《巢氏病源》小儿风痉候∶小儿风痉之病，状如痫而背脊、颈项强直，是风伤太阳之经。小儿解脱或脐疮未
合，为风所伤，皆令发痉。
《千金》论曰∶温病热入肾中亦为痉，小儿病痫热盛亦为痉。凡风 、暴尸厥及鬼魇不寤皆相似，宜精察之。
故经言∶久厥则成痫。是以知似也。
《千金》又论曰∶太阳中风，重感于寒湿则变痉也。痉者，口噤不开，背强而直，如发痫之状；摇头马鸣、
腰反折。须臾十发，气息如绝，汗出如雨，时有脱。易得之者，新产妇人及余疮血脉虚竭；小儿脐风、大人凉
湿，得痉风者皆死。温病热盛入肾，小儿痫热盛皆痉。痉、喑、厥、癫皆相似，故久厥成癫。审察之，其重者，
患耳中HT HT 痛，皆风入肾经中也，不治流入肾，则喜卒然体痉直如死。皆宜服小续命汤两、三剂也。若耳痛肿
生汁，作痈疖者，乃无害也，惟风宜防耳。针耳前动脉及风府，神良。
茅先生∶小儿有因痫失调而传变候，双目上视，都不见黑睛，浑身强直。或反张如死尸，或似角弓，五
硬下黑血。此候因痫甚却变痉，调理即根据痫病。如吐痢不止，死候。大凡此候，十中无一，且图知候也。
《千金翼》疗小儿贼风急痉方。
铁屑炒使极热，投酒中饮之。
《圣惠》治小儿中风痉，项强，腰背硬，四肢拘急，牙关紧，神思昏闷。朱砂散方
朱砂（三分） 雀儿饭瓮（五枚） 蝎尾（二、七枚） 晚蚕蛾（十枚） 白附子（二枚，炮裂，为末）
上药件都研令匀细。不计时候，以薄荷酒调下一字。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿中风痉，牙关紧急，项背强直，及一切惊痫。牛黄丸方
牛黄 天竺黄 雄黄（各细研） 脑麝（研入） 犀角（屑） 干蝎（微炒） 水银（入枣肉，研星尽） 附子（炮
裂，去皮脐。以上各一分） 朱砂（细研，水飞过） 天麻（微炙） 白僵蚕（微炒） 蝉壳（微炒） 桑螵蛸（微炒）
羚羊角（屑） 香附子 白附子（炮裂） 羌活 独活 蔓荆子 麻黄（去根节） 野狐肝（微炙。以上各半两） 乌
蛇（一两，酒浸，去皮骨，炙微黄）
上件药捣，罗为末，入研了药，同研令匀，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。不计时候，以薄荷酒研下三丸。量儿大小
以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿中风痉及天 ，惊痫，一切诸风。乌蛇丸方
乌蛇（一两，酒浸，去皮、骨，炙令微黄） 天浆子（二十枚，去壳） 干蝎（一分，微炒） 黑附子（一两，炮
裂，去皮脐） 天南星 白附子（并炮裂） 天麻（微炙） 防风（去芦头） 半夏（泡洗七次，去滑。各半两）
以上九味都以酒浸，七日后取出焙干，捣罗为末。
牛黄 脑麝 朱砂 雄黄（以上四味同研如粉。各一分）
上件药都研令匀，用糯米饭和丸，如黍米大。不计时候，用薄荷汤下三丸。量儿大小以意加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿中风痉，及惊痫诸风，手足搐搦不定。乌犀丸方
乌犀角（屑） 天南星 白附子（并炮裂） 干蝎（微炒） 天麻（各一分） 白花蛇（半两，酒浸，去皮骨，炙
令微黄）
以上六味捣，罗为末，以无灰酒一小盏同入银器内，煎令稠，则入后药∶
牛黄 脑麝（并研细） 腻粉 水银（用少枣瓤研令星尽，以上各一分） 朱砂（半两，细研，水飞过） 虎睛（一
对，酒浸，微炙）
上件药七味，都研为末；入前药煎，和丸如麻子大。不计时候，用竹沥下三丸。量儿大小以意加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿中风痉及天 、惊邪、风痫。白僵蚕丸方
白僵蚕（微炒） 白附子（炮裂。各一两） 干蝎（一分，微炒） 乌蛇（酒浸，去皮、骨，炙令微黄） 天南星
（炮裂） 朱砂（细研，水飞过。各半两）
上件药捣，罗为末，都研令匀，以粳米饭和丸如麻子大。不计时候，以薄荷温酒下三丸。量儿大小以意加
减服之。
张涣通圣散 治小儿中风痉病方。
白附子（半两） 蝎尾（二十一枚） 天浆子 晚蚕蛾（各一十四枚）
以上捣，罗为细末。次入∶朱砂（一分，细研，水飞） 麝香（一钱，研）
上件拌匀，细研。每服一字至半钱，薄荷汤调入酒一滴，同调下。
张涣乌犀煎 治小儿痉病，心肺中风并宜服之。
乌犀角（屑，一两） 天南星（微炮） 天麻 白附子 白花蛇（酒浸，去皮骨，炙黄） 蝎梢（各半两）
上件为细末，用无灰酒两大盏，入银器中，慢火熬成膏如皂皂大。每服一粒，点麝香汤化下。
张涣又方狐肝膏
桑螵蛸（微炒） 麻黄（去根节，秤） 蔓荆子 乌蛇肉（酒浸一宿，焙干） 羌活 独活（各一两）
以上捣，罗为细末，次入∶朱砂（半两） 牛黄 麝香（并细研。各一分）
上件都拌匀，用野狐肝半具，石臼中同捣三、二百下成膏，如皂皂大。每服一粒，用薄荷自然汁，入酒三、
两点同化下。
张涣又方夺命散
麻黄（去根节，秤） 干全蝎（各一分） 干蛇头（一个，酒浸，炙黄） 蜈蚣（一条赤头者，酥炙黄） 草乌头
（大者一枚，炮去皮）
以上捣，罗为细末。次用∶朱砂（一分） 牛黄 脑子（各一钱，并研细）
上件一处拌匀，研极细。每服一字，温酒调下。
张涣又方天南星膏
天南星（一两，研为细末，用慢火酒熬成膏） 赤头蜈蚣（酥炙） 乌稍蛇（酒浸，焙干） 全蝎（各半两）
以上三味为细末，次用∶朱砂（一两，细研，水飞） 牛黄 麝香（并细研。各一分）
上件用天南星膏子通拌匀，于石臼中捣成膏。每服一皂皂大，用薄荷自然汁，入酒一滴同化下。
*Source: Youyou Xinshu (New Book for Children), Liu Fang, Song Dynasty. Chapter: Stroke and Spasm IV.*
**From *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (巢氏病源) on the Syndrome of Pediatric Wind Spasm:** The disease of wind spasm in children presents with symptoms similar to epilepsy, characterized by stiffness and rigidity of the back spine and neck. This indicates that wind pathogen has injured the Taiyang meridian (Taiyang channel syndrome). If a child's umbilical cord has recently detached, or if there is an umbilical ulcer that has not yet healed, invasion by wind pathogen can all lead to the onset of spasm.
**Discussion from *Qianjin Fang* (Thousand Golden Prescriptions):** It states that when the heat of warm diseases penetrates into the Kidney, it also causes spasm; similarly, when children suffer from epilepsy with excessive heat, spasm may occur. Conditions such as wind stroke, sudden collapse (Bao Shi Jue), and sleep paralysis (ghost oppression) present with similar symptoms and must be carefully differentiated. Thus, the classics state: "Prolonged Jue (reversal cold) evolves into epilepsy." Hence, these conditions are known to be similar.
**Further discussion from *Qianjin Fang*:** When Taiyang is affected by wind, and subsequently re-infected by cold-dampness, it transforms into spasm. Spasm is characterized by trismus (lockjaw) where the mouth cannot open, back stiffness and straightening, resembling an epileptic seizure; accompanied by head shaking, sounds like a horse neighing, and opisthotonos (backward arching of the back). Within a short time, ten attacks may occur, respiration becomes faint as if cut off, sweating is profuse like rain, and sometimes collapse occurs. Those prone to this condition include postpartum women and others whose blood vessels are depleted due to other ulcers. For children suffering from umbilical wind, or adults exposed to cool dampness, contracting wind-spasm is often fatal. When warm disease heat enters the Kidney, or pediatric epilepsy heat is excessive, spasm results. Spasm, aphonia, Jue, and mania share similar features, hence prolonged Jue leads to mania. Careful examination reveals that in severe cases, patients experience ear pain (textual corruption noted), indicating wind entering the Kidney meridian. If untreated, wind flows into the Kidney, causing sudden whole-body spasm and rigidity, appearing as death. In such cases, Xiao Xuming Tang (Minor Continuation Life Decoction) should be administered for two to three doses. If ear pain involves swelling and discharge forming carbuncles, it is less harmful; only wind needs prevention. Acupuncture at the arterial pulse in front of the ear and Fengfu (GV16) yields excellent results.
**Mr. Mao:** Some children develop this syndrome due to improper management of epilepsy. Symptoms include eyes rolling upward, completely obscuring the black pupil, and whole-body rigidity. The body may arch backward like a corpse or resemble bow-string tension (opisthotonos), with black blood flowing from the "Five Hardness" areas. This syndrome arises when severe epilepsy transforms into spasm; treatment should follow the principles for managing epilepsy. However, if vomiting and diarrhea persist, it is a sign of impending death. Generally, fewer than one in ten survive this syndrome; this description is recorded for identification purposes.
**Prescription from *Qianjin Yi Fang* (Supplement to Thousand Golden Prescriptions) for Pediatric Sudden Wind Spasm:**
Stir-fry iron filings until extremely hot, then throw them into wine for the child to drink.
**From *Taiping Shenghui Fang* (Holy惠民 Formulas of the Taiping Era) for Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm:**
Symptoms: Neck stiffness, rigid back and waist, limb contracture and urgency, tight jaw, and dull/confused mental state.
**Zhusha San (Cinnabar Powder):**
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 3 fen)
- Que'er Fenweng (Sparrow's Rice Jar/Earthenware, 5 pieces)
- Xie Wei (Scorpion Tail, 2-7 pieces)
- Wan Can'e (Late Silkworm Moth, 10 pieces)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, 2 pieces, processed/cracked, powdered)
Grind all ingredients uniformly to a fine powder. Administer at any time, mixed with Bohe Jiu (Mint Wine), dosage of one "zi". Adjust according to the child's age and size.
**From *Taiping Shenghui Fang* for Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm:**
Symptoms: Tight jaw, stiff neck and back, and all types of fright epilepsy.
**Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill):**
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Tianzhu Huang (Bambusae Concretio Silicea)
- Xionghuang (Realgar, finely ground)
- Nao She (Camphora and Moschus, ground in)
- Xi Jiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved)
- Gan Xie (Dry Scorpion, slightly fried)
- Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum, ground with jujube flesh until no silver stars remain)
- Fuzi (Prepared Aconitum Lateralis Radix, peeled and de-navelled. Each 1 fen)
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, finely ground, water-washed)
- Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma, slightly roasted)
- Bai Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus, slightly fried)
- Chan Qiao (Cicada Slough, slightly fried)
- Sangpiaoxiao (Ovi Mantisidis, slightly fried)
- Lingyang Jiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved)
- Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, processed)
- Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix)
- Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix)
- Manjingzi (Vittaginis Fructus)
- Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed)
- Yehuogan (Fox Liver, slightly roasted. Each 0.5 liang)
- Wushe (Zaocys, 1 liang, soaked in wine, skin and bones removed, roasted slightly yellow)
Crush and sieve the herbs into powder. Mix with the previously ground ingredients uniformly. Blend with refined honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Administer three pills at any time, dissolved in Mint Wine. Adjust dosage based on the child's age.
**From *Taiping Shenghui Fang* for Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm and Tian Diao (Heavenly Hook/Fright Epilepsy):**
Symptoms: All types of wind.
**Wushe Wan (Zaocys Pill):**
- Wushe (Zaocys, 1 liang, soaked in wine, skin/bones removed, roasted yellow)
- Tianjiangzi (Tetragastris Panamensis Fruit, 20 pieces, shelled)
- Gan Xie (Dry Scorpion, 1 fen, slightly fried)
- Hei Fuzi (Black Prepared Aconite, 1 liang, processed, peeled/de-navelled)
- Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, both processed)
- Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma, slightly roasted)
- Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, removed rhizome)
- Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked/washed 7 times, removed slime. Each 0.5 liang)
Soak the above nine herbs in wine for seven days, remove, dry, crush, and sieve.
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Nao She (Camphora and Moschus)
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris)
- Xionghuang (Realgar. These four ground together into powder. Each 1 fen)
Mix all powders uniformly. Bind with glutinous rice paste to form pills the size of millet seeds. Administer three pills at any time with Mint Decoction. Adjust dosage based on the child's age.
**From *Taiping Shenghui Fang* for Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm and Fright Epilepsy:**
Symptoms: Indefinite twitching of hands and feet.
**Wuxi Wan (Black Rhinoceros Horn Pill):**
- Wuxijiao (Black Rhinoceros Horn, shaved)
- Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, both processed)
- Gan Xie (Dry Scorpion, slightly fried)
- Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma. Each 1 fen)
- Baihuashe (Bungarus multicinctus, 0.5 liang, soaked in wine, skin/bones removed, roasted yellow)
Crush and sieve the above six herbs. Simmer with one small cup of pure wine in a silver vessel until thick. Then add:
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Nao She (Camphora and Moschus, both finely ground)
- Nifen (Calomelas)
- Shuiyin (Hydrargyrum, ground with jujube pulp until no stars remain. Each 1 fen)
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 0.5 liang, finely ground, water-washed)
- Hu Jing (Tiger Eye, a pair, soaked in wine, slightly roasted)
Grind the seven ingredients into powder. Mix with the simmered liquid to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Administer three pills at any time with Bamboo Juice (Zhuli). Adjust dosage based on the child's age.
**From *Taiping Shenghui Fang* for Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm, Tian Diao, Fright Evil, and Wind Epilepsy:**
**Baijiangcan Wan (White僵蚕 Pill):**
- Baijiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus, slightly fried)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, processed. Each 1 liang)
- Gan Xie (Dry Scorpion, 1 fen, slightly fried)
- Wushe (Zaocys, soaked in wine, skin/bones removed, roasted yellow)
- Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, processed)
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, finely ground, water-washed. Each 0.5 liang)
Crush, sieve, and grind uniformly. Bind with japonica rice paste to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Administer three pills at any time with warm Mint Wine. Adjust dosage based on the child's age.
**Zhang Huan's Tongsheng San:**
For Pediatric Wind Stroke Spasm.
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root, 0.5 liang)
- Xie Wei (Scorpion Tail, 21 pieces)
- Tianjiangzi (Tetragastris Panamensis Fruit)
- Wan Can'e (Late Silkworm Moth. Each 14 pieces)
Crush and sieve into fine powder. Add:
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 1 fen, finely ground, water-washed)
- Shexiang (Moschus, 1 qian, ground)
Mix well and grind finely. Take one "zi" to half a qian per dose. Mix with Mint Decoction and a drop of wine.
**Zhang Huan's Wuxi Jian:**
For Pediatric Spasm, suitable for Wind-Stroke affecting Heart and Lung.
- Wuxijiao (Black Rhinoceros Horn, shaved, 1 liang)
- Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, slightly processed)
- Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma)
- Baifuzi (Aconitum Carmichaelii Dehulled Root)
- Baihuashe (Bungarus multicinctus, soaked in wine, skin/bones removed, roasted yellow)
- Xie Shao (Scorpion Tail Tip. Each 0.5 liang)
Grind into fine powder. Use two large cups of pure wine in a silver vessel, slow-fire boil into a paste the size of soap pods. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in Camphor Water.
**Zhang Huan's Another Formula: Fox Liver Paste**
- Sangpiaoxiao (Ovi Mantisidis, slightly fried)
- Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots/joints removed, weighed)
- Manjingzi (Vittaginis Fructus)
- Wushe Rou (Zaocys Meat, soaked in wine overnight, dried)
- Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix)
- Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix. Each 1 liang)
Crush and sieve into fine powder. Add:
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 0.5 liang)
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Shexiang (Moschus. Both finely ground. Each 1 fen)
Mix uniformly. Pound half a wild fox liver in a stone mortar 300-200 times into a paste the size of soap pods. Take one pill per dose, dissolve in natural Mint Juice with 2-3 drops of wine.
**Zhang Huan's Another Formula: Duoming San (Life-Seizing Powder)**
- Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots/joints removed, weighed)
- Gan Quanxie (Dry Whole Scorpion. Each 1 fen)
- Gan Shetou (Dry Snake Head, one piece, soaked in wine, roasted yellow)
- Wugong (Scolopendra, one red-headed piece, fried in butter until yellow)
- Caowutou (Great Aconite Root, one large piece, processed, peeled)
Crush and sieve into fine powder. Add:
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 1 fen)
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Naonao (Camphora. Each 1 qian, both finely ground)
Mix and grind extremely fine. Take one "zi" per dose, mix with warm wine.
**Zhang Huan's Another Formula: Tiannanxing Gao (Arisaema Paste)**
- Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, 1 liang, ground to powder, boiled with slow-fire wine into paste)
- Chitou Wugong (Red-headed Scolopendra, fried in butter)
- Wushaoshe (Zaocys, soaked in wine, dried)
- Quanxie (Whole Scorpion. Each 0.5 liang)
Grind the above three into fine powder. Add:
- Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 1 liang, finely ground, water-washed)
- Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis)
- Shexiang (Moschus. Both finely ground. Each 1 fen)
Mix thoroughly with the Arisaema paste. Pound in a stone mortar into a paste. Take one soap-pod sized amount per dose, dissolve in natural Mint Juice with one drop of wine.