灵砂性温。能通血脉。杀鬼辟邪。安魂定魄。（系水银硫黄。水火炼成形者。）
砒霜大毒。风痰可吐。截疟除哮。能消沉痼。（一名人言。一名信。所畏绿豆、冷水、
米醋、姜肉。误中毒。服其中一味即解。）
雄黄甘辛。辟邪解毒。更治蛇虺。喉风 肉。
珍珠气寒。镇惊除痫。开聋磨翳。止渴坠痰。（未钻者研如粉）
牛黄味苦。大治风痰。定魄安魂。惊痫灵丹。
琥珀味甘。安魂定魄。破瘀消 。利水通涩。（拾起草芥者佳）
血竭味咸。跌扑伤损。恶毒疮痈。破血有准。（一名麒麟竭。敲断。有镜脸光者是。）
石钟乳甘。气乃剽悍。益气固精。明目延寿。
阳起石甘。肾气之绝。阴痿不起。其效甚捷。（火 。酒淬七次。再酒煮半日。研细。）
桑椹子甘。解金石燥。清除热渴。染发须皓。
蒲公英苦。溃坚消肿。结核能除。食毒可用。（一名黄花地丁草）
石苇味苦。通利膀胱。遗尿或淋。发背疮疡。
蓄味苦。疥瘙疽痔。小儿蛔虫。女人阴蚀。
赤箭味苦。原号定风。杀蛊解毒。除疝疗痈。（即天麻苗也）
鸡内金寒。溺遗精泄。禁痢漏崩。更除烦热。
鳗 鱼甘。劳瘵杀虫。痔漏疮疹。崩疾有功。
螃蟹味咸。散血解结。益气养筋。除胸烦热。
马肉味辛。堪强腰脊。自死老死。并弃勿食。（怀孕痢疾生疮者禁食。）
白鸽肉平。解诸药毒。能除疥疮。味胜猪肉。
兔肉味辛。补中益气。止渴健脾。孕妇勿食。（秋冬宜啖。春夏忌食。）
牛肉属土。补脾胃弱。乳养虚羸。善滋血涸。
猪肉味甘。量食补虚。动风痰物。多食虚肥。
羊肉味甘。专补虚羸。开胃补肾。不致阳痿。
雄鸡味甘。动风助火。补虚温中。血漏亦可。（有风人并患骨蒸者。俱不宜食。）
鸭肉散寒。补虚劳怯。消水肿胀。退惊痫热。
鲤鱼味甘。消水肿满。下气安胎。其功不缓。
鲫鱼味甘。和中补虚。理胃进食。肠 泻利。
驴肉微寒。安心解烦。能发痼疾。以动风淫。
鳝鱼味甘。益智补中。能去狐臭。善散湿风。（血涂口眼 斜。左患涂右。右患涂左也
）
白鹅肉甘。大补脏腑。最发疮毒。痼疾勿与。
犬肉性温。益气壮阳。炙食作渴。阴虚禁尝。（不可与蒜同食。颇损人。）
鳖肉性冷。凉血补阴。 瘕勿食。孕妇勿侵。（合鸡子或苋菜食不宜。并忌多食。）
芡实味甘。能益精气。腰膝酸疼。皆主湿痹。（一名鸡头。去壳取仁。）
石莲子苦。疗噤口痢。白浊遗精。清心良剂。
藕味甘甜。解酒清热。消烦逐瘀。止吐衄血。
龙眼味甘。归脾益智。健忘怔忡。聪明广记。
莲须味甘。益肾乌须。涩精固髓。悦颜补虚。
柿子气寒。能润心肺。止渴化痰。涩肠止痢。
石榴皮酸。能禁精漏。止痢涩肠。染须尤妙。
陈仓谷米。调和脾胃。解渴除烦。能止泻痢。（愈陈愈佳。粘米陈粟米同。）
莱菔子辛。喘咳下气。倒壁冲墙。胀满消去。（即萝卜子也）
芥菜味辛。除邪通鼻。能利九窍。多食通气。
浆水味酸。酷热当茶。除烦消食。泻痢堪夸。
砂糖味甘。润肺和中。多食损齿。湿热生虫。
饴糖味甘。和脾润肺。止渴消痰。中满休食。
麻油性冷。善解诸毒。百病能除。功难悉述。
白果甘苦。喘嗽白浊。点茶压酒。不可多嚼。（一名银杏）
胡桃肉甘。补肾黑发。多食生痰。动气之物。
梨味甘酸。解酒除渴。止嗽消痰。善驱烦热。（勿多食。令人寒中作泻。产妇金疮属血
虚。切忌。）
榧实味甘。主疗五痔。蛊毒三虫。不可多食。
竹茹止呕。能除寒热。胃热咳哕。不寐安歇。
竹叶味甘。退热安眠。化痰定喘。止渴消烦。（味淡者佳）
竹沥味甘。阴虚痰火。汗热渴烦。效如开锁。（截尺余。直劈数片。两砖架起。火烘。
两头流沥。每沥一盏。姜汁二匙。）
莱菔根甘。下气消谷。痰癖咳嗽。兼解面毒。（俗云萝卜）
灯草味甘。能利小水。癃闭成淋。湿肿为最。
艾叶温平。除湿散寒。漏血安胎。心痛即愈。（宜陈久者佳。揉烂醋浸炒之。）
绿豆气寒。能解百毒。止渴除烦。诸热可服。
川椒辛热。祛邪逐寒。明目杀虫。温而不猛。（去目微炒）
胡椒味辛。心腹冷痛。下气温中。跌扑堪用。
石蜜甘平。入药炼熟。益气补中。润燥解毒。
马齿苋寒。青盲白翳。利便杀虫。 痈咸治。
葱白辛温。发表出汗。伤寒头疼。肿痛皆散。（忌与蜜同食）
胡荽味辛。上止头疼。内消谷食。痘疹发生。
韭味辛温。祛除胃热。汁清血瘀。子医梦泄。
大蒜辛温。化肉消谷。解毒散痈。多用伤目。
食盐味咸。能吐中痰。心腹卒痛。过多损颜。
茶茗性苦。热渴能济。上清头目。下消食气。
酒通血脉。消愁遣兴。少饮壮神。过多损命。（用无灰酒。凡煎药入酒。药热方入。）
醋消肿毒。积瘕可去。产后金疮。血晕皆治。（一名苦酒。用味酸者。）
白梅味酸。除烦解渴。霍疟下痢。止嗽劳热。（去核用）
淡豆豉寒。能除懊 。伤寒头痛。兼理瘴气。（用江西淡豉黑豆造者）
莲子味甘。健脾理胃。止泻涩精。清心养气。（食不去心。恐成卒暴霍乱。）
大枣味甘。调和百药。益气养脾。中满休嚼。
人乳味甘。补阴益阳。悦颜明目。羸劣仙方。（要壮盛妇人香浓者佳。病妇勿用。）
童便味凉。打扑瘀血。虚劳骨蒸。热嗽尤捷。（一名回阳汤。一名轮回酒。一名还元汤
要七八岁儿清白者佳。赤黄者不可用。）
生姜性温。通畅神明。痰嗽呕吐。开胃极灵。（去皮即热。留皮即冷。）
药共四百。精制不同。生熟新久。炮 炙烘。汤丸膏散。各起疲癃。合宜而用。乃是良
工。
Lingsha (Cinnabar and Mercury Alloy) is warm in nature. It can unblock the blood vessels, expel evil spirits, and calm the soul and spirit. (It is formed by refining mercury and sulfur with water and fire.)
Pishuang (Arsenic Trioxide) is highly toxic. It can induce vomiting to expel wind-phlegm, arrest malaria, relieve asthma, and eliminate chronic stubborn diseases. (Also known as Renyan or Xinshi. Its antagonists are mung beans, cold water, rice vinegar, and ginger meat. If accidentally poisoned, taking any one of these will detoxify it.)
Xionghuang (Realgar) is sweet and acrid. It expels evil and detoxifies. It also treats snake bites and throat wind swelling.
Zhenzhu (Pearl) is cold in qi. It calms fright and eliminates epilepsy, opens deafness, removes eye nebula, stops thirst, and descends phlegm. (Unpierced pearls should be ground into powder.)
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) is bitter. It greatly treats wind-phlegm, stabilizes the soul and spirit, and is a miraculous pill for treating fright and epilepsy.
Hupo (Amber) is sweet. It calms the soul and spirit, breaks stasis, resolves masses, promotes urination, and unblocks strangury. (Those picked up from grass and weeds are superior.)
Xuexie (Dragon's Blood) is salty. It treats traumatic injuries, malignant sores and carbuncles, and has precise effects in breaking blood stasis. (Also known as Qilinjie. When broken, those with a mirror-like luster are authentic.)
Shizhongru (Gypsum Ossis Mastodi) is sweet. Its qi is vigorous. It tonifies qi, secures essence, brightens the eyes, and prolongs life.
Yangqishi (Stalactite) is sweet. It treats renal qi exhaustion and impotence. Its efficacy is very rapid. (Calcined over fire, quenched in wine seven times, then boiled in wine for half a day, and ground into fine powder.)
Sangshenzi (Mulberry Fruit) is sweet. It relieves dryness caused by mineral drugs, clears heat and thirst, and darkens hair and beard.
Pugongying (Dandelion) is bitter. It softens hardness, reduces swelling, eliminates scrofula, and can be used for food poisoning. (Also known as Huanghua Didingcao.)
Shiwei (Leafy Fern Leaf) is bitter. It promotes bladder function, treating enuresis or strangury, and furuncles on the back.
Bianxu (Polygonum Aviculare) is bitter. It treats tinea, itching, carbuncles, hemorrhoids, pediatric roundworms, and female genital erosion.
Chijian (Acorus Tatarinowii Sprout) is bitter. Originally named Dingfeng, it kills gu poison, detoxifies, treats hernia, and heals carbuncles. (It is the sprout of Tianma.)
Jineijin (Chicken Gizzard Membrane) is cold. It treats enuresis, spermatorrhea, diarrhea, dysentery, leukorrhea, and metrorrhagia. It also removes vexation and heat.
Manyu (Eel) is sweet. It treats consumptive disease by killing parasites, hemorrhoids, fistulas, skin eruptions, and metrorrhagia.
Xie (Crab) is salty. It disperses blood, resolves nodules, tonifies qi and strengthens tendons, and removes chest vexation and heat.
Ma Rou (Horse Meat) is acrid. It strengthens the waist and spine. Self-dead or old dead horses must be discarded and not eaten. (Forbidden for pregnant women, those with dysentery, or those with sores.)
Baige Rou (Pigeon Meat) is neutral. It detoxifies various medicines, treats tinea, and tastes better than pork.
Tou Rou (Rabbit Meat) is acrid. It tonifies the middle and benefits qi, stops thirst, and strengthens the spleen. Pregnant women should not eat it. (Suitable for autumn and winter; avoid in spring and summer.)
Niu Rou (Beef) belongs to Earth. It tonifies weak spleen and stomach, nourishes milk for the emaciated, and moistens blood depletion.
Zhu Rou (Pork) is sweet. Eaten in moderation, it tonifies deficiency. However, it generates wind and phlegm. Excessive consumption leads to flaccid obesity.
Yang Rou (Mutton) is sweet. It specifically tonifies emaciation, opens the appetite, and tonifies the kidney without causing impotence.
Xiongji Rou (Rooster Meat) is sweet. It generates wind and assists fire but tonifies deficiency and warms the middle. It can also treat bloody leakage. (Not suitable for those with wind disorders or bone-steaming consumption.)
Ya Rou (Duck Meat) disperses cold, tonifies consumptive weakness, reduces edema and distension, and retreats fright-epilepsy heat.
Li Yu (Carp) is sweet. It reduces edema and fullness, directs qi downward, and calms the fetus. Its efficacy is prompt.
Ji Yu (Crucian Carp) is sweet. It harmonizes the middle, tonifies deficiency, regulates the stomach to promote eating, and treats intestinal diarrhea and dysentery.
Lv Rou (Donkey Meat) is slightly cold. It calms the heart and resolves vexation but can trigger chronic diseases due to its wind-generating and dampness-promoting nature.
Shan Yu (Eel) is sweet. It benefits intelligence and tonifies the middle, removes fox odor, and disperses damp-wind. (Its blood applied to the opposite side of facial paralysis: left lesion treated on right, right lesion on left.)
E Rou (Goose Meat) is sweet. It greatly tonifies the zang-fu organs but most easily triggers sores and toxins. Not for those with chronic diseases.
Quan Rou (Dog Meat) is warm. It benefits qi and strengthens yang. Roasted, it causes thirst. Forbidden for yin deficiency. (Do not eat with garlic; it is quite harmful.)
Bie Rou (Turtle Meat) is cold. It cools blood and tonifies yin. Forbidden for those with abdominal masses. Pregnant women should avoid it. (Incompatible with eggs or amaranth; avoid excessive consumption.)
Qianshi (Euryale Seed) is sweet. It benefits essence and qi. It treats soreness and pain of the waist and knees, all related to damp-bi. (Also known as Jitou; remove shell and take the kernel.)
Shi Lianzi (Stone Lotus Seed) is bitter. It treats anorexic dysentery, white turbidity, and spermatorrhea. It is a good agent for clearing the heart.
Ou (Lotus Root) is sweet. It detoxifies alcohol, clears heat, removes vexation, drives out stasis, and stops hematemesis and epistaxis.
Longyan Rou (Longan Aril) is sweet. It enters the spleen and benefits intelligence. It treats forgetfulness and palpitations, enhancing memory.
Lian Xu (Lotus Plumule) is sweet. It tonifies the kidney, darkens hair, secures essence, solidifies marrow, beautifies the face, and tonifies deficiency.
Shizi (Persimmon) is cold. It moistens the lungs and heart, stops thirst, transforms phlegm, and astringes the intestines to stop dysentery.
Shiliupi (Pomegranate Peel) is sour. It prevents essence leakage, stops dysentery, and astringes the intestines. It is especially wonderful for dyeing hair.
Chencang Gummi (Aged Rice Grain) harmonizes the spleen and stomach, stops thirst, removes vexation, and stops diarrhea and dysentery. (The older, the better; glutinous rice and aged millet have similar effects.)
Laifuzi (Radish Seed) is acrid. It directs qi downward to relieve wheezing and coughing, removes chest fullness and distension. (It is radish seed.)
Jiecai (Mustard Vegetable) is acrid. It expels evil, unblocks the nose, benefits the nine orifices, and promotes qi circulation when eaten in excess.
Jiangshui (Fermented Rice Water) is sour. In extreme heat, drink it as tea. It removes vexation, aids digestion, and is excellent for diarrhea and dysentery.
Shatang (White Sugar) is sweet. It moistens the lungs and harmonizes the middle. Excessive consumption damages teeth and generates damp-heat leading to worms.
Yitang (Malt Sugar) is sweet. It harmonizes the spleen and moistens the lungs, stops thirst, and transforms phlegm. Do not eat if there is middle-fullness.
Mayou (Sesame Oil) is cold in nature. It excels at resolving various toxins and eliminating hundred diseases; its merits are hard to fully describe.
Baiguo (Ginkgo Nut) is sweet and bitter. It treats wheezing, cough, and white turbidity. When added to tea or wine, do not chew excessively. (Also known as Yinxing.)
Hetao Rou (Walnut Kernel) is sweet. It tonifies the kidney and darkens hair. Excessive consumption generates phlegm; it is a qi-moving substance.
Li (Pear) is sweet and sour. It detoxifies alcohol, removes thirst, stops cough, transforms phlegm, and drives out vexation and heat. (Do not eat too much; it causes cold in the middle leading to diarrhea. Contraindicated for postpartum women and those with traumatic bleeding due to blood deficiency.)
Feishi (Torreya Seed) is sweet. It mainly treats five types of hemorrhoids, gu poison, and three kinds of parasites. Do not eat excessively.
Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings) stops vomiting, removes cold and heat, treats stomach-heat cough and hiccups, and aids sleep.
Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf) is sweet. It reduces fever, aids sleep, transforms phlegm, calms wheezing, stops thirst, and removes vexation. (Those with mild taste are better.)
Zhuli (Bamboo Juice) is sweet. It treats yin-deficiency phlegm-fire, sweating, heat, thirst, and vexation. Its efficacy is like unlocking a door. (Cut bamboo stalks over one chi long, split them, place between two bricks, bake over fire until liquid drips from both ends. Take one cup per dose with two spoons of ginger juice.)
Laigen (Radish Root) is sweet. It directs qi downward and aids digestion. It treats phlegm-stagnation cough and detoxifies facial toxins. (Commonly known as radish.)
Dengcao (Club Rush Pith) is sweet. It promotes urination. It is best for urinary retention turning into strangury and damp-swelling.
Aiye (Mugwort Leaf) is warm and neutral. It removes dampness and dispels cold, stops bleeding, calms the fetus, and cures heart pain. (Older leaves are better. Mash, soak in vinegar, and stir-fry.)
Lvdou (Mung Bean) is cold. It detoxifies hundred poisons, stops thirst, removes vexation, and is suitable for various heat conditions.
Chuanjiao (Sichuan Pepper) is acrid and hot. It expels evil, drives out cold, brightens eyes, and kills parasites. It is warming but not fierce. (Remove the seeds and stir-fry lightly.)
Hujiao (Black Pepper) is acrid. It treats cold pain in the heart and abdomen, directs qi downward, warms the middle, and can be used for traumatic injuries.
Shimi (Rock Sugar) is sweet and neutral. Refined for medicinal use, it tonifies qi and the middle, moistens dryness, and detoxifies.
Maxianxian (Purslane) is cold. It treats amaurosis and white nebula, promotes urination, kills parasites, and treats carbuncles.
Congbai (Scallion White) is acrid and warm. It releases the exterior and induces sweating. It treats cold damage headache and dissipates swelling and pain. (Contraindicated with honey.)
Huisu (Coriander) is acrid. Upward, it stops headaches; inward, it digests grain food. It is used when measles and rubella fail to erupt.
Jiu (Chinese Chives) is acrid and warm. It removes stomach heat, clears blood stasis with its juice, and its seeds treat nocturnal emission.
Dasuan (Garlic) is acrid and warm. It digests meat and grain, detoxifies, and dissipates carbuncles. Excessive use damages the eyes.
Yan (Salt) is salty. It can induce vomiting to expel phlegm from the middle. It treats sudden heart and abdominal pain. Excessive consumption damages the complexion.
Cha Ming (Tea Leaves) is bitter. It alleviates heat and thirst. Upward, it clears the head and eyes; downward, it digests food and moves qi.
Jiu (Alcohol) unblocks blood vessels, dispels sorrow, and enhances mood. Moderate drinking strengthens the spirit; excessive drinking damages life. (Use ash-free wine. When adding wine to decoctions, add it while the medicine is hot.)
Cu (Vinegar) reduces swelling and toxins, removes accumulations and masses, and treats postpartum trauma and blood fainting. (Also known as Kujiu; use sour-tasting ones.)
Bai Mei (White Plum) is sour. It removes vexation, stops thirst, treats cholera, malaria, and dysentery, and stops cough and consumption heat. (Remove the pits before use.)
Dan Dou Chi (Prepared Soybean) is cold. It removes mental restlessness, treats cold damage headache, and manages miasma qi. (Use Jiangxi Dan Dou Chi made from black beans.)
Lian Zi (Lotus Seed) is sweet. It strengthens the spleen and regulates the stomach, stops diarrhea, secures essence, clears the heart, and nourishes qi. (Do not remove the plumule when eating, lest it cause acute cholera.)
Da Zao (Jujube) is sweet. It harmonizes hundred herbs, benefits qi, and nourishes the spleen. Do not chew if there is middle-fullness.
Ren Ru (Human Milk) is sweet. It tonifies yin and benefits yang, beautifies the face, brightens the eyes, and is a divine prescription for the emaciated. (Select milk from healthy, fragrant women; do not use from sick women.)
Tong Bian (Child Urine) is cool. It treats traumatic blood stasis, consumptive bone-steaming, and is particularly effective for heat-cough. (Also known as Huiyang Tang, Lunhui Jiu, or Huanyuan Tang. Use clear urine from children aged seven or eight; red or yellow urine is unusable.)
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) is warm. It unblocks the mind and spirit, treats phlegm-cough and vomiting, and is extremely effective for opening the appetite. (Peeling makes it hot; keeping the peel makes it cold.)
There are four hundred medicinal substances in total, refined differently. They vary in raw or cooked state, new or old, and undergo processing methods such as frying, roasting, and baking. Formulated as decoctions, pills, pastes, or powders, each addresses specific ailments. Using them appropriately is the mark of a skilled physician.