猪苓（十八铢味甘平去皮） 泽泻（一两六铢半味酸咸） 茯苓（十八铢） 桂枝（半
两去皮味辛热） 白术（十八铢味甘平）
上五味。为末。以白饮和。服方寸匕。日三服。多饮暖水。汗出。愈。
淡者。一也。口入一而为甘。甘甚而反淡。甘缓而淡渗。猪苓、白术、茯苓。三味
之甘。润虚燥而利津液。咸味下泄为阴。泽泻之咸。以泄伏水。辛甘发散为阳。桂枝之
辛甘。以和肌表。
张兼善云。烦渴用白虎。宜也。其用五苓散。渗津液。何哉。曰。白虎乃表证已解。
邪传里而烦渴者。今脉尚浮。身有微热而渴。乃表邪未全解。故用桂枝之辛。和肌表。白
术茯苓之甘淡。以润虚燥也。
王宇泰云。此说亦未莹。太阳、经也。膀胱、腑也。膀胱者。溺之室也。五苓散者。
利溺药也。膀胱者。津液之府。故东垣以渴为膀胱经本病。然则治渴者。当泻膀胱之热。
泻膀胱之热者。利小便而已矣。
发汗已。脉浮数。烦渴者。五苓散主之。
发汗已。脉浮数者。表邪未尽也。烦渴。亡津液。胃燥也。与五苓散。和表润燥。
伤寒。汗出而渴者。五苓散主之。不渴者。茯苓甘草汤主之。
伤寒汗出而渴者。亡津液。胃燥。邪气渐传里也。五苓散以和表里。若汗出不渴者。
邪气不传里。但在表而表虚也。与茯苓甘草汤。和表合卫。
Zhu Ling (Polyporus, *Polyporus umbellatus*) [18 zhu, sweet flavor, neutral nature, remove skin] Ze Xie (Alisma Rhizome, *Alismatis Rhizoma*) [1 liang 6 zhu half, sour and salty flavors] Fu Ling (Poria, *Poria cocos*) [18 zhu] Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig, *Cinnamomi Ramulus*) [half liang, remove skin, pungent and hot flavors] Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome, *Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma*) [18 zhu, sweet flavor, neutral nature]
The above five herbs. Grind into powder. Mix with rice water (*bai yin*). Administer one *fangcun bi* (a square-inch measure) per dose. Take three times daily. Drink plenty of warm water after administration. When sweat appears, the disease is cured.
The pale flavor has a general permeating action. Entering the mouth initially feels like sweetness; excessive sweetness appears pale. Sweetness relaxes, while paleness permeates. The sweet and pale properties of Zhu Ling, Bai Zhu, and Fu Ling moisten deficiency dryness and promote the flow of body fluids (*Jin Ye*). Salty flavor drains downward and belongs to Yin. The salty nature of Ze Xie drains latent water retention. Pungent and sweet flavors combined disperse and belong to Yang. The pungent and sweet nature of Gui Zhi harmonizes the muscle layer (*Ji Biao*).
Zhang Jianshan stated: For irritability and thirst, using Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is appropriate. Then why use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) to permeate body fluids? The answer is: Bai Hu Tang is indicated when the exterior syndrome has resolved, and pathogenic factors have transmitted inward causing irritability and thirst. Currently, the pulse is still floating, there is slight fever, and thirst, indicating that the exterior pathogen has not fully resolved. Therefore, the pungency of Gui Zhi is used to harmonize the muscle layer, and the sweet-pale nature of Bai Zhu and Fu Ling is used to moisten deficiency dryness.
Wang Yutai stated: This explanation is also not sufficiently clear. Tai Yang is a meridian; Bladder is an organ. The Bladder is the chamber for urine. Wu Ling San consists of herbs that promote urination. The Bladder is the mansion of body fluids. Therefore, Li Dongyuan considered thirst as the primary disease of the Bladder meridian. Thus, to treat thirst, one should drain the heat of the Bladder. To drain the heat of the Bladder, one merely promotes urination.
After sweating, if the pulse is floating and rapid, accompanied by irritability and thirst, Wu Ling San is the primary treatment.
After sweating, if the pulse is floating and rapid, it indicates that the exterior pathogen is not yet exhausted. Irritability and thirst result from the loss of body fluids and dryness in the Stomach. Administer Wu Ling San to harmonize the exterior and moisten dryness.
In Shaoyang cold damage, if there is sweating and thirst, Wu Ling San is the primary treatment. If there is no thirst, Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction) is the primary treatment.
In cold damage with sweating and thirst, body fluids are lost, the Stomach is dry, and pathogenic factors are gradually transmitting inward. Wu Ling San is used to harmonize the interior and exterior. If there is sweating but no thirst, it indicates that pathogenic factors have not transmitted inward but remain at the exterior with exterior deficiency. Administer Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang to harmonize the exterior and protect the defensive Qi (*Wei Qi*).