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The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: When the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) is diseased, there is rebellious Qi rising and abdominal urgency.

The *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot) states: For rebellious Qi rising, puncture the depressed areas in the chest and the arterial pulse below the lower chest. For abdominal pain, puncture the arterial pulses on the left and right of the navel; pressing upon them brings immediate relief. If not relieved, puncture the Qichuan (Street of Qi) acupoint; pressing upon it brings immediate relief.

Li Dongyuan stated: In autumn and winter months, the four meridians of the Stomach are rebelled against by the Chong Mai, and the two pathways of the Shaoyang (Gallbladder) meridian under the hypochondrium reverse their course to ascend upwards. This condition is named "Jue Ni" (Rebellious Cold). Its symptoms include: Qi rushing upwards, inability to breathe smoothly through the throat with audible wheezing, and inability to lie flat. It is appropriate to use Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang (Regulate the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction) with the addition of 5 fen of Wu Zhu Yu (Evodiae Fructus), adjusting the dosage according to the degree of Qi rebellion. (From *Pi Wei Lun*). If this occurs in summer, it is a syndrome of intense heat. Use Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huang Bai (Phellodendri Cortex), and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) in equal parts. Wash them with wine, stir-fry until dry, grind into powder, and mix with warm water to form pills. Take 100-200 pills each time, swallowed with warm water on an empty stomach. Immediately follow with a good meal to suppress the medicinal action, preventing it from staying in the stomach, so that it reaches the lower Yuan (origin) to drain the pathogenic factors from the Chong Mai. Generally, this disease should be treated according to the cold, heat, warmth, and coolness of the four seasons.

He further stated: Whenever Qi rebels and rushes upward, accompanied by either abdominal urgency or irritability and heat sensation, it is due to the rebellion of the Chong Mai. If caused by internal injury, it is appropriate to use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Boost Qi Decoction) with added fried Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), fried Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) to drain the Chong Mai. In cases where Kidney Fire is hyperactive, or when the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), Du Mai (Governing Vessel), and Chong Mai are excessive, it is appropriate to use Jiu Chao Huang Bai (Wine-processed Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), but long-term use is discouraged as it may impair the Stomach. If there is stabbing pain in the abdomen or abdominal urgency, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) should be used in larger amounts. If there is tenesmus with inability to defecate, it belongs to Blood deficiency; Blood deficiency causes abdominal urgency, and Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) is appropriate. For rebellious Qi, abdominal urgency, obstruction in the diaphragm and pharynx, and constipation, Shengyang Xiere Tang (Raise Yang and Drain Heat Decoction) is the primary treatment. (Formula found in *Lanshi Mizang*). For numbness, rebellious Qi rushing upward, ascending rebellious Qi, and auditory/visual hallucinations, Shengong Wan (Divine Merit Pill) is the primary treatment. (Formula found in *Lanshi Mizang*).

Sun Simiao in the *Qian Jin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) stated: For coughing with expectoration, cold extremities, Qi rushing from the lower abdomen up to the chest and throat, facial flushing like drunkenness, followed by heat flowing down to the inner thighs, difficult urination, and occasional dizziness, with a Chen (deep) pulse at the Cun position and a Wei (fine/weak) pulse at the Chi position, it is appropriate to use Fuling Wuweizi Tang (Poria and Schisandra Decoction) to treat the Qi rushing. The formula uses Fuling (Poria), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) (2 qian), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), and Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 qian). Decoct in water and take orally. If there is chest fullness, remove Guixin (Cinnamon Twig).

Cheng Huangdun recorded: The Marquis of Taiping suffered from pain in the Danzhong (Chest Center), asthma, vomiting, and acid regurgitation. A point of Qi above the navel rose to the throat feeling as cold as ice, occurring regularly between Zi hour and Shen hour. Physicians considered it severe cold, but treatment was ineffective.

Zhu Juquan said: This resulted from heavy drinking and excessive consumption of rich foods. Between Zi and Shen hours, Ministerial Fire rises from below, causing the pain. Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) added with Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus), and Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) cured him after several doses.

The *Su Wen* (Basic Questions) chapter on Wei Syndrome (Flaccidity) asks: Why is treating Wei syndrome focused solely on the Yangming? The answer is: Yangming is the sea of the five zang and six fu organs, primarily moistening the Zong Jin (Major Sinews). The Zong Jin binds the bones and facilitates joint movement. The Chong Mai is the sea of the twelve meridians, primarily infiltrating and irrigating the muscle valleys. It merges with Yangming at the Zong Jin and converges at the Qichuan (Street of Qi) acupoint, with Yangming taking the lead. All are connected to the Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel) and linked to the Du Mai (Governing Vessel). Therefore, if Yangming is deficient, the Zong Jin becomes lax and the Dai Mai fails to draw, resulting in flaccidity and inability to use the legs. Treatment should involve tonifying Ying (Nutritive) Qi and unblocking the meridians individually, regulating excess and deficiency, and harmonizing rebellious and smooth flow. The sinews, vessels, bones, and flesh should be treated in their respective months, and the disease will resolve. (This refers to the Liver corresponding to Jia/Yi days/months, Heart to Bing/Ding, Spleen to Wu/Ji, following the method of governing Qi and timing).

Li Dongyuan stated: In summer, if the disease is severe, it transmits to the Liver and Kidney causing Wei Jue (Flaccidity and Reversal). Wei refers to flaccid weakness of the four limbs. Jue refers to limbs feeling like fire or like ice, accompanied by vexation. When Chong Mai Qi rebels upward, severe cases involve Fire rebelling, named Jue Ni (Rebellious Cold). Thus, Wei and Jue diseases often accompany each other. The classics state: Insufficiency of Qi in the lower jiao leads to Wei Jue and a feeling of emptiness in the heart. It is appropriate to use herbs that clear dryness and damp-heat, or combine Shengmai San (Generate Pulse Powder) with Siling San (Four-Poria Powder). Add Jiu Xi Huang Bo (Wine-washed Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) to drain damp-heat.

Li Binhu stated: Wei syndrome caused by damp-heat is insufficiency containing excess. It is appropriate to use draining and leaching herbs. If Wei syndrome is caused by exhaustion of Essence and Blood, it is pure insufficiency within insufficiency, requiring potent tonifying herbs.

The *Ling Shu* (Spiritual Pivot) states: There is a Street of Qi in the chest, a Street of Qi in the abdomen, a Street of Qi in the head, and a Street of Qi in the shanks. Therefore, for Qi in the head, stop treatment at the Brain; for Qi in the chest, stop at the Ying (chest) and Back; for Qi in the abdomen, stop at the Back-Shu points and the arterial pulses of the Chong Mai on the left and right of the navel; for Qi in the shanks, stop at the Qichuan (Street of Qi) acupoint, Chengshan (BL57), and below the ankle. To select these points, use fine needles. First press the upper points for a long time until a sensation is felt under the hand, then puncture and apply manipulation. The conditions treated include headache, dizziness, and collapse; abdominal pain, central fullness, and sudden distension; and new accumulations causing pain.

The *Su Wen* (Basic Questions) chapter on Pain mentions: When Cold Qi lodges in the Chong Mai, which originates at Guan Yuan (CV4) and ascends straight up the abdomen, the Cold Qi lodges and blocks the vessels. When vessels are blocked, Qi follows the blockage, causing panting and palpable pulsation under the hand.

Wang Shuhe in the *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: If both hands' pulses show Yang upon superficial pressure and Yin upon deep pressure, with both Yin and Yang being excessive, this indicates the Chong and Du Mai. The Chong and Du Mai serve as the pathways for the twelve meridians. When the Chong and Du Mai are active, the twelve meridians no longer converge at the Cun Kou (Radial Artery). Such individuals may exhibit恍惚 (trance-like states), mania, or foolishness.

He further states: A pulse that is firm in the center and extends directly to the Guan position indicates the Chong Mai. Patients suffer from lower abdominal pain rushing to the heart, Jian Han (masses and hernias), enuresis, hypochondriac fullness and vexation, and women may experience sterility.

He also states: If the Cun and Chi positions are both Lao (firm/taut) and the pulse moves straight up and down, this is the Chong Mai pulse, indicating Cold Jian Han (cold hernia) in the chest.

Zhang Zhongjing stated: In Shanghan (Cold Damage) disease, if Dong Qi (moving Qi/pulsation) is on the right, sweating is contraindicated. Sweating will cause epistaxis, thirst, cardiac vexation, and vomiting after drinking water. (First use Wuling San, then Zhuye Tang). Purging is contraindicated. Purging will deplete internal fluids, causing dizziness, dry throat, dry nose, and palpitations. (Zhuye Tang). If Dong Qi is on the left, sweating is contraindicated. Sweating will cause dizziness and continuous sweating, with twitching of muscles and flesh, making it difficult to treat. (Or first use Fangfeng Baizhu Muli Tang, then Xiaojianzhong Tang). Purging is contraindicated. Purging will cause persistent abdominal cramping, worsening of Dong Qi, and despite body heat, a desire to curl up. (First take Gancao Ganjiang Tang, then Xiaojianzhong Tang). If Dong Qi is above, sweating is contraindicated. Sweating will cause Qi to rush upward, stopping at the heart end. (Ligen Tang). Purging is contraindicated. Purging will cause hot vexation in the palms, body heat, sweating, and a desire for self-irrigation with water. (Zhuye Tang). If Dong Qi is below, sweating is contraindicated. Sweating will result in no sweat, great cardiac vexation, bone joint pain, headache, vertigo, aversion to cold, and vomiting of undigested food. (First take Da Chenpi Tang, then Xiaojianzhong Tang). Purging is contraindicated. Purging will cause abdominal fullness, sudden dizziness upon rising, passage of undigested food after eating, and epigastric hardness and fullness. (Ganxiao Xiexin Tang).

Li Binhu stated: This refers to a sensation of Qi pounding firmly and painfully around the navel, on its left, right, above, and below. This is precisely a disease of the Chong Mai, Ren Mai, Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) meridian, and Foot Taiyin (Spleen) meridian. Cheng Wuji's commentary interpreted the left as Liver and right as Lung, above as Heart and below as Spleen, failing to examine carefully that these four zang organs are merely jointly affected by pathogens.

Qibo stated: The Sea has east, west, south, and north; humans also have Four Seas corresponding to them. The Stomach is the Sea of Water and Grain, its transport points are above at Qichuan (ST30) and below at Zusanli (ST36). The Chong Mai is the Sea of the Twelve Meridians, its transport points are above at Dazhu (BL11) and below emerging from the upper and lower edges of Juxu (Shangjuxu ST37 and Xiaguxu ST39). Danzhong (CV17) is the Sea of Qi, its transport points are above at the upper and lower parts of the vertebral column, and anteriorly at Renying (ST9). The Brain is the Sea of Marrow, its transport points are above at Gaigu (vertex/fontanelle) and below at Fengfu (GV16). If the Sea of Qi is in excess, Qi fills the chest, breathing is labored, and the face is red; if deficient, there is insufficient Qi to speak. If the Sea of Blood is in excess, one constantly feels their body is large,郁怒 (depressed/angry) without knowing the illness; if deficient, one constantly feels their body is small, constrained without knowing the illness. If the Sea of Water and Grain is in excess, there is abdominal fullness; if deficient, there is hunger but inability to accept food. If the Sea of Marrow is in excess, one is light, vigorous, and strong, exceeding normal limits; if deficient, there is spinning of the brain, tinnitus, soreness of the shanks, dizziness, blindness, lassitude, and a desire to lie still.