《巢氏病源》小儿雀目候∶人有昼而精明，至暝便不见物，谓之雀目。言如鸟雀，暝便无所见也。
《圣惠》治小儿雀目，日晚无所见。夜明砂散方
夜明砂（微炒） 姜石（捣碎，细研，水飞过。各半两） 细辛 羌活（各一分）
上件药捣，细罗为散，都研令匀。每服一钱，用白羊子肝半枚，粟米二百粒，水一中盏，煮米熟去肝放冷，
渐渐服之。儿稍大，并肝食之。
《圣惠》治小儿雀目及疳眼，宜服煮肝石决明散方
石决明（细研） 井泉石 蛤粉 谷精草（各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服一钱，取白羊子肝一枚。劈开入药末，以米泔一中盏，煮熟，空心与食。量儿
大小以意加减。
《圣惠》治小儿雀目，至暮无所见。仙灵脾方
仙灵脾根 晚蚕蛾（微炒。各半两） 射干 甘草（炙微赤，锉。各一分）
上件药捣，细罗为散。用羊子肝一枚，切开，掺药二钱在内，以线系定，用黑豆一合，米泔一大盏，煮熟
取出。分为三服，以汁下之。
《圣惠》又方
老柏白皮 地肤子（各一两） 车前子 细辛 乌梅肉（微炒。各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服以粥饮调下半钱。量儿大小以意增减。
《圣惠》又方
细辛 麦门冬（去心，焙） 甘草（炙微赤，锉） 秦皮 蕤仁（汤浸，去皮，细研。各一分）
上件药捣，罗为末，以白羊子肝一枚，去筋膜，烂研和丸如绿豆大。每于食后以冷水下五丸，五岁以上增
之。
《圣惠》又方
乌梅 槐子（各微炒） 黄连（去须） 防风（去芦头。各一两） 黄牛胆（一枚，取汁）
上件药捣，罗为末。以牛胆汁拌合令匀，曝干，重捣为末，炼蜜和丸如绿豆大。三岁每日空心以温水下五
丸，量儿大小以意加减。
《圣惠》又方
甘草（炙微赤，锉） 谷精草（各半两） 干姜（锉，一分）
上件药捣，罗为散。用面一两作烧饼子样，用药三钱入在中间，安慢火内，煨令熟。用好茶下之，每日早
晨一服，至三日后见物。多时者不过五服见效，无问大人、小儿并治，小儿即量其大小加减。
《圣惠》又方
地肤子 决明子（各半两）
上件药捣，罗为末，以粟米饭和丸如绿豆大。每日空心以粥引下七丸，至夜再服。量儿大小以意加减。
（《圣惠》又作散饮，服一钱。）
《圣惠》又方
夜明砂（微炒） 黄芩（各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。用米泔濯猪肝汁调下半钱，日三服。三岁以上增之。
《圣惠》又方
上用苍术一两，去皮，锉、微炒，捣细罗为散。每服一钱，用羊子肝一具，以米泔煮熟，分半具细切拌药
与儿食之，至晚再服。五岁以上即顿服，未吃食儿不可与服。
《圣惠》治小儿雀目立见物方。
上用羊子肝一具，薄切作片子，郓州蛤粉一钱，匀掺在肝内，系定，以水煮熟服之。五岁以下分减与吃。
《圣惠》又方
上用牵牛子一两，捣细罗为散。用羊子肝一片，切，入末一钱拌肝，用白面作角子两个，炙令黄色，候冷
服之，以粥饮下。量儿大小加减服之。
《圣惠》又方
上用夜明砂一两，微炒细研，猪胆和丸如绿豆大。不计食前后以粥饮下五丸，三岁以下三丸。
《圣惠》治雀目，不计大人、小儿久患不瘥方。
天南星（一枚大者，炮制） 防风（去芦头） 黄芩 黄连（去须） 谷精草（各半两） 甘草（一分，炙微赤，
锉）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每服一钱半，用羊子肝一片，以竹刀子批开两处，入药末在内，于铫子中，用米泔
一盏盏，以盏子合。候煮尽泔为度，放温食之，忌猪肉炙爆热面。
《圣惠》又方
黄芩 谷精草 蛤粉 羚羊角（屑。各半两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每于食后以温水调下六钱。
《圣惠》又方
细辛 地肤子 决明子 松脂（各二两）
上件药捣，细罗为散。每于食后以竹叶汤调下一钱。
《婴孺》治小儿晚日眼茫茫不见物也。
上用鼠胆汁点目中良。
张涣复明散方 专治小儿每至日暮即不见物，乃雀目也。
地肤子 黄芩 决明子（各半两） 苍术（二两，米泔浸，去皮，焙干） 谷精草（一两）
上件药捣为细末。每服一钱，水八分一盏，入荆芥少许，煎五分，去滓，温服食后。
张涣家传治眼还睛散 风气、银花攀睛，努丝瘀肉，翳膜侵睛，小儿雀目并皆治之。
蔓菁子（半升，煮一、蒸一、炒一） 蓖麻子 旋复花 真菊花（各八铢） 羌活 防风 甘草（炙） 蒺藜（沙
苑者，炒） 青葙子（炒）
鼠粘子（炒。以上各四铢） 谷精草 石决明 蝉壳 地骨皮 木通草 牡蛎 乌鱼骨 淡竹叶 木贼 草龙胆 细
辛密蒙花（各十六铢） 白花蛇（半两） 苍术（三十二铢，米泔水浸，竹刀锉去粗皮）
上件药捣，罗为末，除蔓菁子单捣细，拌和为散。每服二钱匕，丈夫生椒汤或茶汤下；妇人并小儿雀目并
米泔调下。食后服。忌瓜、鱼、酱酒。或肾脏风攻眼，入桃仁四两，炒。
《吉氏家传》治雀目夜盲瑞云散方
真珠 决明子 土瓜根 石膏（慢火煨一宿，碗盖一宿）
上各等分为末。三光俱不睹，昼夜瞑瞑， 不止，多痛刺，甘草煎汤调下半钱，日三服。
《圣惠》小儿雀目夜不见物，灸手大指甲后一寸，内廉、横纹头、白肉际各一壮，炷如小麦大。
According to *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun* (General Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases) regarding infantile nyctalopia: Some individuals have clear vision during the day but cannot see objects at dusk, a condition known as Nyctalopia (Bird's Eye). This is likened to birds or sparrows, which are unable to see anything when it gets dark.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* (Imperial Grace Formulas of the Taiping Era) treats infantile nyctalopia, characterized by inability to see in the evening, with the formula **Yeming Sha San** (Night-Bright Sand Powder):
* Yeming Sha (Cacumen Phoenicis, slightly stir-fried)
* Jiang Shi (Jiangshi, crushed, finely ground, water-floating; each half liang)
* Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)
* Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix; each one qian)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve them finely to make a powder, and grind uniformly. Take one qian per dose. Use half a sheep liver, two hundred grains of Setaria italica (millet), and one zhong zhan of water. Boil until the millet is cooked, remove the liver, let it cool, and take it gradually. For older children, consume the liver as well.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* also provides the formula **Zhugan Shijueming San** (Boiled Liver with Argo Shell Powder) for treating infantile nyctalopia and phthisis eyes:
* Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis, finely ground)
* Jingquanshi (Jingquanshi)
* Gafen (Shell Powder)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos; each half liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose. Take one sheep liver, split it open, insert the powdered medicine inside, cook it in one zhong zhan of rice wash water, and administer on an empty stomach. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
*Tai Ping Shui Fang* offers the formula **Xianlingpi Fang** for infantile nyctalopia, where vision fails at dusk:
* Xianlingpi Gen (Epimedii Radix et Caulis root)
* Wancan'e (Bombyx Batryticatus, slightly stir-fried; each half liang)
* Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma)
* Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red, chopped; each one qian)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take one sheep liver, cut it open, sprinkle two qian of medicine inside, tie it securely with thread, add one he of black soybeans and one da zhan of rice wash water, and boil until cooked. Remove and divide into three doses, taking them with the decoction juice.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Laobai Baidi (Cupressi Cacumen bark)
* Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus; each one liang)
* Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen)
* Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)
* Wumei Rou (Mume Fructus flesh, slightly stir-fried; each half liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take half a qian per dose, mixed with congee drink. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)
* Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed, baked)
* Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red, chopped)
* Qinpi (Fraxini Cortex)
* Ruiren (Pruni Armeniacae Semen, soaked in hot water, skin removed, finely ground; each one qian)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve into powder. Take one sheep liver, remove the fascia, mash thoroughly, and mix with the powder to form pills the size of mung beans. Take five pills after meals with cold water. Increase the dose for children over five years old.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Wumei (Mume Fructus)
* Huaizi (Sophorae Tonkinensis Fructus; both slightly stir-fried)
* Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustards removed)
* Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, rhizome head removed; each one liang)
* Huangniu Dan (Bovis Vesica Fellis, one gallbladder, extract juice)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve into powder. Mix evenly with ox bile, dry in the sun, crush again into powder, and bind with refined honey to form pills the size of mung beans. For three-year-olds, take five pills on an empty stomach daily with warm water. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red, chopped)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos; each half liang)
* Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, chopped, one qian)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve into powder. Make a flatbread using one liang of flour, place three qian of medicine inside, and bake slowly until cooked. Take with good tea, once every morning. Vision should improve within three days. For chronic cases, improvement is seen within five doses. This treats both adults and children; adjust the dose for children based on their size.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus)
* Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen; each half liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve into powder. Mix with millet rice to form pills the size of mung beans. Take seven pills on an empty stomach daily with congee drink, and take another dose at night. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
(*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* also suggests taking it as a powder drink, one qian per dose.)
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Yeming Sha (Cacumen Phoenicis, slightly stir-fried)
* Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix; each half liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take half a qian per dose, mixed with pig liver juice washed with rice water. Take three times a day. Increase the dose for children over three years old.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
Take one liang of Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), peel it, chop, slightly stir-fry, crush, and sieve finely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose. Use one sheep liver, cook it in rice water, cut half of it finely, mix with the medicine, and feed it to the child. Take another dose in the evening. Children over five years old can take it all at once; infants who have not started eating solid food should not take it.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* provides a formula for infantile nyctalopia that restores vision immediately:
Take one sheep liver, slice it thinly, sprinkle one qian of Yunzhou Gafen (Shell Powder) evenly inside, tie it securely, boil in water, and take. Reduce the dose for children under five years old.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
Take one liang of Qianniuzi (Pharbitidis Semen), crush and sieve finely to make a powder. Take one slice of sheep liver, chop it, mix with one qian of powder, make two dumplings (jiaozi) with white flour, grill until yellow, let cool, and take with congee drink. Adjust the dosage according to the child's size.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
Take one liang of Yeming Sha (Cacumen Phoenicis), slightly stir-fry and grind finely. Mix with pig bile to form pills the size of mung beans. Take five pills with congee drink regardless of meal time; take three pills for children under three years old.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* provides a formula for nyctalopia, whether in adults or children, that has persisted and resisted treatment:
* Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, one large piece, processed)
* Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, rhizome head removed)
* Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)
* Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustards removed)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos; each half liang)
* Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, one qian, honey-fried until slightly red, chopped)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take one and a half qian per dose. Take one slice of sheep liver, make two incisions with a bamboo knife, insert the powder inside, place in a small pot, add one zhong zhan of rice wash water, cover with a lid. Boil until the rice water is exhausted. Let it cool to warm temperature before eating. Avoid pork, fried foods, and hot wheat noodles.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos)
* Gafen (Shell Powder)
* Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu, shaved; each half liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take six qian per dose, mixed with warm water after meals.
Another formula from *Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang*:
* Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)
* Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus)
* Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen)
* Songzhi (Pini Resina; each two liang)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve finely to make a powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with bamboo leaf decoction after meals.
*Yingru Fang* treats infantile evening blindness where vision is blurred and objects cannot be seen:
Apply mouse bile to the eyes; this is effective.
Zhang Huan's **Fuming San** (Restoration of Vision Powder) specifically treats infantile nyctalopia, where vision is lost at dusk:
* Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus)
* Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)
* Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen; each half liang)
* Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, two liang, soaked in rice water, peeled, dried)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos, one liang)
Grind the above ingredients into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, add eight fen of water to one zhong zhan, add a little Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), decoct to five fen, filter, and take warm after meals.
Zhang Huan's family-prescribed **Zhiyan Huanjing San** (Eye Treatment and Vision Restoration Powder) treats wind-pathogen conditions, silver flower pterygium, protruding fleshy growths, and nebula invading the eye, as well as infantile nyctalopia:
* Manjingzi (Brassicae Pekinensis Semen, half sheng, one part boiled, one part steamed, one part stir-fried)
* Bimazi (Ricini Semen)
* Xuanjufhua (Inulae Flos)
* Zhen Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, eight zhu)
* Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix)
* Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix)
* Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried)
* Jili (Tribuli Fructus, from Shayuan, stir-fried)
* Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen, stir-fried)
* Niuzangzi (Arctii Fructus, stir-fried; above each four zhu)
* Gujingcao (Eriocauli Flos)
* Shijueming (Concha Haliotidis)
* Chanqiao (Cicadae Periostracum)
* Digupi (Lycii Cortex)
* Mutong Cao (Akebiae Caulis)
* Moli (Ostrea Concha)
* Wuyu Gu (Sepiae Endoconcha)
* Danzhuye (Lophatheri Folium)
* Muze (Equiseti Herba)
* Caolongdan (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)
* Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma)
* Mimenghua (Myristicae Flos; above each sixteen zhu)
* Baihuashe (Bungarus multicinctus, half liang)
* Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, thirty-two zhu, soaked in rice water, scraped with bamboo knife to remove coarse skin)
Crush the above ingredients, sieve into powder. Except for Manjingzi which is ground separately and finely, mix all into a powder. Take two qian bi per dose. Men take with raw pepper soup or tea soup; women and children with nyctalopia take with rice water. Take after meals. Avoid melons, fish, sauces, and alcohol. If kidney wind attacks the eyes, add four liang of stir-fried Tao Ren (Persicae Semen).
*Jishi Jiachuan* provides the **Ruiyun San** (Auspicious Cloud Powder) for treating nyctalopia and night blindness:
* Zhenzhu (Pearl)
* Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen)
* Tuguagen (Trichosanthes Kirilowii Root)
* Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, slow-fire roasted overnight, covered with a bowl overnight)
Grind equal parts of the above into powder. If vision is completely obscured day and night, accompanied by persistent dimness and painful stabbing sensations, take half a qian mixed with licorice decoction, three times a day.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* states that for infantile nyctalopia where the child cannot see at night, moxa-convulsion therapy should be applied to the area one cun behind the nail of the thumb, specifically at the inner crease head and the boundary between white flesh, one mound each, with moxa cones the size of wheat grains.