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It is heard that both urination and defecation are governed by the Kidney. The Yuan Yang (Original Yang) steams upward, harmonizing with the Lung and Spleen. The Spleen rotting and transforming food and fluids, and the Large Intestine guiding and leading, allow for smooth regulation of defecation, so that using the toilet does not cause distress. The Lung governs the origin of transformation; the Bladder's Qi ferments and brews, allowing for smooth regulation of urination without need for forced endurance. When urination and defecation are naturally free, it indicates the Kidney is undamaged. As for obstruction and涩 (astringency/stagnation), each has its own root cause. Damage from summerheat or cold, wind-heat being equal; jing xian (convulsions/epilepsy) or ke wu (alien pathogen invasion), gan ji (infantile malnutrition) are pitiable. These cases all involve irritability, heat, dryness, thirst, and craving for drink. Constipation of both urine and stool is their accompanying symptom. Tracing the origin: improper breastfeeding, sour and salty flavors causing stagnation, sweet and cloying foods combining, leading to wind-stagnation in the intestines and stomach, chest and heart palpitations and blockage, water and grain unable to move, Qi and pulses like being bound. San Jiao (Triple Burner) heat burning, Zang-Fu organs' toxicity accumulating. The treatment method should be guidance and dredging for stability. As for long lin (dysuria with difficulty), various lesions of the penis, itch and pain of the glans, carbuncles and toxins rising high, hematuria, intestinal redness (blood in stool), all conditions should be carefully examined. Once diseases of the two bowels are removed, the boundaries of Yin and Yang are distinguished.

Wang Kentang said: "Bai Wen" states that infantile constipation is due to heat in the Lung home residing internally, flowing into the Large Intestine, causing obstinate blockage. This is excess-heat. One should use Si Shun Qing Liang Yin (Four-Obedience Cooling Clearing Decoction) added with Chai Hu (Bupleurum). For severe heat, add Shan Zhi (Gardenia) and Huang Qin (Scutellaria) to facilitate flow. For exterior and interior heat simultaneously, presenting with yellow complexion, red cheeks, dry lips, dry mouth, dark and astringent urine, and scorched-yellow stool: if there is no sweat, first release the exterior, preferably using Chai Hu San (Bupleurum Powder) to induce sweating. After releasing the exterior, if constipation persists or abdominal pain occurs, Qing Liang Yin, Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction), or Cheng Qi Tang (Order the Qi Decoction) can all be used to purge. For accumulated heat, Shen Xiong Wan (Divine Xiong Pill) is especially excellent.

Zeng said: Urinary obstruction has two symptoms: Yin Bi (Yin closure) and Yang Bi (Yang closure). Yin Bi is caused by cold-dampness taking advantage of deficiency to enter the interior, resulting in obstruction. Use Bai Shao Yao Tang (White Peony Root Decoction) added with Nan Mu Xiang (Vladimiria Root), and apply fried salt to warm the area around the umbilicus. Yang Bi is caused by sudden heat forcing the body, leading to astringency and obstruction. There is also Long Bi (Long closure), which is due to deficiency of Qi in the five internal organs, blocked by heat stagnation, where dissemination and transformation do not function. It is neither astringent nor painful, merely closed and obstructed, with abdominal distension and tight fullness. Use Mu Tong San (Akebia Decoction) or Yu Lu Yin (Jade Dew Drink).

Xue Ji said: Dong Yuan stated that difficult urination is divided into those affecting Qi and those affecting Blood. In the Qi aspect, the disease resides in the Upper Jiao, accompanied by thirst. There is latent heat in the Lung, preventing water generation, cutting off the source of urine. The method should employ bland and permeating herbs to drain lung heat and nourish the source of water transformation. In the Blood aspect, the disease resides in the Lower Jiao without thirst. Heat accumulates in the Bladder, meaning heat has astringed the flow, preventing urine excretion. One must use herbs with strong flavor and aroma, belonging to the yin-within-yin category, for treatment.