, or headless dead ghosts with severed hands. These are all strange diseases. The prescription uses Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Cangzhu (Atractylodes Lancea Rhizome) each three liang, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) one qian, Nanxing (Arisaema Rhizome) three qian, Banxia (Pinellia Tuber), Daji (Euphorbia Lathyris Root), and Shancigu (Fritillaria Cirrhosa Bulb) each one liang, all ground into powder. Grind Shexiang (Musk) one qian separately, add it to the previous herbs, and prepare like Yushu Dan (Jade Pivot Pill). Whenever encountering the aforementioned diseases, use one cake of the medicine, dissolve it in Ginger Decoction (Jiang Tang), and drink it. It must expel a bowlful of stubborn phlegm to cure.

It is also recorded: Someone had two strips of flesh growing inside the eye, one cun long, as thick as an incense stick, protruding outside the eye. This is caused by malevolent spirits. Although it involves Liver-Gallbladder fire, without the influence of spirits, such abnormal flesh would not grow. The treatment method should be to apply medication topically. Use Bingpian (Borneol), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root) each one fen, Pengsha (Borax) five li, all ground into fine powder. Mix with a small amount of human milk, and apply to the tip of the flesh. When the eyeball feels like it is swelling out with fire, retract it immediately, and it will heal. Subsequently, take Shuyu Jingyan Dan (Soothe Depression and Brighten Eyes Pill) to soothe Liver-Gallbladder qi, while clearing fire and resolving phlegm. Having addressed the root cause, why worry about the recurrence of abnormal flesh?

*Yan Zheng Lun* (Discussion on Eye Symptoms) records: A person's white sclera suddenly turned blue-green. This is due to constrained pathogens steaming and forcing essence fluid out into the pupil, entering the Qi Wheel (sclera/conjunctiva layer), causing the color change to blue-green. The prescription is Huanyin Jiuku Tang (Restore Yin and Save from Anguish Decoction), taken frequently until healed.

It is also recorded: In the dark of night, a person's eyes suddenly see objects as brightly as daylight. This is due to the failure of Water and Fire to interact, obstruction of essence and turbidity, extreme disharmony, and the hazard of Yang light flying uncontrolled, failing to nourish Yin essence, allowing Yang light to run rampant. Taking Jiajian Bawei Wan (Modified Eight-Ingredient Pill) is effective.

It is also recorded: A person feels as if their brain is being pulled. The eyeballs move up and down or left and right suddenly without waiting for voluntary movement, changing positions rapidly. This is due to erratic rotation and striking, causing tendon and vessel tremors and spasms, leading to harm by pulling. This is called Lulu Zhuanjing (Spinning Eyeballs). Mild cases involve stable qi but deviated pulse and tilted eyeballs; severe cases involve reversal of the pupil. Taking Gouteng Yin (Uncaria Decoction) heals it.

Zangqi said: Song Dynasty physician Si Bo treated Shen Sengyi who suffered from eye pain and frequent visions of ghosts. Si Bo said: Pathogenic qi has entered the Liver. Find a pillow used by a deceased person, boil it, and take it. Bury the pillow outside an old grave. Following this advice led to recovery.

Yi Fangchuan said: A man suffered from heart disease, seeing objects like lions. Yi Fangchuan taught him to reach out and grab them; finding nothing, he recovered after a long time. This was a phlegm syndrome. He subsequently took Niuhuang Qingxin Wan (Calculus Bovis Clear Heart Pill) to eliminate the root cause.

*Benshi Fang* (Prescriptions Capable of Accomplishing Things) records: Xun Muzhong once told me: A patient saw one object as two. Physicians attributed this to excess Liver qi, causing double vision. Teaching him to take Liver-draining medicines yielded no results. What disease is this? I said: *Ling Shu Jing* states that the eye system connects upward to the brain and exits from the vertex. Thus, when pathogens invade internally, coinciding with bodily deficiency, they penetrate deeply, following the eye system into the brain. Brain rotation pulls the eye system tight, causing dizziness and spinning. Pathogens invading the essence cause essence scattering, leading to diplopia (seeing double). Prescribing wind-dispelling herbs entering the brain cured him.

*Yunlu Man Chao* records: Yang Jilao from Huainan was a Confucian physician. The son of a wealthy man suddenly fell ill, perceiving upright objects as slanted. Neatly arranged desks and chairs were moved to be slanted, which he considered upright. This affected his writing. His parents were very worried. Many physicians failed to diagnose the illness. Upon hearing of Yang Jilao, they sought his help. After diagnosing the pulse, Yang asked the father to leave first, keeping the son. He hosted a banquet with music and unlimited wine until the son was drunk. The sick son was placed in a sedan chair and carried up and down, often tilting him, for a long time, until he was put to bed. By dawn, when sober, he was sent home. Objects previously seen as slanted now appeared straight. The parents jumped for joy and asked for the treatment method. Yang Jilao said: Your son has no other illness. During drunkenness, he often stumbled. One lobe of the liver rested on the lung and could not descend, causing upright objects to appear slanted. Making him drunk again allowed the lung expansion during rolling to lower the liver lobe. How could medicine treat this? The wealthy man rewarded him generously.

*Jiu Lingshan Fang* records: Lu Canghai treated Daoist priest Xiao Yunquan from Linchuan, who saw objects upside down. Lu asked the cause. Xiao said: After heavy drinking and vomiting, sleeping until dawn, he developed this illness. Lu palpated the pulse: Left Guan position was floating and rapid. He told him: During your heavy drinking and vomiting, the Upper Jiao reversed, causing the Gallbladder organ to invert, hence seeing objects upside down. This is an internal injury caused by non-internal/non-external factors. The method is to induce vomiting again to correct the Gallbladder. Use Licui (Veratrum Nigrum Rhizome) and Gudi (Melon Peduncle) coarsely ground, decocted in water, taken in one dose at dawn, stopping when vomiting occurs. Vision returned to normal after vomiting.

*Daoshan Qinghua* records: Zhang Ziyan, a Grand Master, suffered from flickering vision with images of white-robed figures resembling Buddhas. He believed in these visions strictly, abstaining from meat and alcohol, becoming thin and ill. One day, he consulted Wang Shouqing for pulse diagnosis. Wang was shocked, said nothing, and gave him dozens of large pills and over a thousand small pills. He advised: Take them within ten days, then report back. When the deadline arrived, the white-robed figure's clothes turned yellow and disappeared. He desired meat and alcohol again. The next day, all visions ceased, and he felt physically different. He reported this to Wang. Wang said: I knew it. Your Spleen was initially diseased, overcome by the Lung. The Heart is the Mother of the Spleen. Your excessive suspicion weakened Heart qi, naturally producing visions. I used large pills to strengthen the Spleen and small pills to tonify the Heart. The Lung is the Child of the Spleen; since it cannot overcome its Mother, the illness heals naturally.

*Baojian* records: A four-year-old child, after a monk touched his head and received precepts, heard strangers chanting spells, became frightened, convulsed, produced phlegm sounds, had white sclerae, stiff neck and back, and woke after an hour. Afterwards, every time he saw someone in black clothes, he would convulse. Treatment with Cinnabar and Musk sedatives for over four years was ineffective. He developed gait abnormalities and dull demeanor. Pulse was deep, wiry, and rapid. *Zhenjing* states: Full and large Heart pulse indicates epilepsy and tendon spasms. Long-standing illness weakens qi. Overuse of sedative and cold-cooling agents damages righteous qi, adding to the dull demeanor. First, moxa both Yingqiao vessels 14 times each. Then take Chenxiang Tianma Wan (Agarwood and Gastrodia Pill) to recover.

*Neijing* states: Fear causes qi to sink, essence qi becomes timid, and Upper Jiao closes. The formula uses Qianghuo (Notopterygium Rhizome) and Duhuo (Angelica Pubescens Root), bitter-warm to guide qi upward and enter the Taiyang meridian, serving as Sovereign herbs; Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome) and Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), acrid-warm to disperse; Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) and Gancao (Licorice Root), acrid-sweet to tonify qi and blood deficiency, nourish Stomach qi as Ministers; Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root) and Chuanwu (Prepared Aconite Radix), extremely acrid-warm to promote yang and retreat yin, treating external cold injuring the Stomach; Kidney governs the five fluids, transforming into saliva in the Spleen; Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) dry dampness and resolve phlegm; Chenxiang (Aquilaria Wood), acrid-warm, heavy and pure in qi, calms spirit as Envoys.

*Wenqi Lu* records: Cui Yaofeng, Defense Commissioner of Quanzhou, had a nephew Li Yanji. A small sore suddenly appeared on the upper eyelid of the left eye, growing as large as a chicken egg, with a root like a string, preventing him from opening his eye. Yaofeng made him drink heavily, then cut off the sore. It burst, and a yellow sparrow flew out chirping.

Zhao Qing treated a young man who constantly saw a small mirror in his eyes. Zhao Qing examined him and promised fish for breakfast the next morning. The young man arrived on time, was ushered inside, and told to wait calmly for guests to leave. Soon, a table was set with a bowl of mustard vinegar and nothing else. Zhao Qing did not appear. Waiting until noon with no sign of Zhao, the young man became very hungry and smelled the vinegar. He tasted it lightly, then again, feeling a sudden relief in his chest and disappearance of visual disturbances. He drank the whole bowl. Zhao Qing emerged. The young man apologized shamefully for drinking the vinegar. Zhao Qing said: Young master, you ate too much fish. Fish scales remained in your chest, causing the double vision/mirror effect. The prepared mustard vinegar was intended for you to drink due to hunger, curing the disease naturally. The promise of fresh fish was a stratagem.

Xu Zhicai treated a man from Wucheng who indulged excessively in alcohol and sex, suffering from恍惚 (trance/unsteadiness). Each episode began with seeing colored objects in the air, which, upon approaching, transformed into a beautiful woman standing tens of feet away. Zhicai said: This is caused by excessive lust and emptiness of the Great Void. He prescribed one dose of soup, after which the image seemed further away. Subsequent doses changed the image back to colored objects. After several doses, he recovered.

Wang Shishan treated a man in his thirties with long-standing epilepsy, often occurring during morning washing. Sometimes seeing a yellow dog running ahead, he would faint and fall, convulsing, unconscious, waking only after a long time. Treated as Phlegm-Fire with Qinlian Erchen Tang, or Wind-Phlegm with Quanxie Jiangcan Shouxing Wan, or Phlegm confusing the Heart Orifice with Jinbo Zhenxin Wan, none were effective. Wang diagnosed slow, weak, slightly wiry pulses. He said: This is Wood-Fire attacking Earth. Morning belongs to Yang phase; yellow dogs correspond to Earth color; the Stomach belongs to Yang Earth. Deficiency allows Wood-Fire to attack. Classics state: All pulses relate to the eyes. Hence, seeing objects triggers the disease. Proper treatment should strengthen the Stomach and drain the Spleen, so Fire subsides. To injure the Liver, soothe the center. He used Renshen (Ginseng), Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Fuling (Poria), Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Jingjisui (Schizonepeta Spike), decocted and taken for over ten doses. Illness reduced by 60-70%. Continued for over a month until cured.

Qian Yi treated a woman who fell ill due to fear. After recovery, her eyes remained open and unable to close. Qian Yi said: Decoct Yuliren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed) in wine and drink until drunk, then she will recover. The reason is that the eye system connects internally to the Liver and Gallbladder. Fear causes qi stagnation, and the Gallbladder hangs horizontally without descending. Yuliren moistens and disperses stagnation. Entering the Gallbladder with wine, the stagnation resolves, the Gallbladder descends, and the eyes close.

Zhang Hezi treated a wealthy woman who suffered from insomnia for two years due to excessive thinking, untreatable by medicine. Her husband sought treatment. Both wrists showed slow pulses, indicating Spleen pathology, as the Spleen governs thought. Zhang conspired with her husband to provoke anger, taking much money and drinking for several days, leaving without prescribing anything. The woman became furious, sweated, and slept soundly that night. This continued for eight or nine days until her pulse normalized. This is the method of Anger overcoming Thought.

Danxi treated a woman near twenty years old. Fever intensified when closing eyes; thirst for water to relieve heat. Pulse was choppy and turbid. This was food-phlegm. Using Ge Gen (Kudzu Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel), Pianqin (Scutellaria Root), Mutong (Akebia Stem), Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root), followed by 20 Baohe Wan (Harmonize Preservation Pills), gradually improved.

Jiang Rujie treated Ye Tingjie's wife. In the tenth lunar month, eye closure caused numbness; she dared not sleep. Changing doctors repeatedly led to metrorrhagia. Jiang palpated the Left hand: three positions slightly wiry when lifted, slightly large and powerless when pressed. Right hand: three positions large and powerless when lifted or pressed. Classics state: Blood deficiency pulse is large like a green onion tube. Large and powerless indicates blood deficiency. All wiry pulses indicate fluid retention. Wiry indicates勞 (consumptive disease). Based on pulse and symptoms, qi and blood were both deficient, causing qi circulation failure and numbness. Contemporary physicians misunderstood, treating as Fire, using excessive cold-cooling herbs, damaging Spleen-Stomach, causing Yang qi collapse and metrorrhagia. Considering annual运气 (luck/qi movement), Heaven Guard governed qi, Wind-Wood was below. Two Woods combined, Wood excess depleted Spleen-Earth, causing sinking and acting like Autumn/Winter. Considering seasonal timing, from Minor Snow to Major Snow (over 60 days), Solar Cold-Water governed Jueyin Wind-Wood. Guest qi added above, Wood-Fire prevailed. Classics state: When prevailing, there is no recovery. With great Spleen deficiency, how could blood not flow downward? The Spleen contains blood; Spleen deficiency causes blood to leave vessels and flow recklessly. Method: Tonify Spleen meridian primarily. Second, tonify qi and dispel dampness for gradual recovery. Use Renshen (Ginseng) three qian, Huangqi (Astragalus Root) two qian, Gancao (Licorice Root) four fen, Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root), Jingjie (Schizonepeta Spike), Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) each one qian, Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) eight fen. Decoct in water, take far from meals. One dose divided into three servings. Recovered in a few doses.

Li Shizhen noted in Xie Shitai's *Shanfan Fang*: Treating Shizhu (Corpse Transmission), where patients see corpses or hear crying sounds. Take a piece of mat from a coffin, discarded on the road, size of a tiger's mouth, three cun long. Decoct in three sheng water to one sheng. Take immediately for effect. This aligns with Si Bo's use of a deceased person's pillow.

Ge Hong said: Guizhu (Ghost Transmission) is one of the Five Corpse transmissions, accompanied by various ghost evils. Variations range from 36 to 99 types. Generally causes alternating chills and fever, lethargy, silence, unknown location of pain. Accumulates over years/months, becoming chronic, spreading to others endlessly. If such symptoms appear, urgently take one Otter Liver, dry in shade, grind to powder. Take one fangcun bi (measure), three times daily. Repeat if not cured. *Benshi Fang* says: *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* states this prescription is excellent. During Xuanhe era, a strict Daoist priest at Tianqing Temple treated a woman whose relative was possessed. Summoning spirits, the entity said: Not I who cause harm, but another ghost, exploiting the patient's declining fate. It has formed shape in the patient's Lung, eating the lung tissue. Causing hemoptysis and hoarseness. The priest beat the spirit. It hesitated, then said: Only fears Otter Melon powder taken with wine. The family followed this, and the patient recovered. I witnessed this. The illness was similar. Otter Melon refers to Otter Liver-like substances.

Sun Dongsu treated Sun Ruteng's wife, over forty. Eyes occasionally red and swollen, temporal pain, constipation for three days. Normally menstruation lasted two days a month; now lasting four days and not stopping. Yu Yungu, a self-proclaimed eye specialist, treated her for a long time without reducing swelling/redness. A white blister suddenly grew inside the right eye, hanging level with the nose, over two cun in diameter. People fled in horror, considering it a strange disease untreatable. She also vomited and felt dizzy, lying on the pillow afraid to move. Movement worsened dizziness and vomiting. Suspected incurable in the south. Sun palpated: Cun and Guan positions slippery, large, and forceful; Chi positions deep and faint. He said: Phlegm in Middle Jiao, Fire in Liver-Gallbladder, triggered by anger. *Neijing* states: All wind, tremors, and dizziness belong to Liver Fire. All rebellious qi rushing upward belongs to Fire. No dizziness without phlegm. The white blister on the eyeball is due to rapid Fire nature aggravated by anger. Qi enters collaterals, rising but not descending, swelling out of the eye. Ancient strong men bursting eyeballs from anger shares the same mechanism. Liver is the Sea of Blood, hence continuous bleeding. Treatment: Suppress the eye, clear and settle phlegm-fire. First, use Jiangzhi Yiwan Wan (Ginger Juice Yi Yuan Pill) to suppress phlegm-fire and stop vomiting. Then, Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) plus Jiu Lian (Wine-fried Coptis), Jiu Qin (Wine-fried Scutellaria), Tianma (Gastrodia Rhizome), Huashi (Talc), Wuzhuyu (Evodia Fruit), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange). One dose stopped vomiting and stabilized dizziness, allowing slight head movement. Changed to Erchen Tang plus Qin, Lian, Gujingcao (Eyebright Herb), Xiakucao (Prunella Spike), Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Zhuyu, Yiyiren (Coix Seed). Two doses reduced redness/swelling and retracted blister. Four doses fully cured. Blood sea cleared, no recurrence thereafter.

Also, Liangqing's daughter had left eye redness/swelling. Eyes opened only when abdomen was full; closed when hungry. This is Ganji (Childhood Malnutrition) deficiency-cold syndrome. Use Xiakucao (Prunella Spike) two qian, Gujingcao (Eyebright Herb), Gancao (Licorice Root) each one qian, Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome) one qian five fen. Decoct and take four doses for peace.

Li Shicai treated Zhu Wen'zai. Body felt like insect stings, mouth and tongue ulcerated. Every morning, saw two ghosts holding plates of food offering them. Li palpated: Cun pulse fluctuated large and small. Suspected ghost possession. Carefully observed Guan positions: wiry, slippery, and large. Concluded it was Phlegm-Fluid accumulation. Prescribed Guntan Wan (Rolling Phlegm Pill). Slight evacuation occurred, but condition remained unchanged. Gave Xiaowei Dan (Small Stomach Pill) two qian. Evacuated more than ten bowls of phlegm accumulation and water. Body pain halved. Ghosts disappeared next morning. Gave Renshen (Ginseng) three qian, Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) two qian decoction to take Xiaowei Dan three qian. Profuse diarrhea over ten times, about twenty bowls. Illness vanished. Prepared Liujunzi Wan (Six Gentlemen Pills) as pills. Took four jin to recover.

I treated Sun Qiding's wife. Ten-plus days postpartum, felt qi stagnation. Later, binocular vision distorted straight lines into curves, like a bow. Physicians helpless for two months. Traveling from Beijing to Tianjin, I treated Ma Shiquan, a grain transport official, for eye disease. Sun also requested treatment. Pulse was deep and choppy. Syndrome due to blood stasis. Straight-to-curved vision implies blood stasis obstructing Liver/Gallbladder lobes. Previously, Lu Fu treated a Daoist who, after heavy drinking and vomiting, inverted his Gallbladder, seeing objects upside down. Now, Liver lobes are folded, Gallbladder curved, hence curved vision. Used Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Taoren (Peach Seed) each three qian, Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung) one qian five fen, Jiuhuanglian (Wine-fried Rhubarb), Rougui (Cinnamon Bark) each one qian to move stasis. Chaihu (Bupleurum Root) eight fen to soothe Liver. One dose passed several clots of black blood. Vision gradually straightened. Second dose passed more clots. Vision returned to normal.

Chen Zaihou from Yuyao, residing in Wulin. Early spring, eye pain. Physician gave cooling agents. Eyes protruded out of sockets, unbearable pain. My pulse diagnosis: Both hands deep and faint. Liver-Kidney cold invasion. Treatment: Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction). Physician Wang present argued: Protruding eyes indicate Liver Fire forcing them out. Why cold? I said: Pulse is deep and faint. He said: Pulse not weak. I said: You fail to distinguish pulse. Let symptoms clarify. Initially painful, but cooling herbs caused protrusion, proving it is not Fire syndrome. He said: Fire too strong, medication too light. I said: Everyone attributes eye pain to Fire, even protrusion. Little do they know this syndrome: Yin excess below, repelling Yang above. Yang cannot descend, causing eye pain. Using cold herbs forces Yang further. Yang has nowhere to return, surges into eyes, causing protrusion.

Zhongjing stated: Shaoyin meridian cold damage, fever, sore throat, deep-thin pulse. Cold injures Kidney, forcing Kidney Fire to fly upward, causing sore throat. Now, faint pulse and protruding eyes follow the same principle.