（亦名 疳）
《巢氏病源》小儿 鼻候∶ 鼻之状，鼻下两边赤，发时微有疮而痒是也。亦名赤鼻，亦名疳鼻。然鼻是肺
气所通，肺候皮毛，其气不和，风邪客于皮毛，次于血气。夫邪在血气随虚处而入停之；其停于鼻两边，与血
气相搏成疮者，谓之 鼻也。
《圣惠》论∶夫肺气通于鼻，鼻者肺之候。若小儿乳食不调，上焦壅滞，令疳虫上蚀于鼻也。其候鼻中赤痒
壮热，多啼，皮毛干焦，肌肤消瘦，咳嗽上气，下痢无常；鼻下连唇生疮赤烂，故曰鼻疳也。
《婴童宝鉴》∶小儿鼻下烂为疳，气上攻肺，故而痒而烂。
《婴童宝鉴》小儿鼻下赤歌∶
鼻生疮在两边，赤为疳鼻不虚传。久停风热来攻肺，难与崩沙共一源。
《颅囟经》治孩子疳蚀唇鼻及诸疮方。
硫黄 干漆 文蛤
上等分烧灰，稍烟尽，研为末，入麝子少许。以帛拭疮脓血后，用药干掺之，立效。
《千金》治疳虫蚀鼻生疮方。
上烧铜箸头，以醋淬之数过，取醋敷之。又以人屎灰涂之瘥。
《子母秘录》治小儿鼻下两道赤者，名曰 鼻，亦名赤疳鼻。以米泔洗，敷黄连末，日三四度，佳。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻疳。羸瘦壮热，多睡昏沉，毛发焦黄，体无润泽，虫蚀口齿。雄黄丸方
雄黄 熊胆 青黛 芦荟 麝香（各细研） 细辛 干漆（捣碎，炒令烟出） 蛇蜕皮（炙） 蜣螂 地
龙蝉壳（各炒） 兰香子 狗头骨（灰） 龙胆（去芦头） 蜗牛壳（炒令黄） 黄连（去须）
上各等分，捣罗为末，入研了药，都研令匀，以软饭和丸如绿豆大。每服以冷水下三丸，日三服。量儿大
小增减服之。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻疳生疮，痛痒不止。甘草散方
甘草（炒，锉） 地榆（锉） 人粪（灰） 兰香根（灰。各一分） 蚺蛇胆 麝香（各细研，一分） 蜗
牛壳（一两，炒令黄） 龙脑（半分，细研）
上件药捣，细罗为散，入龙、麝等研令匀，每服以粥饮调下半钱。亦可吹于鼻中。三岁以下可服一字。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻疳痒，吹鼻。蝉壳散方
蝉壳（炒） 青黛（研） 蛇蜕皮（灰） 滑石 麝香（细研。各等分）
上件药捣，细罗为散，都研令匀。每用绿豆大吹入鼻中，日三用之，疳虫尽出。
《圣惠》治小儿疳虫蚀儿鼻。石胆散方
石胆 人粪（灰。各三分） 雄黄（一分） 头发（灰，半两） 鲫鱼（一枚长三寸者，开肚涂盐，烧作灰）
上件药都细研令匀，先以甘草汤洗疮，拭干后贴此散，日三用之。
《圣惠》治小儿疳虫蚀儿唇鼻。麝香散方
麝香 石胆（各研） 莽草（炙） 地龙（各一分） 莨菪子（生用） 人粪（灰。各半两） 雄黄（细研，半分）
上件药捣罗为末，都研令匀，贴于疮上，日三用之。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻疳，虫蚀鼻，痒痛不止。芦荟散方
芦荟 黄柏（末。各一分） 青黛 雄黄（各半分）
上件药都细研为散。日三度，以少许敷疮上瘥。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻口疳蚀生疮，黄瘦不食乳方。
石胆 芦荟（各一分）
上件药细研为散，掺在蚀处。其蚀伤肉当化为脓，但频擦即生好肉，亦不别有损动，渐瘥。
《圣惠》治小儿疳疮虫蚀鼻方。
黄连（半两，去须，捣罗为末） 石胆（一分，研）
上件药都研令匀，以生油调涂于鼻中。
《圣惠》又方
雄黄（研） 瓜蒂（各一分）
上件药捣，细罗为散，研令匀，以生油调涂于鼻中。
《圣惠》又方
干虾蟆（一枚，涂酥，炙焦黄） 麝香（一分）
上件药同细研为散，以腊月猪脂调涂于鼻中。
《圣惠》又方
上研熊胆半分为细末，以汤化调涂于鼻中。
《圣惠》又方
黄柏（末） 雄黄（细研。各一分） 麝香（一分，研）
上件药都细研令匀，以生油调。日三四上涂之。
《圣惠》又方
虾蟆（灰，一分） 人中白（半分） 麝（一钱）
上件药都细研，干贴鼻内，日三用之。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻疳痒吹鼻方
地龙（抄，二条） 瓜蒂（一分） 虾蟆头（烧，一枚） 麝（半钱）
上件药捣，细罗为散，同研令匀。日二三度，用少许吹鼻中。
《圣惠》治小儿鼻眼耳痒数揉之，皮干毛立，宜用吹鼻方
蜗牛壳（一分，炒令微黄） 虾蟆（灰） 麝香（各一钱，细研） 瓜蒂（七枚）
上件药捣，细罗为散，研入麝香令匀，用少许吹入鼻中，日三四度，兼点少许口中，甚佳。
茅先生小儿鼻下赤烂为鼻疳方
青黛（炒一钱半） 黄柏 黄连 杏仁（去皮尖，炒。各一分） 轻粉（少许）
上为末，用芭蕉自然汁调涂赤烂处。
汉东王先生《家宝》治小儿肺积，鼻内生疮及鼻下赤烂。泽泻散方
川泽泻 川郁金（生） 甘草（炙） 山栀子仁（炒。以上各一分）
上为末。每服婴孩一字，二三岁半钱，五七岁一钱，甘草汤调下，一日二服。宜再用青金散敷之。
汉东王先生《家宝》又方青金散
铜青 白矾（生。各一钱）
上为末，每用少许敷鼻下。
钱乙兰香散方
兰香叶（菜名，烧灰，二钱） 铜青（半钱） 轻粉（二字）
上为细末令匀，看疮大小干贴之。
张涣石胆散 治鼻疳病，疳虫上蚀于鼻，赤痒及连唇生疮，赤烂方。
石胆（一两） 地龙（一分，洗净） 须发（烧灰） 莨菪子（生用。各半两）
上件捣，罗为细末，入麝香一钱，同研匀。每服一字，贴于疮上。
《吉氏家传》治鼻下赤烂疳方。
青黛（一钱） 麝香（少许） 熊胆（末，半钱）
上末，睡时贴少许在鼻下。
《朱氏家传》治小儿鼻下湿痒疳疮方。
上用大枣一枚，去核，以白矾一块内枣中，文武火 存性，细研，涂疮。如疮干，以麻油调涂。
(Also known as Gan)
*Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (Source of Diseases in Children) describes the nasal manifestations in children: The condition of the nose presents with redness on both sides below the nostrils, accompanied by slight sores and itching upon onset. This is also called Red Nose or Gan Nose. Since the nose is the organ through which Lung Qi (Lung Energy) communicates, and the Lung governs the skin and hair, if Lung Qi is disharmonious, Wind Pathogen (Wind Evil) invades the skin and hair, subsequently affecting Blood and Qi. Pathogens enter and stagnate in the blood and qi at sites of deficiency; when they stagnate on both sides of the nose and contend with blood and qi to form sores, it is termed Gan Nose.
*Sheng Hui Fang* (Benefit from Holy Medicine) discusses: Lung Qi communicates with the nose, and the nose is the external manifestation of the Lung. If infants' milk and food intake are irregular, causing stagnation in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), Gan Worms (parasitic factors associated with malnutrition/toxins) ascend to erode the nose. Symptoms include redness and itching in the nose, high fever, excessive crying, dry and scorched skin and hair, emaciation, coughing with rebellious Qi, and irregular diarrhea; sores develop below the nose extending to the lips with redness and ulceration, hence termed Nasal Gan.
*Ying Tong Bao Jian* (Precious Mirror for Infants and Children) states: Ulceration below the infant's nose indicates Gan syndrome; Qi attacks upward to the Lung, causing itching and ulceration.
Song regarding Redness Below the Infant's Nose in *Ying Tong Bao Jian*:
Sores grow on both sides of the nose,
Redness signifies Gan Nose, not a false report.
Long-standing Wind-Heat attacks the Lung,
Difficult to share the same source as Bingsha.
*C Xu Jing* (Classic of Cranial Fontanelles) records a formula for treating children's Gan erosion of lips and nose and various sores.
Sulfur, Dried Lacquer, Wen Ge (Clam Shell)
Take equal parts of the above three herbs, burn them to ash until smoke ceases, grind into powder, and add a small amount of Moschus (Musk). After wiping pus and blood from the sore with cloth, apply the dry powder directly to the lesion for immediate effect.
*Qian Jin Fang* (Thousand Gold Formulas) treats Gan worms eroding the nose and forming sores.
Burn the tip of a copper chopstick, quench it in vinegar several times, and apply the vinegar to the area. Alternatively, applying human feces ash can also cure it.
*Zi Mu Mi Lu* (Secret Record of Mother and Child) treats two red lines below the infant's nose, named Gan Nose or Red Gan Nose. Wash with rice water and apply Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) powder, three to four times daily, for best results.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric nasal Gan. For cases with emaciation, high fever, lethargy, scorched yellow hair, lack of moisture in the body, and Gan worms eroding mouth and teeth. Xionghuang Wan (Realgar Pill) Formula:
Xionghuang (Realgar), Xiong Dan (Bear Bile), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Lvhui (Aloe), Shexiang (Musk) (each finely ground); Xixin (Asarum), Ganqi (Dried Lacquer) (crushed, stir-fried until smoking); Shedunpi (Snake Slough); Qianglang (Dung Beetle); Dilong (Earthworm); Chanqiao (Cicada Slough) (each stir-fried); Lanxiangzi (Origanum Seed); Goutougu (Dog Skull Bone) (calcined); Longdan (Gentian Root) (remove rhizome); Woniuqiao (Snail Shell) (stir-fried until yellow); Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (remove roots).
Take equal parts of each, crush and sieve into powder. Add the pre-ground ingredients and mix uniformly. Bind with soft rice to form pills the size of mung beans. Administer three pills per dose with cold water, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric nasal Gan with sores, unceasing pain and itching. Gangcao San (Licorice Powder) Formula:
Gancao (Licorice Root) (stir-fried, chopped); Diyü (Sanguisorba Root) (chopped); Renfen (Human Feces Ash); Lanxianggen (Origanum Root Ash) (one fen each); Ranshedan (Python Gallbladder); Shexiang (Musk) (each finely ground, one fen); Woniuqiao (Snail Shell) (one liang, stir-fried until yellow); Longnao (Borneol) (half fen, finely ground).
Crush the above medicines, sieve finely into powder. Add Borneol and Musk and grind uniformly. Take half a qian per dose, mixed with gruel drink. Can also be insufflated into the nose. For children under three years old, administer a "yi zi" amount.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric nasal Gan itching, insufflation method. Chanqiao San (Cicada Slough Powder) Formula:
Chanqiao (Cicada Slough) (stir-fried); Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (ground); Shedunpi (Snake Slough) (calcined); Huashi (Talcum); Shexiang (Musk) (finely ground, equal parts).
Crush the above medicines, sieve finely into powder, and grind uniformly. Insufflate an amount the size of a mung bean into the nose, three times daily, to expel Gan worms completely.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric Gan worms eroding the nose. Shidan San (Chalcanthite Powder) Formula:
Shidan (Chalcanthite); Renfen (Human Feces Ash) (three fen each); Xionghuang (Realgar) (one fen); Toufa (Hair Ash) (half liang); Ji Yu (Crucian Carp) (one fish, three cun long, gutted, salted, calcined to ash).
Grind all ingredients finely and mix uniformly. First wash the sore with Licorice Decoction, wipe dry, then apply this powder. Use three times daily.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric Gan worms eroding lips and nose. Shexiang San (Musk Powder) Formula:
Shexiang (Musk); Shidan (Chalcanthite) (each ground); Mangcao (Polygonum Arvense) (roasted); Dilong (Earthworm) (one fen each); Langdanszi (Datura Seed) (raw use); Renfen (Human Feces Ash) (half liang each); Xionghuang (Realgar) (finely ground, half fen).
Crush and sieve into powder, grind uniformly, and apply to the sore. Use three times daily.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric nasal Gan, worm erosion of the nose, unceasing itching and pain. Lvhui San (Aloe Powder) Formula:
Lvhui (Aloe); Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (powder, one fen each); Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis); Xionghuang (Realgar) (half fen each).
Grind all ingredients finely into powder. Apply a small amount to the sore three times daily until healed.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric oral-nasal Gan erosion with sores, sallow complexion, emaciation, and refusal to nurse.
Shidan (Chalcanthite); Lvhui (Aloe) (one fen each).
Grind finely into powder and sprinkle on the eroded area. The damaged flesh should turn into pus; frequent application promotes healthy tissue regeneration without further damage, leading to gradual recovery.
*Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric Gan sores with worm erosion of the nose.
Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) (half liang, remove roots, crush and sieve into powder); Shidan (Chalcanthite) (one fen, ground).
Grind uniformly, mix with raw oil, and apply inside the nose.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Another Formula:
Xionghuang (Realgar) (ground); Gadi (Melon Peduncle) (one fen each).
Crush, sieve finely, grind uniformly, mix with raw oil, and apply inside the nose.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Another Formula:
Gan Xama (Dried Toad) (one toad, coated with butter, roasted until yellow-brown); Shexiang (Musk) (one fen).
Grind together finely into powder, mix with lard from the twelfth lunar month, and apply inside the nose.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Another Formula:
Take half a fen of Xiong Dan (Bear Bile), grind into fine powder, dissolve in hot water, and apply inside the nose.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Another Formula:
Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) (powder); Xionghuang (Realgar) (finely ground, one fen each); Shexiang (Musk) (one fen, ground).
Grind uniformly, mix with raw oil. Apply three to four times daily.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Another Formula:
Xama (Toad) (ash, one fen); Renzhongbai (Calcinated Human Urine Deposit) (half fen); She (Musk) (one qian).
Grind finely, apply dry powder inside the nose, three times daily.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Treats pediatric nasal Gan itching, insufflation formula.
Dilong (Earthworm) (prepared, two strips); Gadi (Melon Peduncle) (one fen); Xama Tou (Toad Head) (calcined, one); She (Musk) (half qian).
Crush, sieve finely, grind uniformly. Insufflate a small amount into the nose two to three times daily.
*Sheng Hui Fang* Treats pediatric nasal, ocular, and auricular itching due to frequent rubbing, dry skin, and erect hair. Suitable insufflation formula:
Woniuqiao (Snail Shell) (one fen, stir-fried until slightly yellow); Xama (Toad) (ash); Shexiang (Musk) (one qian each, finely ground); Gadi (Melon Peduncle) (seven pieces).
Crush, sieve finely, add Musk and grind uniformly. Insufflate a small amount into the nose three to four times daily, and also instill a small amount into the mouth for excellent results.
Mao Xiansheng's Formula for Pediatric Red Ulceration Below the Nose as Nasal Gan:
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (stir-fried, one qian and half); Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark); Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome); Xingren (Apricot Seed) (remove skin and tips, stir-fried, one fen each); Qingfen (Calomel) (a little).
Grind into powder, mix with natural juice of Musa Basjoo (Banana Stem Juice), and apply to the red ulcerated area.
Mr. Wang Handong's *Jia Bao* treats pediatric Lung accumulation, sores inside the nose, and red ulceration below the nose. Zexie San (Alisma Powder) Formula:
Chuan Zexie (Alisma Rhizome); Chuan Yujin (Curcuma Aromatica Rhizome) (raw); Gancao (Licorice Root) (roasted); Shanzhiziren (Gardenia Fruit Kernel) (stir-fried, one fen each of the above).
Grind into powder. Infants take one "yi zi"; children aged 2-3 take half a qian; aged 5-7 take one qian. Mix with Licorice Decoction and administer twice daily. It is advisable to follow with application of Qingjin San.
Mr. Wang Handong's *Jia Bao* Another Formula: Qingjin San (Blue Gold Powder)
Tongqing (Verdigris); Baifan (Alumen) (raw, one qian each).
Grind into powder, apply a small amount below the nose each time.
Qian Yi's Lanxiang San (Origanum Powder) Formula:
Lanxiangye (Origanum Leaf - vegetable name, calcined to ash, two qian); Tongqing (Verdigris) (half qian); Qingfen (Calomel) (two "zi").
Grind into fine powder uniformly. Apply dry powder to the sore according to its size.
Zhang Huan's Shidan San (Chalcanthite Powder) treats Nasal Gan disease, where Gan worms ascend to erode the nose, causing redness, itching, and sores connecting to the lips with redness and ulceration.
Shidan (Chalcanthite) (one liang); Dilong (Earthworm) (one fen, washed clean); Xu Fa (Beard and Hair Ash); Langdanszi (Datura Seed) (raw use, half liang each).
Crush and sieve into fine powder, add one qian of Shexiang (Musk), and grind uniformly. Apply one "yi zi" amount to the sore.
*Ji Shi Jia Chuan* treats red ulceration below the nose as Gan.
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (one qian); Shexiang (Musk) (a little); Xiong Dan (Bear Bile) (powder, half qian).
Grind into powder, apply a small amount below the nose before sleep.
*Zhu Shi Jia Chuan* treats pediatric wet and itchy Gan sores below the nose.
Take one large date, remove the pit, insert a piece of Bai Fan (Alumen) into the date, calcine over mild to strong fire retaining its nature, grind finely, and apply to the sore. If the sore is dry, mix with Sesame Oil for application.