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According to: The condition of Pterygium (Pterygium, a wing-like growth on the conjunctiva). It may appear between the inner and outer canthi; this is considered "living flesh." If topical eye drops and oral medications cannot resolve it, it will inevitably invade and obscure the Cornea (black pupil), potentially obstructing the Pupil Spirit (vision). In such cases, surgical excision is the most appropriate treatment. However, if it has not yet invaded the Cornea, there is little harm; only topical applications or oral pills/powders should be used to gradually resolve it. One must not lightly resort to hooking or cutting; caution is paramount.

When performing the excision, first use an unspecified amount of Alum (Mingfan), dissolve it in hot water, and apply the alum solution to the pterygium using a new wool brush. This causes the tissue to wrinkle, facilitating the procedure. First, insert a sharp needle through the tissue, exposing the ends above and below to lift and secure the tissue horizontally across the upper and lower eyelids. Then, use a hoe-shaped blade to cut from the center towards the edge near the Cornea, employing gentle, superficial scraping and cutting motions. It is crucial not to disturb the Cornea. Next, scrape the sclera from the needle insertion point towards the extreme ends of the canthi. Either cut with a knife or snip with small scissors. Do not disturb the red fleshy mass at the head of the canthus (inner/outer corner); this is the ocular aperture, connected to the blood essence of the Heart. Bleeding here causes injury and may lead to fistula formation, resulting in significant harm. If the pterygium is white, cauterization is unnecessary. If bleeding occurs during excision, wipe it dry with softened cotton paper moistened with water to stop the flow.

For red pterygia, do not cauterize. If it transforms into a shape resembling a rooster's comb or clam meat, excision is indicated. Post-operatively, abstain from sexual desire, anger, exposure to wind and sun, and strenuous labor. Rest quietly for twenty-one days. Avoid fish, seafood, fried foods, alcohol, wheat noodles, chicken, goose, donkey, horse, pig head, dog meat, as well as scallions, garlic, chives, mustard, pepper, and other spicy foods. After surgery, it is beneficial to take more than ten doses of decoctions that clear heat, invigorate blood, and dispel wind.

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[Diagram of Needle, Cautery Iron, Hook, and Knife]

According to the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon): When primordial Qi is attacked by pathogenic factors, or when Wind-Dryness and Fire invade, or when Kidney Water is deficient and Lung Metal weak, causing Liver Wood to overact upon its controlled element, the people suffer from blurred vision. There are four main types:

First, Wind-Heat. The classic states: "When Shaoyin governs the Heaven, Wind and Heat are distributed together... the people suffer from deafness and blindness/dizziness." This refers to blurred vision caused by the intermingling of Wind and Heat.

Second, Excess Heat. The classic states: "When Shaoyin governs the Earth, excessive Heat prevails... causing eye dizziness/blindness. Treat with salty-cold substances." This refers to blurred vision caused by excess Heat.

Third, Wind Excess. The classic states: "In years where Water is insufficient, Dampness prevails greatly... sudden violent storms occur, causing visual blurring/distortion." This refers to blurred vision caused by Wind excess.

Fourth, Dryness Excess. The classic states: "When Yangming governs the Heaven, excessive Dryness prevails... damaging the eyes. Treat with bitter-hot substances." This refers to the aforementioned condition.