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*Qianjin Fang* (Thousand Gold Formulas) records: The diseases of children are not different from those of adults, with the only exception being the dosage of medication. The eight or nine chapters concerning *jingxian* (convulsions and epilepsy), *ketu* (sudden fright/illness caused by unexpected visitors), *jielu* (separation of cranial sutures), inability to walk, etc., are combined into one volume. Other formulas, such as those for dysentery, are scattered among various chapters and can be found by consulting them.

Ge Hong (courtesy name Zhichuan), in the "Continued Ancient Preface" recorded in *Zhouhou Beiji Fang* (Handbook of Prescriptions for Emergencies), states: Observing that the dosages of medicinal ingredients and the measurements for acupuncture/moxibustion points in ancient prescriptions differ, this is likely because human bodies have varied in size across eras, and the viscera and blood vessels also differ. Therefore, please judge and adjust according to your own understanding. The dosages of medicinal ingredients have already been clarified in the ancient preface; simply match them according to the amount taken. One might convert one *fen* to two *fen*, or one *zhu* to two *zhu*; using a cup (*zhan*) instead of a *sheng* (a unit of volume) is acceptable. For example, in the *Ziwan* (Purple Pill) formula at the end of the middle volume, *Daizhe Shi* (Hematite) and *Chishizhi* (Red Halloysite) are each used in amounts of one *liang*, *Badou* (Croton Seed) forty grains, and *Xingren* (Apricot Seed) fifty pieces. A child taking an amount the size of a hemp seed, or a hundred-day-old infant taking an amount the size of a small bean, would receive a sufficient dose. If converted to two *zhu* and four *zhu*, with four grains of *Badou* and five pieces of *Xingren*, it could treat more than ten children; this illustrates such proportional reasoning. For moxibustion measurements, one may use the middle joint of the left or right middle finger of the patient as the standard. Medicines with toxic properties, akin to wild wolves and tigers, are used only for emergency life-saving measures. In cases of sudden poisoning, one should hastily dig a small pit, fill it with water, stir thoroughly, allow it to settle slightly, and drink this water to detoxify oneself; this water is called *Di Jiang* (Earth Slurry). This specific explanation is added after the title commentary.

*Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Pieces of Gold) records: Whenever a person feels slightly unwell or notices their condition deviating from the norm, they must report it early. If endured silently without treatment, the condition will worsen significantly, especially in children and women.

*Tongying Baojian* (Precious Mirror for Infants and Children) states: Humans are endowed with Yin and Yang Qi, and diseases arise in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). However, adult conditions are easier to diagnose, while pediatric conditions are harder to treat. Huangdi (Yellow Emperor) said: "I cannot fully examine the young, as they belong to a separate category requiring distinct management." This is not discussed in the *Huangdi Tu Jing* (Yellow Emperor's Atlas Classic). (Huangdi and Qibo wrote the *Suwen* (Basic Questions), discussing only the twelve meridians of adults, not children. Huangdi said: "I do not examine the young; relying on state-sponsored shamanic methods, though seemingly unorthodox, reveals the essentials of lifespan.") It further states: "Children are like bubbles in water or dew on grass blades; therefore, when using exterior-releasing medications, one must not act rashly." This is because children's viscera are delicate, their Blood and Qi are weak, their body tissues are not dense, and their Spirit has not yet fully developed, hence they are difficult to treat. Some say: Those just born are called *Ying'er* (infants), three-year-olds are called *Xiao'er* (children), and ten-year-olds are called *Tongzi* (boys/children). Their sizes vary greatly, and one cannot apply medications indiscriminately. One must clearly understand how to care for and observe physical signs, determine prognosis, inspect the depth of the illness, and know the cold and warm nature of medicines, to become a master physician of one's generation.