《圣惠》∶夫小儿热疮者，是诸阳气在表。阳气盛则表热，小儿解脱腠理开，则为风邪所客，风热相搏，留
于皮肤则生疮。初作瘭浆黄汁出，风多则痒，热多则痛，血气乘之则多脓血，故名热疮也。
《千金》治小儿热疮水银膏方
水银 胡粉 松脂（各三分）
上三味，以猪脂四升煎松脂，水气尽，下二物，搅令匀，不见水银以敷之。
陈藏器治小儿赤白游疹，火焱热疮。
上捣马藻绞汁服，去暴热热痢，止渴。（生水上，如马齿相连。）
刘禹锡《传信方》乱发鸡子膏 主孩子热疮。
上以鸡子五枚，去白取黄，乱发如鸡子许大。二味相和于铁铫子中，炭火熬。初甚干，少顷即发焦，遂有
液出，旋取置一瓷碗中，以液尽为度。取涂热疮上，即以苦参末粉之。顷在武陵生子蓐内便有热疮，因阅本
草至发 。《本经》云∶合鸡子黄煎之，消为水，疗小儿惊热下痢。注云∶俗中妪母为小儿作鸡子煎，用
发杂熬，良久得汁，与小儿服，去痰热，主百病。用发皆取久梳头乱者。
《圣惠》治小儿热疮生于身体。黄芩散方
黄芩（三分） 石膏 柴胡（去苗） 川大黄（锉碎，炒） 川升麻（各一两） 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 元参（各
半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏煎至五分，去滓放温，量儿大小分减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿身上生热疮，心躁，皮肤 疼。枳壳散方
枳壳（麸炒微黄，去瓤） 甘草（炙，锉） 黄连（去须。各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服以蜜水调下半钱，量儿加减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿热毒疮。栀子膏方
栀子仁 川升麻 蛇衔 黄芩（各一两） 犀角（屑，三分） 蓝叶（切，五合） 生地黄（二两）
上件药细锉，以猪脂一斤半同入铛内，于微火上煎十余沸，滤去滓膏成，于瓷盒中盛，涂于故帛上贴之。
《圣惠》治小儿热疮黄脓出。黄芩膏方
黄芩（一两半） 水银（入少水与胡粉同研，令星尽矣） 川大黄（各一两） 黄柏 栀子仁 黄连（去须） 胡
粉（各三分） 竹叶（二两） 生地黄（二两半）
上件药除水银、胡粉外，并锉如豆大，以新绵裹，用猪脂一斤半入铛内，于慢火上煎十余沸，候药色紫去
绵，以布绞取汁候凝，下水银、胡粉。以柳木篦搅令匀，膏成以瓷盒盛，日夜三四度涂之。
《圣惠》又方
黄柏 白矾（烧令汁尽。各一两）
上件药捣，细罗为散，敷于疮上，日三用之。
《圣惠》又方
黄连（半两，去须为末） 腻粉（一分）
上件药研令匀，以诸菜汁和，涂于疮上，日三用之。
《圣惠》又方
上以豆豉炒干，捣末敷之。《婴孺》仍先数煮桃叶浴之。
《圣惠》又方
上以伏龙肝捣末，用鸡子白和涂之。
张涣青砂散方 治身体头面热毒疮。
青黛（研） 朱砂（细研。各一两） 硫黄（研） 水银（以枣瓤研令星尽。各半两） 胡粉（研） 赤小豆（各
一两）
上件拌匀研细，每用少许，用生油、腻粉调涂患处。
《惠眼观证》芭蕉散 涂退丹毒热疮方。
寒水石（ 过） 蚌粉
上为末，用芭蕉汁调涂，鹅翎扫之。
《张氏家传》治小儿生大血泡疮。黑圣丸（云和尚方）
草乌（三十二两米泔浸三宿，洗去皮尖，簿切晒干） 甘草（切，焙） 零陵香 藿香（各洗，锉，晒） 茅香 五
灵脂（洗去沙土，晒，各四两） 荆芥（三两，锉，日晒） 没药（入白瓦盏内） 川芎 石膏（入伏龙肝五两，乃灶
下红土，加些不假，细末。各一两） 血竭（如无，用乳香钵内研细，研时口中念元胡索字并是，用二两）
上件前药，各有过度，为末，用好酒糊为丸如大梧桐子，阴干，磨第一等墨染过，入些乳香在墨内，亦阴
干甚佳，都干了，用葛布袋盛之，当风处。非但治头风疼，伤寒进饮食，大小儿生大血泡疮，并治肿处，醋
磨贴之。治牙痛，更治血风。有妊妇人不可服。
《庄氏家传》治身生大疮方。
黄丹（一两） 腻粉（一钱匕）
上研匀，嚼仁取汁，调药敷之。
《王氏手集》治小儿疳热诸疮不瘥方。（鲁直）
上取驴前蹄一只，自沥水之下烧过为末，入少麝香，湿敷，干油涂。
《吉氏家传》治生下一百二十日内，身上或头上遍身痈疖赤光肿，先用镇心散，后用贴肿药（方见急惊风门中，
吉氏方用同。）
上用蓖麻子不拘多少，去壳烂研成膏，贴在肿处内自消，赤肿结成者，贴得破。
安师传治小儿热毒疮方。
生硫黄（一钱） 槟榔（一两）
上同为细末，油调敷之立效。凡欲用药，先烂捣丝瓜儿罨一宿，次日敷贴。
*Shenghui Fang* records: The so-called pediatric heat sores (Re Chuang) are caused by the accumulation of Yang Qi on the exterior. When Yang Qi is abundant, the exterior becomes hot. Due to the loose texture of children's skin and open pores (Cou Li), wind pathogens invade easily. Wind and heat contend with each other, remaining in the skin, thereby generating sores. Initially, pustules appear with yellow exudate; if wind predominates, there is itching; if heat predominates, there is pain. If blood and Qi are affected by the pathogen, excessive pus and blood are produced, hence the name "heat sore."
*Qianjin Fang* formula for Shuiyin Gao (Mercury Ointment) to treat pediatric heat sores:
Mercury (Shuiyin), Lead Carbonate (Hufen), Pine Resin (Songzhi) (each 3 fen).
The above three ingredients are processed by boiling Pine Resin in 4 sheng of lard until all moisture evaporates. Then add the other two ingredients, stir until uniform, until no visible mercury particles remain, and apply externally.
Chen Cangqi's method for treating pediatric erysipelas-like rashes (Chi Bai You Zhen) and flame-like heat sores:
Crush *Hydrocharis dubia* (Ma Zao), squeeze out the juice, and administer orally. It removes sudden heat and heat-type dysentery, and relieves thirst. (*Hydrocharis dubia* grows on water surfaces, resembling linked horse teeth.)
Liu Yuxi's *Chuanxin Fang* formula for Luanfa Jizi Gao (Ragged Hair Egg Yolk Ointment), primarily for childhood heat sores.
Take five eggs, separate the yolks from the whites. Take a clump of ragged hair roughly the size of an egg yolk. Mix these two ingredients in an iron pot and simmer over charcoal fire. Initially dry, it will soon scorch, releasing liquid. Collect the liquid into a porcelain bowl until extraction is complete. Apply this liquid to the heat sores, then dust with powder of *Sophora flavescens* (Kushen). Previously, while confined to bed after childbirth in Wuling, I developed heat sores. Reading herbal texts regarding hair, I found that the *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: Cooking hair with egg yolk transforms it into water, treating pediatric convulsive fever and dysentery. Annotations mention that folk midwives prepare "Egg Yolk Decoction" for children by simmering hair for a long time to extract juice, which clears phlegm-heat and treats various ailments. The hair used should be loose strands from long-term combing.
*Shenghui Fang* formula for Huangqin San (Scutellaria Powder) to treat heat sores on the body.
*Scutellaria baicalensis* (Huangqin) (3 fen), Gypsum (Shigao), Bupleurum (Chaihu) (remove seedlings), Sichuan Rhubarb (Chuan Dahuang) (crushed, fried), Cimicifuga (Chuan Shengma) (each 1 liang), Licorice (Gancao) (roasted until slightly red, crushed), Scrophularia (Yuanshen) (each 0.5 liang).
Pulverize the above herbs and sieve coarsely to make a powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in one small cup of water until reduced to half a cup, filter, and let cool to warm. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and condition.
*Shenghui Fang* formula for Zhike San (Citrus Aurantium Powder) to treat heat sores on the body accompanied by mental restlessness and skin pain.
Bitter Orange (Zhike) (bran-fried until slightly yellow, remove pith), Licorice (Gancao) (roasted, crushed), Coptis (Huanglian) (remove roots, each 0.5 liang).
Pulverize the above herbs and sieve finely to make a powder. Take half a qian per dose, mixed with honey water, adjusting dosage according to the child's condition.
*Shenghui Fang* formula for Zhizi Gao (Gardenia Ointment) to treat pediatric heat-toxin sores.
Gardenia Fruit (Zhizi Ren), Cimicifuga (Chuan Shengma), *Patrinia villosa* (She Xian), *Scutellaria baicalensis* (Huangqin) (each 1 liang), Rhinoceros Horn (Xijiao) (shaved, 3 fen), Isatis Leaf (Lanye) (chopped, 5 he), Rehmannia Root (Sheng Dihuang) (2 liang).
Finely chop the above herbs and simmer with 1.5 jin of lard in a pan over low heat for about ten boils. Filter out the dregs to form the ointment. Store in a porcelain box and apply via old cloth patches.
*Shenghui Fang* formula for Huangqin Gao (Scutellaria Ointment) to treat pediatric heat sores with yellow purulent discharge.
*Scutellaria baicalensis* (Huangqin) (1.5 liang), Mercury (Shuiyin) (mixed with a little water and Lead Carbonate/Hufen, ground until mercury stars disappear), Sichuan Rhubarb (Chuan Dahuang) (each 1 liang), Phellodendron (Huangbai), Gardenia Fruit (Zhizi Ren), Coptis (Huanglian) (remove roots), Lead Carbonate (Hufen) (each 3 fen), Bamboo Leaves (Zhuye) (2 liang), Rehmannia Root (Sheng Dihuang) (2.5 liang).
Except for Mercury and Lead Carbonate, chop the remaining herbs into bean-sized pieces. Wrap in new cotton, place in a pan with 1.5 jin of lard, and simmer slowly for about ten boils. When the medicine turns purple, remove the cotton bag and squeeze the juice through cloth. Allow to cool and solidify, then add Mercury and Lead Carbonate. Stir uniformly with a willow stick. Store the finished ointment in a porcelain box and apply 3-4 times daily.
*Shenghui Fang*, another prescription:
Phellodendron (Huangbai), Alum (Baifan) (burned until liquid drains, each 1 liang).
Pulverize the above herbs, sieve finely, and apply to the sores three times daily.
*Shenghui Fang*, another prescription:
Coptis (Huanglian) (0.5 liang, remove roots and powder), Calomel (Nifen) (1 fen).
Grind the above ingredients uniformly, mix with vegetable juices, and apply to the sores three times daily.
*Shenghui Fang*, another prescription:
Fry Fermented Soybeans (Douchi) until dry, powder, and apply. *Yingru Shu* suggests bathing frequently with peach leaf decoction beforehand.
*Shenghui Fang*, another prescription:
Powder Dragon's Liver Earth (Fulonggan), mix with egg white, and apply.
Zhang Huan's Qingsha San (Azurite Powder) for treating heat-toxin sores on the body, head, and face.
Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai) (ground), Cinnabar (Zhusha) (finely ground, each 1 liang), Sulfur (Liuhuang) (ground), Mercury (Shuiyin) (ground with date pulp until stars disappear, each 0.5 liang), Lead Carbonate (Hufen) (ground), Adzuki Bean (Chixiaodou) (each 1 liang).
Mix and grind finely. Apply a small amount mixed with raw sesame oil and Calomel to the affected area.
*Huiyan Guanzheng* Bajiao San (Plantain Powder) for applying to reduce erysipelas and heat sores.
Calcined Aragonite (Hanshuishi) (calcined), Pearl Powder (Bangfen).
Grind into powder, mix with Plantain juice, apply, and sweep with a goose feather.
*Zhangshi Jiazhan* Heisheng Wan (Black Holy Pill) for treating large blood blister sores in children (said to be a monk's prescription):
Aconite Root (Caowu) (32 liang, soaked in rice water for three nights, washed, peel and tips removed, thinly sliced and dried), Licorice (Gancao) (sliced, baked), *Lingzhi Fragrant Grass* (Linglingxiang), Agastache (Huoxiang) (each washed, chopped, dried), *Acorus tatarinowii* (Maoxiang), Trogopterus Dung (Wulingzhi) (washed to remove sand, dried, each 4 liang), Schizonepeta (Jingjie) (3 liang, chopped, sun-dried), Myrrh (Moyao) (placed in a white clay bowl), Ligusticum (Chuanxiong), Gypsum (Shigao) (mixed with 5 liang of Dragon's Liver Earth/Fulonggan, i.e., red soil from under the stove, add freely, finely powdered, each 1 liang), Dragon's Blood (Xuexie) (if unavailable, use Frankincense/Ruxiang ground fine in a mortar; chant "Yuanhusuo" while grinding with sincerity, use 2 liang).
Process each herb as specified, grind into powder, bind with good wine paste into pills the size of large paulownia seeds. Dry in shade. For coating, grind high-quality ink with added frankincense, also dry in shade. Store in a nettle fiber bag and hang in a ventilated place. This not only treats headache due to wind-stroke, poor appetite after cold damage, and large blood blister sores in children, but also reduces swelling when applied with vinegar. It also treats toothache and blood-wind disorders. Contraindicated in pregnancy.
*Zhuangshi Jiazhan* formula for treating large sores on the body:
Lead Monoxide (Huandan) (1 liang), Calomel (Nifen) (1 qianbi).
Grind uniformly, chew apricot kernels to extract juice, mix with the medicine, and apply.
*Wangshi Shouji* formula for treating persistent sores due to pediatric malnutrition-heat (by Luzhi).
Take one front trotter of a donkey, burn it below a dripping water source, grind to powder, add a little Musk (Shexiang). Apply wet, and cover with oil when dry.
*Jishi Jiazhan* for treating widespread carbuncles and boils with bright red swelling on the body or head within 120 days of birth. First use Zhenxin San, then apply swelling-reducing patches (formula see Emergency Convulsion section, same as Ji Shi's formula).
Use Castor Seeds (Bimazi) as needed, remove shells, crush into paste, and apply to the swollen area to resolve internally. If hardened red swelling forms, application will cause rupture.
An Shi's transmitted formula for pediatric heat-toxin sores:
Native Sulfur (Sheng Liuhuang) (1 qian), Betel Nut (Binglang) (1 liang).
Grind together into fine powder, mix with oil and apply for immediate effect. Before applying medication, first mash and apply young loofah sponge overnight, then apply the next day.