人有积湿,或因脾虚不能运化,或因喜啖浓肥,恣饮茶酒之故。盖湿蕴则生热,无寒热
者,
谓之湿热病。先寒后热,有汗而热不解者,谓之湿温证。虽在伤寒门内,不得用伤寒方中治
太阳经证之桂枝、麻黄汤,此尽人皆知者也。其脉必濡大而数,其舌苔必白腻转为黄腻,或
见湿灰,口虽觉干,不能多饮;或含水而不欲下咽,此因湿盛于中,故不能饮,热胜于湿,
故口觉干也。夫湿为病之本,热乃湿所化;然则治湿温者,必芳香以燥之,苦寒以泄之,淡
渗以利之,为一定之理,毫无疑义者也。今之治湿温者反是,其方必用豆豉、生地,名曰黑
膏汤。欲以豆豉表汗,生地泄热也。不知今之豆豉,不用桑叶制,而用麻黄制,是以热助热
也。生地性粘腻,滞痰涎,是以湿助湿也。助之不已,则湿愈盛而热愈炽,时觉口渴,(热
炽故也。)舌苔垢腻,其至灰黑,(湿盛故也。黑为水色。)神志昏迷,口多呓语。(皆热炽湿
盛之见象。)医者不知其为药所误,见其昏迷呓语,以为必发疹子,而重用豆豉、豆卷(亦麻
黄制。)等以汗之,不恤竭力以助其热;见其舌灰口渴,以为防其劫津,而重用沙参、石斛
等以润之,不恤竭力以助其湿。至此而昏迷愈甚,舌色愈灰,痰涎上涌,命在顷刻,万无生
理。医乃手足无措,无以名之,名之曰肺闭,而用紫雪丹、至宝丹、牛黄丸、濂珠粉、乌
犀角,一服再服,使湿热之邪,尽引入心包,遂一厥而不复醒矣。岂知湿为阴邪,为浊邪;
暑为阳邪,为清邪。清阳之邪,有气无质,可用紫雪等丹开泄而去;阴浊之邪,有气有质,
不可用开泄,一开泄则邪陷心包,死不旋踵矣!呜呼!湿温一症,始误于豆豉,生地等之助
热助湿,继误于豆卷、石斛等之助热助湿。终误于紫雪、至宝等之引邪入心,以置之必死之
地,而岂知湿温本非死证耶。
湿温非死证,而今之患湿温者,往往致死岂非服药之误乎。今夫病名曰湿,即不当以助
湿之
药以治湿病,虽甚庸愚,必知之也。病名曰温,即不当以助温之药以治温病,虽甚庸愚,必
知之也。而病者乃不之知,医者亦不之知,医之有时名者,更不之知,岂不大可怪耶!
且夫湿为阴邪,阴盛者阳必衰,未有阳衰而可以滋阴者也。阴愈滋则(湿愈)盛,以滋阴
者治
湿,是犹灌卤于地,而望其燥也。愚孰甚哉!然则如何而可治湿温乎?曰∶始未化火,则用朴
、术、陈、夏等以香燥之;继而化火,则用连、芩、栀、翘等以苦泄;终而湿降,则用茯苓
、通草、泽泻、车前子等以淡渗之,始终不当发汗。盖湿家自有汗,不可再发其汗也。始终
不当滋阴,滋阴是以水济水,无益而有害也。无如邪说中人,深入骨髓,愚人无主,听命庸
医,忠告之言,茫然不省。吾未如之何已!
尝过一富翁之门,见其倾有药渣,中有金斛,不以为意。既而见有霍斛矣,既而见有鲜
斛矣
,最后见有铁皮风斛矣。余乃叹曰∶当此湿令,病多湿温,投此不已,病其殆哉。未几,翁
果死。盖人参与石斛连投,惟恐其津之劫也。然而闻之者,不以为误,一若与其以燥湿生,
无宁以滋阴死者。呜呼!滋阴之说,中于人心,虽死不悔。吾安得运万千广长舌,登生公说
法坛,使顽石一齐点头哉?
There are individuals with accumulated dampness (Shi), which may be due to Spleen deficiency (Pi Xu) failing to transform and transport fluids, or because of a preference for rich, fatty foods, and the indulgence in tea and alcohol. Dampness accumulating generates heat; when there is no aversion to cold or fever, it is called Damp-Heat Disease (Shi Re Bing). If there is initial aversion to cold followed by fever, and sweating does not resolve the heat, it is called Damp-Warmth Syndrome (Shi Wen Zheng). Although categorized within the Shanghan (Cold Damage) school, one must not use Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) or Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction), which treat Taiyang channel syndromes, for this condition—a fact known to all.
The pulse must be soggy (Ru), large, and rapid (Shu). The tongue coating must transition from white and greasy to yellow and greasy, or appear damp-grey. Although the mouth feels dry, the patient cannot drink much; or they hold water in the mouth without swallowing. This is because dampness is abundant in the middle jiao, preventing drinking, while heat surpasses dampness, causing the sensation of dryness. Dampness is the root of the disease, and heat is transformed from dampness. Therefore, treating Damp-Warmth requires aromatic herbs to dry dampness, bitter-cold herbs to drain heat, and bland-draining herbs to promote urination. This is an immutable principle, beyond doubt.
However, contemporary practitioners treat Damp-Warmth oppositely. Their formulas invariably use Dou Chi (Fermented Soybean) and Sheng Di Huang (Rehmannia Root), named Hei Gao Tang. They intend for Dou Chi to induce sweating and Sheng Di Huang to clear heat. Yet, they do not realize that current Dou Chi is processed with Ma Huang (Ephedra) rather than Sang Ye (Mulberry Leaf), thereby using heat to assist heat. Sheng Di Huang is sticky and cloying, obstructing phlegm-fluids, thereby using dampness to assist dampness. Unchecked assistance leads to more abundant dampness and fiercer heat. The patient frequently feels thirsty (due to fierce heat), the tongue coating becomes filthy and greasy, turning grey-black (due to extreme dampness; black corresponds to Water element), consciousness becomes clouded, and muttering occurs (all manifestations of fierce heat and abundant dampness).
The physician, unaware of the medication error, seeing coma and muttering, assumes rashes will erupt, and heavily prescribes Dou Chi and Dou Juan (also processed with Ma Huang) to induce sweating, disregarding the effort to assist heat. Seeing grey tongue and thirst, fearing fluid depletion, they heavily prescribe Sha Shen (Glehnia Root) and Shi Hu (Dendrobium Stem) to moisten, disregarding the effort to assist dampness. At this stage, coma deepens, tongue color turns grayer, phlegm-fluid surges upward, and life hangs in the balance, with no hope of survival. The physician is at a loss, unable to name the condition, calling it Lung Obstruction (Fei Bi), and uses Zi Xue Dan (Purple Snow Pill), Zhi Bao Dan (Precious Treasure Pill), Niu Huang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill), Lian Zhu Fen (Pearl Powder), and Wu Xi Jiao (Black Rhinoceros Horn). One dose after another causes the damp-heat pathogen to enter the Pericardium (Xin Bao), leading to Jue (collapse) from which the patient never regains consciousness.
How could they know that dampness is Yin pathogen and turbid pathogen, whereas summerheat is Yang pathogen and clear pathogen? Clear-Yang pathogens have Qi but no substance, and can be expelled via opening and draining methods like Zi Xue Dan. Yin-Turbid pathogens have both Qi and substance; they must not be treated with opening and draining. Once opened and drained, the pathogen sinks into the Pericardium, and death follows instantly! Alas! In Damp-Warmth syndrome, the first error was using Dou Chi and Sheng Di Huang to assist heat and dampness; the second error was using Dou Juan and Shi Hu to assist heat and dampness; the final error was using Zi Xue and Zhi Bao to draw the pathogen into the heart, placing the patient in a fatal position. Who would know that Damp-Warmth is inherently not a fatal syndrome?
Damp-Warmth is not fatal, yet patients often die. Is this not due to medication errors? The disease is named "Damp"; thus, one should not use damp-assisting herbs to treat it. Even the most mediocre and foolish person would know this. The disease is named "Warm"; thus, one should not use warm-assisting herbs to treat it. Even the most mediocre and foolish person would know this. Yet, the patient does not know, the physician does not know, and even renowned physicians do not know. Is this not astonishing?
Moreover, dampness is a Yin pathogen. When Yin is excessive, Yang must decline. There is no case where declining Yang can be treated with Yin-nourishing methods. The more one nourishes Yin, the more abundant the dampness becomes. Treating dampness with Yin-nourishing herbs is like pouring brine onto the ground and hoping it dries. I am extremely foolish! So, how should Damp-Warmth be treated? Answer: Initially, before fire transformation, use Hou Po (Magnolia Bark), Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala), Chen Pi (Tangerine Peel), and Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) to aromatically dry dampness. Subsequently, after fire transformation, use Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit), Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root), Zhi Zi (Gardenia Fruit), and Lian Qiao (Forsythia Fruit - *Note: Text says 'Qiao', usually refers to Lian Qiao or similar clearing herbs*) to bitterly drain heat. Finally, when dampness descends, use Fu Ling (Poria), Tong Cao (Tetrapanax Pith), Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome), and Che Qian Zi (Plantago Seed) to blandly drain dampness. Throughout, one must not induce sweating. Patients with dampness naturally sweat; one must not induce further sweating. Throughout, one must not nourish Yin. Nourishing Yin is using water to meet water, which is useless and harmful.
Unfortunately, heretical theories penetrate deeply into people's bones. Foolish people lack autonomy and obey quack physicians, remaining oblivious to loyal advice. I am helpless!
Once, passing the gate of a wealthy man, I saw discarded medicinal dregs containing Jin Hu (Golden Dendrobium), which I ignored. Then I saw Huo Hu (Huo Dendrobium), then fresh Hu, and finally Tie Pi Feng Hu (Iron Skin Wind Dendrobium). I sighed, saying, "In this damp season, diseases are mostly Damp-Warmth. Continuing these prescriptions, the illness will surely become critical." Shortly after, the wealthy man indeed died. It seems Ginseng and Shi Hu were administered consecutively, fearing fluid depletion. However, those who heard of this did not consider it an error, as if preferring death by Yin-nourishing over living by drying dampness. Alas! The theory of Yin-nourishing strikes the human heart; even unto death, there is no repentance. How can I wield ten thousand long tongues, ascend the pulpit of Master Sheng, and make the stubborn stones nod together?