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《惠眼观证》云∶虚实之状，不拘肥瘠，系乎气色。有肥而气
怯，瘠而气壮。怯则色软，壮则色盛。由此观之，五脏之色皆见
于面。肝青，心赤，肺白，脾黄，肾黑。虽然肝王于春，心王于
夏，肺王于秋，脾王于四季，肾王于冬。设或不春，不冬，有时
而变面青黑，又非系乎肝肾也。时非四季，有时而变面黄赤，亦
非系乎心脾也。时非在秋有时而变面色白，亦非系乎在肺也。忽
然青黑者，主乎痛。忽然黄赤者，主乎热。忽然白色者，主乎冷。
此由气有闭滞，非系乎时也。泛常而色见于本部者，又非此论也。
心肺系乎两脸，脾则见乎唇之四际，肝则见乎眼之四傍，肾则见
乎两鬓之际。始见于本部，又形于他位，前所谓不可一端而取也。
至如脾主唇之四际，其色白则主吐泻。或痢病之日久，忽然紫黑，
此心肾之气传之于脾，主乎败绝，不三日而死也。眼之四傍，其
色青则主惊涎闭结，微微白色交侵则肺之克肝，亦死候也。由是推夫五脏之气遍行于面，不可执一而视也。
《惠眼观证》云∶小儿之病，其实者面色红赤，风之欲生则或先摇头，或自扎眼。虚者面色淡黄夹白，气之
怯则头软弱，眼目昏昏。又有实而气血闭者，面色青黄，夜睡多汗，加之唇干气粗，胁下刺痛，晚或躁闷。又
有虚而大小便涩滞，眼迟息缓者，此脾有滑积，其形候如此。由目力观之，切忌小儿睡起与夫啼声方断，此古
人深戒也。凡有重病，气色未定则先将手候太冲，兼掐脚心，或不知病，乃一绝也。又看眼色如何，果混浊而
不名誉则死矣。
《惠眼观证》又云∶小儿生下三朝七日，面葱白色者，为胎气不足，近不可过六十日，远不过 。
寿上一点青色，惊着胎气。凡因惊后，两眼皮上筋起，赤则惊积，青则疳积，红则风积。鼻心红色直上此
心热，主发痈疮，或夜啼，睡卧不稳，或热，或痢病。两眉心青气起，主着仆，不然被打惊着。眼坑下红色起，
主心惊，因人叫唤，或鸡犬惊着万一，胸膈烦，夜或热。两眼尾青筋直上发际，主肝气怯弱。如有疾病，其筋
愈青，面色愈白，主慢惊搐搦候，大肠亦冷。唇红面赤，主有伤壮热，又更啼哭，必伤寒头痛外候，用手按太
阳穴，见动来抵手是也。脸青唇黑，若元有惊候则主惊气结痛，须发惊也。如本无惊，忽然青者，唇反干燥，
其声直叫，此因冷物伤脾。唇之四外淡白色，主脾虚吐泻及患痢。如已吐泻，有黑色绕上唇者，必死。若患痢
重，则唇上一路干白。唇之四外黄，主食伤脾。唇之四际青色淡淡起者，主脾胃有涎，即发伤寒，脾虚引起潮
热。唇之四外赤色，主心脾受热，气血壅滞，或发口疮。两脸上有丝纹淡红夹赤，此因肺受热，主嗽或血不潮
心，梦多惊叫，睡卧不安。眼坑下青黑色绕转，主肝气败绝涎生。又面脸上有红丝，从下直上眼尾，此心肺极
热生丹疮。眼睛黄色，主肺有粘积。眼睛青色，主肺有风气并脾气。又白，即主渴候，遍身黄肿如熟李。或因
泻痢，手足浮肿。若面色变动，或青或赤，耳叶冷，腹内痛，好吃冷水，主发疹痘。两耳畔青黑，筋横过发际，
主脐下痛及疝气肾吊也。生下一月或二月，面色忽微微青白，偃身哭者，主胎中受邪气。非时面赤，或壮热。
四肢烦，手足心热，主心腹热痛，遍身虚肿。面色青黄，头皮光肿者，主热疳候。气入，四肢皮上粟疮。唇口
微微青黄，主肝脏风热，及脾有滑积，或腹痛泻。生下头肿，胎气不足。眼涩睛赤，揉眼揩眼，面青黄多泪，
主风疳在肝脏。
《惠眼观证》∶小儿气色言之难矣。在视之精熟，方知子细。全黄色中有黄而色似乎黯者，唇似微白，主乎
疳气。或淡淡黄而青者，主肝脾皆虚，或有潮热，或患泻痢。小儿疾患须先看脾气，此一脏生病最多，何哉？
吃物无度，冷热无节，因而伤损。或泻，或滞，或痢，以致肌肉羸瘦，往往传变于丁奚、哺露。虽二候一同，
肚高脚细，头发干枯。但丁奚者，有虫。哺露者，腹高青筋，吃物不变是也。
《惠眼观证》辩形色∶大抵气色各随其时而言之，至如淡淡青黄，脾胃虚怯而致。此在春与冬末看之，多患
伤寒、疹痘。在秋于夏末观之，多患吐泻、疟痢。盖病有阴阳，各以时候击触而成。此则言其大概无所出也，
宜常记之。
又唇之上一路白，主吐。唇棱上一道白，及唇尖微骞，主痢。唇四际青，主泻。唇下一抹黄，主伤。唇上
黑色者，胃气绝，必死。眼下脸赤，主睡不稳，多啼叫。眼白芨青，主惊。
《保生论》辩小儿生死形色法∶
两眉（属木）──青色（吉），黄色（主霍乱）。两眼（左太阳，右太阴）──黑睛黄（主伤寒），白睛黄（有积）。
两风池气池──青色（主风候，）红色（主发热），紫色（主吐逆）。印堂──红色（主夜啼），青色（主溺泻）。寿上、年
上──青色（主第二次受惊），赤色（主泻后发躁）。微黄（平）。山根──青色（主发热生惊），黑色及黄色甚者（主死）。
人中──黑色（主蛔虫咬心，）患久，人中缩者（主死）。承浆地阁──黄色（主霍乱），黑色（主风雨惊），赤色（主痢
血）。止口──红黄色（平），白色（脾绝），黑色绕口（主死）。两颐──黑色（主滞颐疾），赤色（主斑疮眼）。两
颊──赤
色（主伤寒），右赤色（肺脏热，主生喘），左赤色（心脏热，口生疮）。两金匮──青色（第三次惊，主生风候）。
两耳前──青色（主惊）。两太阳穴──青色（第一次惊）。红色（主血淋）。两颧──赤色（主五脏皆有热），赤色连耳
入目，七日亡。
黑色绕口者，二日亡。黑色从眉入目者，当日亡。鼻干黑色者，二日亡。眉青目黄者，必亡。面黑唇红者，
必亡。眉青唇黑不食者，必亡。
《庄氏家传》察小儿气色候∶
凡察小儿气色，先安定自己神色，勿令散乱，兼忌孩儿初睡起及啼哭声未绝，并未可察视。
面青，肝病。赤色，心病。白色，肺病。黄色，脾病。黑色，肾病。两目青色，主肝风惊痫。两耳前后黑，
主肾热，风虚多啼，不得睡。两目赤色，主肝脏积热。左额上有丹丝红纹，心积热。右额上白色，肺邪干心。
右额上白色，肺脏邪热。左颊上赤者，肝热。右颊赤者，肾积热。口四畔黄如橘，脾积热。口四畔青色，兼有
青筋，主惊。口四畔白色，荣卫气滞。两目黄，主积食不化、疳、蛔。人中左右两傍黄，主胃逆。面青，愁思
客忤觉惊。人中青者，主下痢。面赤红，主伤寒。面赤头热清涕，伤寒疹痘疮。面青，两鼻下赤，主盗汗，伏
冷，阴证。面非时红，或红，或赤变移者，主时中受邪惊。面黄，两额微赤，主惊疳。面青黄，鼻痒，目昏者，
风疳。眼上赤色，啼叫用力，吐乳不受，手足冷者，死。眼下青色，如横针者，死。黑色从眉绕目者，七日死。
长沙医者毛彬传面部察色∶
黑色发于年寿，惊气伏脾。或射风池，肝生风逆。或连气池，大肠冷滑。印堂黑，耳花黑，皆死候也。余
部皆心不调，但顺荣卫，别观所定处。
赤色发于颧上，心脏伏热。或连气池，伤寒之候。风池上作轮，急惊将起。或于年寿上见赤，是心脾极热，
口内生疮。或脸上赤，胃热，或生干逆，或吐蛔虫。或上冲印堂，下达颐门，皆不好也。
青色发于风池者，肝虚风候。下绕气池，吐痢日久。或当年寿，上冲印堂上下，伤寒夹惊之候。当文武之
台入眼，慢惊风起。颐门久见者，皆久积痞气。
黄色发于颐门，脾虚疳积。年寿上黄，大肠冷。有黄到准头，脱肛。风池黄，脾风将起。气池黄，胃弱困
重生蛔。脸堂上下黄，脾困之候。或年寿、印堂黄，皆吐泻脾虚也。黄绕金匮、承浆，脾毒积痢候。
白色发人中，或如缣素之垂雪，当人中止者，初变蒸也。当风气二池，皆肺壅咳嗽。或文武二台上气滞，
多成积泻。或人中直上到寿上，肺疳将甚也。
面部皆青，肝绝。皆赤，心绝。皆黄，脾绝。皆白，肺绝。皆黑，肾绝。
心绝，舌缩，鱼口。肾绝，筋拘，逆冷。脾绝，胃逆，谷不化。肺绝，喘促，脱肛。肝绝，搐搦，生涎。
并死候也。
Figure 1 to Figure 8 (Placeholders for images, no text content)
Mystical Essentials Pointing to the Confusion: Diagram of Forms and Syndromes
The *Huiyan Guanzheng* (Eyes of Compassion Observing Syndromes) states: The manifestations of deficiency and excess are not determined by fat or thin body types, but depend on Qi and complexion. There are those who are fat yet have deficient Qi, and those who are thin yet have robust Qi. Deficient Qi presents with a soft complexion, while robust Qi presents with a vibrant complexion. From this, it can be seen that the colors of the Five Zang organs manifest on the face. Liver corresponds to Green, Heart to Red, Lungs to White, Spleen to Yellow, and Kidneys to Black. Although Liver Qi is prosperous in Spring, Heart Qi in Summer, Lung Qi in Autumn, Spleen Qi at the end of each season (Late Summer), and Kidney Qi in Winter. If it is not the corresponding season, sometimes the face turns green-black; this does not necessarily relate to the Liver and Kidneys. If it is not the end of the seasons, sometimes the face turns yellow-red; this does not necessarily relate to the Heart and Spleen. If it is not Autumn, sometimes the face turns white; this does not necessarily relate to the Lungs. Sudden green-blackness indicates pain. Sudden yellow-redness indicates Heat syndromes. Sudden whiteness indicates Cold syndromes. This is due to the stagnation of Qi, unrelated to seasons. If the color appears in its corresponding organ's area under normal circumstances, it does not fall under the above discussion. The Qi and color of the Heart and Lungs reflect on both cheeks; the Spleen reflects on the four corners of the lips; the Liver reflects around the eyes; the Kidneys reflect at the temples. If the color first appears in its corresponding area and then manifests elsewhere, this is what was previously mentioned: one cannot judge based on a single sign. As for the Spleen governing the four corners of the lips, if the color is white, it indicates vomiting and diarrhea. Or if dysentery has persisted for a long time and suddenly turns purple-black, this indicates the transmission of Heart and Kidney Qi to the Spleen, signifying the collapse of visceral Qi, leading to death within three days. Around the eyes, if the color is green, it indicates fright-phlegm obstruction; if a slight white invades, it represents Metal (Lung) overcoming Wood (Liver), which is also a fatal sign. Thus, deducing from this, the Qi of the Five Zang organs circulates throughout the face, and one must not view it rigidly.
The *Huiyan Guanzheng* states: In pediatric diseases, excess syndromes present with a red and ruddy complexion. When Wind pathogen is about to arise, the child may shake their head or rub their eyes spontaneously. Deficiency syndromes present with a pale yellow complexion mixed with white; deficient Qi leads to a weak head and dull eyes. There are also excess syndromes with blocked Qi and Blood, presenting with a green-yellow complexion, night sweats, dry lips, coarse breathing, stabbing pain in the hypochondrium, and evening restlessness. There are also deficiency syndromes with obstructed urination and defecation, slow eye movement, and weak respiration; this indicates Spleen sliding accumulation, with such morphological signs. Observation requires extreme caution: one must strictly avoid observing the child immediately after waking up or when crying has just stopped; this is a deep warning from ancient practitioners. For severe illnesses where the Qi and complexion are unsettled, first palpate the Taichong (LR3) acupoint and pinch the sole of the foot. If there is no response to the illness, it is a terminal state. Also observe the eye color; if it is turbid and lacks brightness, death will ensue.
The *Huiyan Guanzheng* further states: For infants born three or seven days ago, a scallion-white (tender white) complexion indicates insufficient fetal Qi. Life expectancy may not exceed sixty days, or slightly longer... (text missing). A small spot of green on the Shou Shang (area below nose tip to upper lip) indicates fright disturbing the fetal Qi. After fright, if veins bulge on the eyelids, red indicates Fright Accumulation, green indicates Gan Syndrome (Infantile Malnutrition), and red indicates Wind Accumulation. Redness rising straight up from the nose tip indicates Heart Heat, predisposing to carbuncles, night crying, restless sleep, fever, or dysentery. Green Qi rising between the eyebrows indicates trauma/falls or fright from beating. Redness rising in the eye pits indicates Heart Fright, caused by being startled by voices or animals, potentially leading to chest oppression and night fever. Green veins rising straight to the hairline from the outer corners of the eyes indicate weak Liver Qi. If diseased, the more green the veins and the paler the face, the more likely it is a Slow Convulsion syndrome with Cold Large Intestine. Red lips and ruddy face indicate traumatic high fever; combined with crying, it suggests Exterior Cold-Heat headache syndrome. Pressing the Taiyang (EX-HN5) acupoint reveals pulsation against the finger. Cyan cheeks and black lips, if accompanied by prior fright symptoms, indicate Fright Qi knotting and pain, requiring treatment for fright. If no prior fright, sudden cyanosis with dry lips and direct screaming indicates Spleen injury from cold foods. Pale white around the lips indicates Spleen deficiency with vomiting/diarrhea or dysentery. If vomiting/diarrhea occurs with black encircling the upper lip, death is certain. Severe dysentery causes dry whiteness along the lips. Yellow around the lips indicates Food Injury to the Spleen. Faint green at the lip corners indicates Phlegm-Damp in Spleen/Stomach, triggering Cold-Heat alternating fevers due to Spleen deficiency. Redness outside the lip corners indicates Heat in Heart/Spleen with Qi/Blood stagnation, possibly causing mouth ulcers. Light red threads on both cheeks indicate Lung Heat, leading to cough, blood failing to nourish the Heart, frequent nightmare cries, and restless sleep. Green-black encircling the eye pits indicates Liver Qi collapse and phlegm generation. Red threads rising from below to the eye corners indicate Extreme Heat in Heart/Lungs generating Carbuncle sores. Yellow eyes indicate Sticky Accumulation in Lungs. Green eyes indicate Wind-Qi in Lungs combined with Spleen Qi. Whiteness indicates Thirst syndrome; generalized yellow swelling like a ripe plum may result from diarrhea/dysentery with edema in extremities. Changing facial colors (green/red), cold earlobes, abdominal pain, and craving cold water indicate eruption of rash/pox. Green-black on both sides of ears with veins crossing the hairline indicates umbilical pain, Hernia, or Kidney Torsion. Infants aged one or two months with sudden faint green-white complexions, lying supine crying, indicate fetal infection. Non-seasonal redness or high fever, limb irritability, and hot palms/soles indicate Heart/Abdominal Heat Pain and generalized edema. Green-yellow face with shiny swollen scalp indicates Hot Gan Syndrome. Qi entering causes millet-grain sores on limbs. Faint green-yellow lips indicate Liver Wind-Heat and Spleen sliding accumulation, or abdominal pain/diarrhea. Head swelling at birth indicates insufficient fetal Qi. Dry eyes, red pupils, rubbing eyes, green-yellow face with tears indicate Wind-Gan in Liver.
The *Huiyan Guanzheng*: Pediatric Qi and complexion are difficult to describe. Only through skilled observation can one understand the details. A full yellow hue with a dull appearance and slightly white lips indicates Gan Qi. Faint yellow mixed with green indicates dual deficiency of Liver and Spleen, possibly with tidal fever or diarrhea/dysentery. In pediatric diseases, one must first examine the Spleen Qi, as this organ suffers the most illnesses. Why? Indiscriminate eating and irregular temperature intake cause damage. Diarrhea, stagnation, or dysentery lead to emaciation, often progressing to Dingxi (Abdominal Distension with Limb Wasting) or Bulu (Emaciation with Exposed Ribs) syndromes. Although these two syndromes share features like large bellies, thin legs, and dry hair, Dingxi involves parasites, while Bulu features abdominal distension with visible blue veins and undigested food.
The *Huiyan Guanzheng* analyzes forms and colors: Generally, Qi and complexion vary by season. Faint green-yellow indicates Spleen/Stomach deficiency and weakness. Observed in Spring or late Winter, it often relates to Cold-Heat or Rash/Pox. Observed in Autumn or late Summer, it often relates to vomiting/diarrhea or Malaria/Dysentery. Diseases have Yin and Yang aspects, triggered by seasonal changes. This covers general principles; remember them well.
Additionally, whiteness along the upper lip indicates vomiting. Whiteness along the lip ridge and slightly upturned lip tip indicates dysentery. Greenness at the four corners of the lips indicates diarrhea. Yellow smear under the lips indicates food injury. Blackness on the lips indicates Stomach Qi exhaustion and death. Redness under the eyes indicates restless sleep and frequent crying. Blueness in the whites of the eyes indicates fright.
The *Baosheng Lun* analyzes life and death signs in children:
Eyebrows (Wood element) – Green (Auspicious), Yellow (Indicates Cholera). Eyes (Left Taiyang, Right Taiyin) – Yellow sclera (Indicates Cold-Heat), Yellow iris (Indicates Accumulation). Fengchi/Qichi areas – Green (Wind syndrome), Red (Fever), Purple (Vomiting/Reflux). Yintang – Red (Night crying), Green (Urinary diarrhea). Shou Shang/Nian Shang – Green (Second fright), Red (Restlessness after diarrhea). Faint Yellow (Neutral). Shan Gen (Nasal root) – Green (Fever/Fright), Black or severe Yellow (Death). Ren Zhong (Philtrum) – Black (Roundworm biting heart); if sunken after long illness (Death). Cheng Jiang/Di Ge – Yellow (Cholera), Black (Wind/Rain fright), Red (Dysentery with blood). Mouth corners – Red-Yellow (Neutral), White (Spleen exhaustion), Black encircling mouth (Death). Cheeks/Jaw – Black (Saliva drooling disease), Red (Pox/Eye issues). Cheeks – Red (Cold-Heat); Right Red (Lung Heat/Wheezing); Left Red (Heart Heat/Mouth ulcers). Jin Kui (Below cheekbones) – Green (Third fright/Wind syndrome). Front of ears – Green (Fright). Taiyang acupoints – Green (First fright); Red (Blood strangury). Cheekbones – Red (Heat in all Zang); Red extending to ears/eyes (Death in 7 days).
Black encircling mouth: Death in 2 days. Black from eyebrows to eyes: Death same day. Dry black nose: Death in 2 days. Green eyebrows/Yellow eyes: Certain death. Black face/Red lips: Certain death. Green eyebrows/Black lips/Anorexia: Certain death.
The *Zhuang Family Tradition* observes pediatric Qi and complexion:
When observing pediatric Qi and complexion, first calm your own spirit, avoid distraction, and never observe immediately after waking or while crying persists.
Green face: Liver disease. Red face: Heart disease. White face: Lung disease. Yellow face: Spleen disease. Black face: Kidney disease. Green eyes: Liver Wind/Fright Epilepsy. Black behind/before ears: Kidney Heat, Wind-Deficiency, frequent crying, insomnia. Red eyes: Liver Heat Accumulation. Red threads on left forehead: Heart Heat Accumulation. White on right forehead: Lung Pathogen invading Heart / Lung Heat. Red on left cheek: Liver Heat. Red on right cheek: Kidney Heat Accumulation. Orange-yellow around mouth: Spleen Heat Accumulation. Green around mouth with veins: Fright. White around mouth: Ying/Wei Qi stagnation. Yellow eyes: Food stagnation, Gan Syndrome, Roundworms. Yellow beside philtrum: Stomach Rebellious Qi. Green face with sorrowful expression: Guest antagonism/Fright. Green philtrum: Dysentery. Red face: Cold-Heat. Red face with hot head/clear discharge: Cold-Heat/Rash/Pox. Green face with red under nostrils: Night sweating, latent Cold, Yin syndrome. Non-seasonal red/changing red: Seasonal pathogen/Fright. Yellow face with red forehead: Fright-Gan. Green-yellow face with itchy nose/dim vision: Wind-Gan. Red eyes, forceful crying, vomiting milk, cold limbs: Death. Green under eyes like horizontal needle: Death. Black circling eyes from eyebrows: Death in 7 days.
Physician Mao Bin of Changsha transmits facial color observation:
Black appearing on Nian Shou (nasal column): Fright Qi hiding in Spleen. Spreading to Fengchi: Liver Wind rebellion. Connecting to Qichi: Cold/Slippery Large Intestine. Black Yintang or ear lobes: Fatal signs. Other areas indicate Heart imbalance; follow Ying/Wei circulation and observe specific locations.
Red appearing on cheekbones: Hidden Heart Heat. Connecting to Qichi: Cold-Heat syndrome. Wheel pattern on Fengchi: Impending Acute Fright. Red on Nian Shou: Extreme Heart/Spleen Heat, mouth ulcers. Red face: Stomach Heat, dry retching, or vomiting roundworms. Red spreading from Yintang to chin: Unfavorable.
Green appearing on Fengchi: Liver Deficiency Wind. Circling Qichi: Chronic vomiting/diarrhea. On Nian Shou spreading to Yintang: Cold-Heat with Fright. Entering inner eye corners: Slow Fright Wind. Persistent Chin: Long-standing Pi Mass.
Yellow appearing on Chin: Spleen Deficiency/Gan Accumulation. Yellow on Nian Shou: Cold Large Intestine. Yellow reaching nose tip: Rectal prolapse. Yellow Fengchi: Impending Spleen Wind. Yellow Qichi: Weak Stomach/Roundworms. Yellow face: Spleen fatigue. Yellow Nian Shou/Yintang: Vomiting/Diarrhea/Spleen Deficiency. Yellow circling Jin Kui/Cheng Jiang: Spleen Toxicity/Dysentery.
White appearing on philtrum, like hanging snow: Initial Bian Zheng (developmental fever). On Wind/Qi pools: Lung congestion/Cough. On inner/outer eye corners: Qi stagnation/Accumulative diarrhea. White rising from philtrum to Nian Shou: Impending Lung Gan.
All green face: Liver Exhaustion. All red face: Heart Exhaustion. All yellow face: Spleen Exhaustion. All white face: Lung Exhaustion. All black face: Kidney Exhaustion.
Heart Exhaustion: Retracted tongue, Fish-mouth (open mouth). Kidney Exhaustion: Tendon spasms, reversed cold. Spleen Exhaustion: Stomach rebellion, undigested food. Lung Exhaustion: Panting, rectal prolapse. Liver Exhaustion: Convulsions, phlegm production.
All are fatal signs.