《巢氏病源》小儿羸瘦候∶夫羸瘦不生肌肤，皆为脾胃不和，不能饮食，故血气衰弱，不能荣卫于肌肤。凡
小儿在胎而遇寒冷，或生而挟伏热，皆令儿不能饮食，故羸瘦也。挟热者，即温壮身热，肌肉微黄∶其挟冷者，
实时时下痢，唇口青 。
《外台》∶《短剧》疗四、五岁儿，因食及在胎中宿热，乳母饮食粗恶辛苦，乳汁不起，儿哺不为肌肤。心腹痞满，
痿黄瘦瘠，四肢痿 ，缭戾，服之令充悦方。
芍药（一钱，炙令黄） 黄 鳖甲 人参（各四分） 柴胡（八分） 茯苓（六分） 甘
草（炙） 干姜（各二分，如热以枳实代）
上八味捣筛，蜜和丸如大豆。服五丸，日三服。忌如常法。《千金》有大黄无黄 ，云服一丸。一岁以上，
乳服三丸。七岁儿服十丸，日二。
《外台》∶《千金》疗小儿羸瘦 ，常服不妨乳方。
上用甘草五两炙，捣、筛，蜜丸如小豆。一岁儿服十丸，日三。尽即更合。
《圣惠》治小儿羸瘦，脾胃气弱，挟于宿食，不欲乳食，四肢不和。诃梨散方
诃梨勒皮 陈橘皮（汤洗去白瓤，焙。各半两） 黄 （锉） 人参（去芦头） 白术 藿
香桂心 白茯苓（各一两） 甘草（炙微赤，锉，半分）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入生姜少许，枣一枚，煎至五分，去滓温服，日三、四服。
量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿羸瘦，脾胃虚冷，四肢不和，少欲乳食。丁香散
丁香 桂心 白术 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 高良姜（各一分） 人参（去芦头） 白茯苓 陈橘皮（汤浸，去
白瓤，焙） 浓朴（去粗皮，涂生姜汁，炙令香熟。各半两）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入枣一枚，煎至五分，去滓。量儿大小，分减温服。日
三、四服。
《圣惠》治小儿羸瘦体热，面色痿黄，不欲乳食。黄 丸方
黄 （锉） 赤芍药 人参（去芦头） 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 胡黄连（各半两） 麦门
冬（去心，焙） 鳖甲（涂醋、炙令黄，去裙 。各一两） 柴胡（去苗，三分）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如麻子大。不计时候，以粥饮下五丸。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿羸瘦体热，心神烦闷，小便赤黄。宜服秦艽丸方
秦艽（去苗） 桑皮（锉） 枳壳（麸炒微黄，去瓤） 地骨皮 黄 （锉） 人参（去
芦头） 赤茯苓 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 犀角（屑。各半两） 龙胆（去芦头，一分） 柴胡（三分，去苗）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。不计时候，用粥饮下五丸。更随儿大小加减。
《圣惠》治小儿虽食，不着肌肤，羸瘦骨热，小便赤黄。麦门冬丸方
麦门冬（去心，焙。一两） 人参 黄 （锉） 青蒿子 黄连（去须） 桑皮 枳
壳（麸炒微黄，去瓤） 地骨皮（各半两） 柴胡（去苗，三分）
上件药捣，罗为末，炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。不计时候，以熟水研下五丸。量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿羸瘦体热，乳食全少。宜服烧黄瓜丸方
黄瓜（大者一枚） 陈皮（汤浸去白瓤，焙） 黄连（去须。各半两） 鳖甲（童子小便浸
三宿，炙微黄，去裙 ） 胡黄连 柴胡（去苗。各一两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。以黄瓜切开头去瓤，内药末令满。以切下盖子盖之，用荞麦面和溲，固济可浓三分，
于塘灰火内烧令面焦黄为度。取出去面放冷，入麝香一钱，都研和丸如绿豆大。每服食前米饮下七丸。更量
儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿脾气不和，食少无力，肌肤羸瘦。温脾散方
诃梨勒皮 人参（去芦头。各三分） 白术 木香 黄 （锉） 白茯苓 藿香 陈皮
（汤浸，去白瓤，焙） 桔梗（去芦头。各半两） 甘草（炙微赤，锉，一分）
上件药捣，粗罗为散。每服一钱，以水一小盏，入生姜少许，枣一枚，煎至五分，去滓。不计时候，量儿
大小增减，温服。
《圣惠》治小儿脾胃久虚，吃食减少，四肢羸瘦。五香煎方
丁香 沉香 木香 藿香 白术（各一两） 麝香（三钱，细研入） 白茯苓 陈皮（汤浸，去白
瓤，焙） 黄 （锉。各一两） 诃梨勒皮 甘草（炙微赤，锉。各半两）
上件药捣，筛为散。以水五升，慢火煎至一升，以布绞汁，却入锅内，煎麝香及蜜三合，生姜汁半合，枣
肉二十枚，慢火熬成膏。每服以粥饮调下半茶匙。量儿大小以意加减。
《婴孺》治小儿羸瘦，食进少，不生肌肉，下焦冷。鸡骨丸
宿黄雌鸡（取胸前及胁骨一具，净去肉，令干，酒浸一宿，炙令黄） 甘草 小草（各炙
三分） 蜣螂（五个，炙） 桔梗 白术 茯苓 芍药（各四分） 人参 黄芩（各五分） 槟榔（六分）
上为末，蜜丸小豆大。三岁儿十五丸，日再服。
《婴孺》治小儿胃气不调，不嗜食，不生肌肉。大黄丸方
大黄 干地黄 茯苓 当归 柴胡 杏仁（各三分）
上为末，蜜丸麻子大。饮下五丸，日进三服。
《张氏家传》解小儿肌热，或时泄泻及有积滞，不思饮食，肌肉消瘦。宜服猪肚丸
鳖甲（一两，用童子小便并醋共一升，热浸，炙尽为度） 白术 薯蓣（各一两） 胡
黄连 人参（去芦头） 青橘皮 紫菀（去土） 桃仁（去双
仁，汤浸，去皮尖） 木香 甘草（炙。各半两） 柴胡（去芦头，一两一分）
上件药捣，罗为末。入在净猪肚内系定，煮令极烂为度。出，与药同杵，令粘丸如梧桐子大。每服二十、
三十丸，不计时候，温水饮下。
《张氏家传》香甲丸 治男子、妇人、童男、室女气血虚疏，肌肤消瘦，百节痛，潮作温，五心烦热，四肢逆
冷，可思饮食，中满气滞，妇人经血凝涩。建脾胃，畅神气，充肌肤，泽颜色。
柴胡 生干地黄 荆三棱（各三分） 鳖甲（醋煮黄） 神曲（炒） 杏仁 熟干地黄 麦 （炒。各一两） 牛
膝木香 姜黄 当归（各半两） 白术 芎（各一分）
上为细末，白面糊丸如梧桐子大。每服十丸，空心茶清下，或米饮亦得。
《圣惠》灸法∶小儿羸瘦，食饮少，不生肌肤，灸胃俞穴各一壮。在第十二椎下两旁各一寸半陷者中，炷如
小麦大。（《婴童宝鉴》。灸三壮。）
Chao Yuanfang's *Bingyuan* (Source of Diseases), "Emaciation in Children" section: Any condition characterized by emaciation and failure to gain flesh is due to disharmony of the Spleen and Stomach, inability to eat, leading to deficiency of Qi and Blood, which fails to nourish the skin and muscles. If a fetus encounters cold during gestation, or if heat lingers after birth, it will cause the infant to be unable to feed, resulting in emaciation. Those with accompanying heat present with elevated body temperature and slightly yellowish muscles; those with accompanying cold present immediately with diarrhea and bluish lips and mouth.
*Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies) citing *Duanju*: Treats four- or five-year-old children who, due to improper diet or lingering fetal heat, combined with a wet nurse's rough and bitter diet leading to insufficient milk, fail to gain flesh despite feeding. Symptoms include epigastric and abdominal fullness and distension, sallow and emaciated complexion, flaccidity of the four limbs, and limb deformities. Administration of this formula will make the body plump and healthy.
Shaoyao (Corydalis Rhizome, 1 qian, stir-baked until yellow) Huangqi (Astragalus Root) Biejia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) [each 4 fen] Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 8 fen) Fuling (Poria, 6 fen) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked) Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 2 fen each; replace with Zhishi if heat pattern).
The above eight ingredients are crushed, sieved, and mixed with honey to form pills the size of soybeans. Take 5 pills per dose, three times daily. Observe usual dietary restrictions. *Qianjin Fang* includes Dahuang but excludes Huangqi, stating one pill per dose. For infants over one year old, take 3 pills with breast milk. For seven-year-old children, take 10 pills, twice daily.
*Waitai Miyao* citing *Qianjin Fang*: A formula for treating childhood emaciation that can be taken regularly without interfering with breastfeeding.
Take 5 liang of Gancao, stir-bake, crush, sieve, and mix with honey to form pills the size of small beans. One-year-old infants take 10 pills, three times daily. Prepare more when finished.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation due to weak Spleen and Stomach Qi, retention of undigested food, aversion to milk and solid food, and discomfort in the four limbs. Helixi San Formula.
Helixi Pi (Pericarpium Terminaliae Chebulae) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, washed with water to remove white pith, dried; each half liang) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) Fuling (Poria; each 1 liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced, half fen).
Crush the above herbs, sift into a coarse powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct with one small cup of water, a little fresh ginger, and one jujube, reduce to half a cup, strain, and take warm. Three to four times daily. Adjust according to the child's age and size.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation due to Spleen and Stomach deficiency-cold, discomfort in the four limbs, and reduced appetite. Dingxiang San Formula.
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced) Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma; each 1 fen) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome) Fuling (Poria) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, bark removed, coated with fresh ginger juice, stir-baked until fragrant; each half liang).
Crush the above herbs, sift into a coarse powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct with one small cup of water and one jujube, reduce to half a cup, strain. Adjust dosage based on the child's size, take warm. Three to four times daily.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation with internal heat, sallow complexion, and aversion to milk and food. Huangqi Wan Formula.
Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced) Chishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced) Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma var. chinensis? No, Coptidis Rhizoma is Huanglian, Huhuanglian is Picrorhizae Rhizoma; here likely Picrorhizae Rhizoma) [each half liang] Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, core removed, dried) Biejia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, coated with vinegar, stir-baked until yellow, skirt removed; each 1 liang) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed sprouts, 3 fen).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take at any time, wash down with five pills using millet gruel broth. Adjust according to the child's size.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation with internal heat, mental restlessness, and dark yellow urine. Qin Jiao Wan Formula.
Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix, removed sprouts) Sangbai Pi (Mori Cortex, sliced) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried until slightly yellow, pith removed) Digupi (Lycii Cortex) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome) Chi Fuling (Poria with red sand) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced) Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved; each half liang) Longdan (Gentianae Radix, removed rhizome, 1 fen) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 3 fen, removed sprouts).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. Take at any time, wash down with five pills using millet gruel broth. Adjust according to the child's size.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats children who eat but do not gain flesh, presenting with emaciation, bone heat, and dark yellow urine. Maimendong Wan Formula.
Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Tuber, core removed, dried; 1 liang) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced) Qinghaozi (Artemisiae Annuae Semen) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, removed roots) Sangbai Pi (Mori Cortex) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, bran-fried until slightly yellow, pith removed) Digupi (Lycii Cortex; each half liang) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed sprouts, 3 fen).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. Take at any time, wash down with five pills using boiled water. Adjust according to the child's size.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation with internal heat and very low intake of milk and food. Shao Huanggua Wan Formula.
Huanggua (Cucumis Sativus Fruit, large one) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, removed roots; each half liang) Biejia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, soaked in young male urine for three nights, stir-baked until slightly yellow, skirt removed) Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed sprouts; each 1 liang).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into fine powder. Cut open the top of the cucumber, remove pulp, fill with herb powder. Replace the lid, seal with buckwheat flour paste about 3 fen thick, and bake in pond ash fire until the paste is scorched yellow. Remove, let cool, add 1 qian of Shexiang (Moschus), grind together, and form pills the size of mung beans. Take seven pills before meals with rice drink. Adjust according to the child's size.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation due to Spleen Qi disharmony, poor appetite, weakness, and emaciated skin and muscles. Wenpi San Formula.
Helixi Pi (Pericarpium Terminaliae Chebulae) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome; each 3 fen) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced) Fuling (Poria) Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, removed rhizome; each half liang) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced, 1 fen).
Crush the above herbs, sift into a coarse powder. Take 1 qian per dose, decoct with one small cup of water, a little fresh ginger, and one jujube, reduce to half a cup, strain. Take at any time, adjust dosage based on the child's size, take warm.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* treats childhood emaciation due to long-term Spleen and Stomach deficiency, reduced eating, and emaciated four limbs. Wuxiang Jian Formula.
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos) Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma; each 1 liang) Shexiang (Moschus, 3 qian, finely ground and added) Fuling (Poria) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, white pith removed, dried) Huangqi (Astragalus Root, sliced; each 1 liang) Helixi Pi (Pericarpium Terminaliae Chebulae) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked until slightly red, sliced; each half liang).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into powder. Decoct with five sheng of water over slow fire until reduced to one sheng. Strain through cloth, return juice to pot, add Shexiang (Moschus), Sanhe of honey, Banhe of fresh ginger juice, and twenty jujube meats. Simmer over slow fire to form a paste. Take half a tea spoonful mixed with millet gruel broth per dose. Adjust according to the child's size.
*Yingru Shu* treats childhood emaciation, low food intake, failure to gain muscle, and cold in the lower jiao. Jigu Wan Formula.
Su Huang Ciji (Old yellow hen, take one set of chest and rib bones, clean off meat, dry, soak in wine overnight, stir-bake until yellow) Gancao (Licorice Root) Xiaocao (Radix Patriniae? Or similar; here likely refers to a specific herb, context suggests mild tonic/detox) [each stir-baked 3 fen] Qianglang (Scarabaeus Siccus, 5 pieces, stir-baked) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Fuling (Poria) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix; each 4 fen) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix; each 5 fen) Binglang (Arecae Semen, 6 fen).
Grind into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of small beans. Fifteen pills for three-year-old children, taken twice daily.
*Yingru Shu* treats childhood stomach Qi disharmony, anorexia, and failure to gain muscle. Dahuang Wan Formula.
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) Gadihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) Fuling (Poria) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) Xingren (Pruni Semen; each 3 fen).
Grind into powder, mix with honey to form pills the size of hemp seeds. Take five pills with water, three times daily.
*Zhangshi Jiachuan* treats childhood muscular heat, occasional diarrhea with food stagnation, anorexia, and muscle wasting. Zhudu Wan Formula.
Biejia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, 1 liang, soaked in hot mixture of young male urine and vinegar totaling one sheng, stir-bake until done) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Shuyu (Dioscoreae Rhizoma; each 1 liang) Huhuanglian (Picrorhizae Rhizoma) Renshen (Panax Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, removed rhizome) Qingjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) Ziwan (Asternatis Radix, cleaned) Taoren (Persicae Semen, remove double kernels, soak in water, remove skin and tips) Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) Gancao (Licorice Root, stir-baked; each half liang) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, removed rhizome, 1 liang 1 fen).
Crush the above herbs, sieve into fine powder. Place inside a clean pig stomach, tie securely, and boil until extremely tender. Remove, pound together with the herbs until sticky, form pills the size of sophora seeds. Take 20-30 pills at any time with warm water.
*Zhangshi Jiachuan* Xiangjia Wan. Treats men, women, boys, and unmarried girls with deficient and sparse Qi and Blood, emaciated skin, joint pain, tidal fever, five-palm heat, cold extremities, desire for food but epigastric fullness and Qi stagnation, and sluggish menstrual blood in women. Strengthens Spleen and Stomach, unblocks Shen Qi, fills skin and muscles, and improves complexion.
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, raw) Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) [each 3 fen] Biejia (Tartar Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum, vinegar-boiled until yellow) Shenqu (Massae Medicatae Fermentatae, fried) Xingren (Pruni Semen) Shu Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata) Mai (Tritici Vulgaris Fructus Immaturus, fried; each 1 liang) Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix; each half liang) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma; each 1 fen).
Grind into fine powder, mix with wheat flour paste to form pills the size of sophora seeds. Take ten pills per dose, with clear tea on an empty stomach, or with rice drink.
*Taiping Shenghui Fang* Moxibustion method: For childhood emaciation, low food and fluid intake, and failure to gain flesh, moxa the Weishu (BL-21) acupoint, one moxa cone per side. Located 1.5 cun lateral to the lower border of the 12th thoracic vertebra, in the depression. Cone size like a wheat grain. (*Yingtong Baojian* records: moxa three cones.)