史演山曰。阳痫者。因感惊风三次发搐。不为去风下痰。则再发。曰三次者。或一月。或一季。一发惊搐。必经过
三度。故曰三次。非一日三次也。所谓惊风三发即为痫者是也。其候身热自汗目上视。嚼沫切牙。手足掣搐。面红紫。
脉皆浮数。以白解散加五和汤疏解。下痰用水晶丹、半夏丸。阴痫者。因慢惊后去痰不尽。痰入心包而得。四肢逆冷。
吐舌摇头。嚼沫。牙关紧闭。不甚惊搐。作啼。面色或白或青。脉沉微。治以固真汤。调宽气饮和解。
王汝言曰。痫。小儿之恶候也。盖小儿血脉不敛。气骨不聚。为风邪所触。为乳哺失节。停结癖积而得之。其候神
气怫郁。瞪目直视。面目牵引。口噤流涎。肚腹膨胀。手足掣搐。似死似生。或声或哑。或项背反张。或腰脊强直。但
四体柔弱。发而时醒者为痫。若一身强硬。终日不醒者。则为痉症。不可不辨。
王肯堂曰。全婴方云。风痫因将养失度。血气不和。或浓衣汗出。腠理开舒。风邪入之。其病在肝。肝主风。其症
目赤面青发搐。宜琥珀散、驱风膏、大青膏。有热。四顺饮。退后与利惊丸下其痰涎。惊痫因血气盛实。脏腑生热。或
惊怖大啼。精神伤动。外邪入之。其病在心。心主惊。其症忽然叫声发搐。宜琥珀散、镇心丸。有热。四顺饮。利惊丸
下之。不生别病。食痫其病在脾。脾纳食。其症嗳吐 气。即发搐。此症或大便酸臭。紫丸子下之。以上三症。大同小
异。并属阳也。各目睛翻斜。手足潮搐。或作猪声。发过即瘥。皆十生一死。
Shi Yanshan stated: Yang epilepsy (Yang Epilepsy) arises from contracting wind-stroke (Wind-Stroke) and experiencing three episodes of convulsions. If the pathogenic wind is not dispelled and phlegm is not purged, it will recur. The term "three times" refers to intervals of either one month or one season; each episode of fright-convulsion necessarily passes through three stages, hence termed "three times," not three times in a single day. This corresponds to the saying that "fright-convulsion occurring three times becomes epilepsy." Its manifestations include fever, spontaneous sweating, upward deviation of the eyes, foaming at the mouth, teeth grinding, jerking of the limbs, red-purple complexion, and a floating and rapid pulse. Treatment involves using Baijie San (White Dispersal Powder) combined with Wuhe Tang (Five Harmonies Decoction) to disperse wind and resolve the exterior, and Shuijing Dan (Crystal Pill) or Banxia Wan (Pinellia Pill) to purge phlegm. Yin epilepsy (Yin Epilepsy) results from incomplete removal of phlegm after slow fright-convulsion, allowing phlegm to enter the Pericardium (Pericardium). Symptoms include cold extremities, protrusion of the tongue, head shaking, foaming at the mouth, locked jaw, minimal convulsions, crying sounds, a pale or bluish complexion, and a deep and faint pulse. Treatment employs Guzhen Tang (Solidify the True Decoction) and Kuanqi Yin (Broaden Qi Infusion) to harmonize qi.
Wang Ruyan stated: Epilepsy is a severe condition in children. Generally, because children's blood vessels are not consolidated and their qi and bones are not gathered, they are susceptible to wind pathogens. It can also result from irregular nursing or feeding, leading to stagnation, accumulation, and mass formation. Manifestations include depressed spirit and qi, staring fixedly, facial muscle traction, locked jaw with salivation, abdominal distension, limb jerking, a state resembling death yet life, occasional vocalization or aphonia, opisthotonos (neck and back arching), or rigidity of the waist and spine. However, if the four limbs remain soft and the child regains consciousness temporarily after an attack, it is epilepsy. If the entire body is rigid and stiff, with no awakening throughout the day, it is spasm (Jing Syndrome/Spasm Disorder), which must be distinguished carefully.
Weng Kentang stated: *Quan Ying Fang* records: Wind epilepsy arises from improper care, disharmony of blood and qi, or wearing heavy clothing causing sweating and opening of the pores (Cou Li/Pores), allowing wind pathogens to invade. The pathology lies in the Liver (Liver), which governs wind. Symptoms include red eyes, greenish complexion, hair standing on end, and convulsions. Suitable formulas include Hupo San (Amber Powder), Qufeng Gao (Wind-Dispelling Ointment), and Daqing Gao (Major Blue Ointment). If heat is present, Sishun Yin (Four Smooth Infusion) is used. After the heat subsides, Lijing Wan (Fright-Relieving Pill) is administered to purge phlegm and saliva. Fright epilepsy arises from excess blood and qi, internal heat in the zang-fu organs, or fright and loud crying damaging the spirit and moving the mind, allowing external pathogens to enter. The pathology lies in the Heart (Heart), which governs fright. Symptoms include sudden screaming followed by convulsions. Suitable formulas include Hupo San (Amber Powder) and Zhenxin Wan (Heart-Calming Pill). If heat is present, Sishun Yin (Four Smooth Infusion) is used, followed by Lijing Wan (Fright-Relieving Pill) to purge. If no other diseases arise, the prognosis is favorable. Food epilepsy lies in the Spleen (Spleen), which receives food. Symptoms include belching and vomiting, followed immediately by convulsions. In this condition, the stool is often sour and foul-smelling; Ziwu Wan (Purple Pill) is used to purge. These three conditions are largely similar with minor differences and all belong to Yang epilepsy. Common features include rolling or deviated eyeballs, periodic limb convulsions, and sometimes pig-like sounds. Recovery occurs after the attack subsides. The general prognosis is nine survivors for every one death.