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Answer: The Large Intestine is the official responsible for conduction, where transformation and excretion occur. It alone receives the turbidity of Yin and Yang, transforms waste into feces, and transmits impurities out of the body. If the San Jiao (Triple Burner) is not harmonious, and the Zang-Fu organs are disordered, heat causes the body fluids to dry up and deplete, leading to stagnation and obstruction in the intestines and stomach, resulting in constipation. Cold causes abdominal pain and borborygmus, with water and grain passing down together. Therefore, heat patterns should be treated by clearing heat and promoting unblocking, while cold patterns should be treated by warming and consolidating.

Jianzhong San (Middle-Jiao Harmonizing Powder): Treats disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach, Qi stagnation in the Zhongwan region, lingering cold and retained fluid, accumulation that fails to digest. Symptoms include stabbing pain in the heart and abdomen, distension and swelling of the hypochondrium, vomiting of phlegm-saliva, belching and eructation, acid regurgitation, borborygmus with diarrhea or dysentery, undigested food and water, limb fatigue, and loss of appetite.

Ingredients: Qingpi (Green Tangerine Peel) [some editions omit this], Zaozi (Jujube Fruit) (one jin), Houpo (Magnolia Bark) (one jin), Gancao (Licorice Root), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber) (soaked in hot water, washed, and steeped; five liang), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel) (eight liang), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (processed; five liang).

The above six ingredients are boiled in three dou of water until the water is exhausted, then dried by baking.

Renshen (Ginseng Root) (rhizome removed; one liang), Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb) (one liang), Hezi (Chebula Fruit) (processed, flesh only; two liang), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) (one liang), Baifuling (Poria) (one liang), Caodoukou (Grass Cardamom Seed) (peeled; one liang).

The above are prepared as a decoction powder (Yinzi). Each dose consists of two qian, boiled with two zhan of water and three slices of ginger until reduced to six parts. Strain and take warm before meals.

Siwei Huan Chang Wan (Four-Ingredient Intestine-Replenishing Pills): Treats pain felt in the Zang-Fu organs during defecation, dysentery with poor dietary intake, caused by excessive thinking, or accumulation of cold qi leading to dysentery. (Also known as Baizhu Zhili Wan / Atractylodes Anti-Dysentery Pills).

Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) (three fen), Hezi (Chebula Fruit) (processed, shell removed, flesh selected; three fen), Roudoukou (Nutmeg Seed) (three fen), Zhongru Fen (Stalactite Powder) (one liang).

The above are ground into fine powder, mixed with Zhongru Fen, and bound with wheat paste to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take fifty pills each time, swallowed with warm cooked water on an empty stomach. Effect is usually seen after taking no more than three doses.

For heat patterns, take Sishun Yinzi (Four-Harmonizing Decoction Powder): Treats constipation, red face, and feverish body.

Ingredients: Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Baishao (White Peony Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) (equal parts).

The above are made into a coarse powder. Each dose is five qian, boiled in one and a half zhan of water until reduced to one zhan. Strain and take warm at any time.

Maren Wan (Hemp Seed Pills): Treats wind invading the intestines, causing dryness and scarcity of body fluids, often leading to constipation.

Ingredients: Maren (Hemp Seed) (peeled and pounded; two liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange) (four liang, stir-fried with bran), Baishao (White Peony Root) (four liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) (four liang, processed), Houpo (Magnolia Bark) (two liang), Xingren (Apricot Seed) (two liang).

The above are ground into fine powder and formed into honey pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take twenty pills with rice drink. If bowel movement is not achieved, increase to thirty pills.

For cold patterns, take Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction): Treats cold, heat, and dampness in the intestines and stomach, profuse watery diarrhea, indistinguishable food and water, borborygmus in the abdomen, as well as injury from seasonal pathogens, interior cold with exterior heat, cholera-like vomiting and dysentery, cold extremities, pain in the chest and spleen/stomach, rebellious Qi, and stagnant Qi. All are treated by this formula.

Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Root), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (processed, two liang each), Roudoukou (Nutmeg Seed), Sharen (Amomum Fruit) (two liang each).

The above are prepared as a decoction powder. Each dose is three qian, boiled in one and a half zhan of water until reduced to one zhan. Strain and take hot before meals.

Zhu Po Wan (Boiled Magnolia Pills): Treats dysentery caused by visceral cold.

Ingredients: Beizao (Northern Jujube Fruit) (half a jin), Chuanxiong (Sichuan Lovage Rhizome) (four liang), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (sliced; four liang).

The above three ingredients are boiled in three bowls of water until dry. The ginger is pounded thoroughly, mixed with the jujube flesh, and pounded again until fine. Hands are coated with sesame oil, and the mixture is shaped into small coins. They are slowly dried over low fire. Then add the following ingredients:

Cangzhu (Atractylodes Rhizome) (soaked in rice wash water), Huixiang (Fennel Fruit) (stir-fried), Gancao (Licorice Root) (honey-fried), Guanzi Gui (Cinnamon Bark) (new bark, peeled), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Maiya (Barley Sprout) (cleaned and stir-fried), Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome) (roasted, four liang each), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Liangjiang (Galangal Rhizome) (stir-fried, two liang each), Roudoukou (Nutmeg Seed) (roasted; two liang), Dingxiang (Clove) (one liang), Chuanjiang (Sichuan Ginger) (two liang).

The above are ground into fine powder and bound with thin starch paste made by boiling water to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take one hundred pills each time, swallowed with rice drink at any time.

Doukou Juhong San (Cardamom and Exocarpium Citri Reticulatae Powder): Warms the Spleen and nourishes the Stomach, promotes digestion, and stimulates appetite.

Ingredients: Dingxiang (Clove), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root) (one liang), Baidoukou (White Cardamom Seed), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Baizhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Houpo (Magnolia Bark), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (processed), Banxiaqu (Pinellia Medicated Leaven) (stir-fried), Chenpi (Aged Tangerine Peel) (white pith removed), Huoxiangye (Patchouli Leaf) (dust removed), Gancao (Licorice Root) (honey-fried, half a liang each).

The above are ground into fine powder. Each dose is three qian, boiled with one zhan of water, three slices of ginger, and one jujube until reduced to seven parts. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach.