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First, the arrangement of order: external contraction diseases are discussed first, followed by internal injury diseases, and finally miscellaneous diseases. Anciently, the *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) is taken as the model; recently, *Yizong Bidu* (Readings for Medical Practitioners) and *Yixue Zhunsheng Liuyao* (Six Essentials of the Standard for Medicine) along with other schools' works are used as standards.

Second, each disease takes the principal disease as the outline, with similar ones attached to it, such as Lei Zhongfeng (Diseases resembling Stroke) being attached to the Zhongfeng (Stroke) section.

Third, the Six Channels diseases are collectively named Shanghan (Cold Damage). However, in the southeastern region, true Shanghan is rare, while Wenbing (Warm Diseases) are common. The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states: "All heat diseases belong to the category of Shanghan." Zhang Zhongjing, after discussing Zhongfeng and Shanghan, immediately follows with two sections on Wenbing and Fengwen (Wind-Warmth). The *Nanjing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states that "Shanghan has five types." I believe that Shanghan and Wenbing stand in opposition between North and South; Shanghan can encompass Wenbing, and Wenbing can also encompass Shanghan. Occurring in winter, it is called Dongwen (Winter Warmth); in spring, Fengwen; in summer, Wenre (Warm-Heat); in late summer, Shiwet (Damp-Warmth); after the Sanfu days, Fushu (Hidden Summerheat); in autumn, Qiuzao (Autumn Dryness), also commonly known as Qiuwen (Autumn Warmth). This is speaking according to seasonal timing. Zhang Zhongjing considers the severe type of Wenbing as Fengwen, and modern people sometimes call it Fuwen (Hidden Warmth). Therefore, Fengwen is taken as the outline of Wenbing, while Dongwen, Wenre, and Qiuzao are all attached to it. Only Shiwet and Fushu are distinctly different and are established as separate specialized topics. This is my humble view, combining previous learning from masters and several years of extensive study, briefly stating the intent of compilation as follows.

Regarding平时的论著及改窜门下之作 (平时的论著及修改弟子作品): The late master always had the intention to compile and publish, but did not complete it. The original manuscript was borrowed by his son. Last year, after his son passed away, the manuscript could not be found. Thus, several chapters from old copies are attached after this medical case record. These are but fragments, which I cannot bear to discard, so they are collected together, not caring about being ridiculed by the elegant scholars.

Third, Wu region has long been home to many good physicians. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Li Zhongzi of Songjiang, Miao Xiyong of Changshu, Xu Dachun of Wujiang, Ye Tianshi of Wuxian, and Lu Mouxiu of Yuanhe, their fame and writings shone brightly one after another. Although their attainments varied in purity and impurity, they can be considered outstanding founders of their own schools. Later came Mr. Zhang Yuqing of Wuxi. His courtesy name was Naixiu. His father was skilled in medicine. Mr. Zhang inherited family learning in his youth, furthered his studies diligently, thought broadly and verified extensively. He took Zhang Zhongjing's books as his main reference, while carefully considering the theories of Liu Wansu, Li Dongyuan, Zhu Danxi, and Xue Ji. In diagnosing diseases and prescribing formulas, his methods were infinitely variable, not sticking rigidly to the words of a single school. He wrote many theoretical discussions in his lifetime, most of which were lost. Only a few remain. Regarding Huoluan (Cholera-like disorder), he stated: "Huoluan involves more heat than cold," a point Wang Mengying had indeed made. However, regarding the differentiation of cold and heat syndromes, he had definite criteria. For example, in heat syndromes, several days before onset, symptoms like fire flashing in the eyes and burning sensation in the anus would appear. However, in my experience, patients suffering from vomiting and diarrhea invariably present with cold limbs, sticky sweat, hidden pulse, extreme restlessness and thirst, muscle spasms and retraction, and even loss of voice and sunken eyes. Even if a heat syndrome cured by Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) does not necessarily show these pre-onset fire signs as Wang Mengying described, a cold syndrome cured by Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) or Sini Tang (Recover the Prostrate Decoction) might not lack restlessness and thirst, nor present with manic behavior resembling heat syndromes. Village doctors often see cold limbs and hidden pulses, without asking about thirst or examining the tongue, and blindly prescribe Sini Tang, resulting in sudden recovery. Conversely, there are cases of cold limbs, hidden pulse, extreme restlessness and thirst, where drinking is possible, yet prescription of Baihu Tang with Earth Spring Water leads to death. Based on thirty years of clinical experience, I find the theory that heat syndromes show fire signs before onset difficult to believe. Only after using aromatic opening methods do heat signs manifest, allowing for accurate treatment against the disease. Heat syndromes may have dampness obstructing externally, while cold syndromes involve obstruction of Yang Qi. Aromatic opening methods are divided into warm-opening and clear-opening. Prescribing warm-opening for heat syndromes can still allow release; however, prescribing clear-opening for cold syndromes causes stagnation and blockage, which is a major harm. What is detestable is the arbitrary naming of conditions, such as Jiaochang Sha (Intestinal Twisting Sha), Diaojiao Sha (Leg-Hanging Sha), and Bie Luo Sha (Shrunken Spiral Sha). In severe Huoluan, the skin spirals on fingers invariably shrink. The *Neijing* states: "Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) warms the flesh, fills the skin, plumps the interstices, and controls opening and closing." In Huoluan, Wei Qi is obstructed, like putting a hand in water; dampness suppresses Wei Qi, leading to spiral shrinking, which is the meaning here. Regarding Dryness Syndrome: After the Autumn Equinox, one may suffer from cough with fever, thirst or no thirst. The dangerous transformation involves panting and rattling phlegm, thick and sticky sputum, with many deaths. Discussants label this as Fengwen, but it is actually Dryness Syndrome. Prolonged dryness in autumn allows Metal to overcome its controlled element (Wood), and the uncontrolled element (Wood) retaliates against Metal. The fire spreads like a prairie fire; strong fire consumes Qi, injuring Lung Qi; fire scorches fluids, injuring Lung Yin. Sticky phlegm is the boiled-down fluid. If phlegm color is mostly yellow, it indicates complication with damp-fire as a retaliation of dryness. Qi-damp is the transformed Qi of dryness. Wu Jutong said latent Qi transforms into fire, and transformed Qi becomes damp. Retaliation and transformation occur together, so phlegm contains dampness and is yellow; transformation is less, retaliation is more, so dampness cannot moisten dryness. Thus, we know that retaliatory Qi injuring the Lung causes internal dryness, which is distinct from the external cold-dryness of weather, verifiable by tongue, palpable by pulse, and observable in signs. In his later years living in Shanghai, his reputation grew heavier, and seekers from afar came in succession. At that time, famous physicians gathered in Shanghai, especially Chen Lianfang from Qingpu and Fei Shengfu from Wujin. These people were good at climbing social ladders, borrowing prestige, some claiming to be Imperial Physicians to shock the vulgar and extract high fees, yet their skills were shallow. Regardless of internal injury, external contraction, deficiency, excess, cold, or heat, they mixed ineffective drugs into existing formulas just to try. When Mr. Zhang first arrived in Shanghai, few knew him. One day, Mr. Lin suffered an asthma attack. Someone said Mr. Zhang had arrived. Imperial Physician Chen Lianfang was present, treated him with arrogance, and looked at his prescription, which consisted entirely of Jade Butterfly, Hundun Yi, Houpo Hua (Magnolia Flower), and other pseudo-medicinal substances. Mr. Zhang said, "I am shallow and unskilled, please allow me to ask: what are the nature and flavor of Houpo Hua?" Chen replied, "It is detailed in the Materia Medica." Mr. Zhang said, "There are many Materia Medicas. I have studied XX and XX, but I have never seen this drug. May I ask where it comes from?" Chen was speechless. After a long time, he said, "It is probably similar to Houpo." Mr. Zhang said solemnly, "I hope you warn them. Treating disease is not child's play." Chen nodded repeatedly, unable to answer. Mr. Zhang then prescribed a formula using Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root) and Rougui (Cinnamon Bark). Chen and the patient's family hesitated. Mr. Zhang firmly said, "If you do not believe, drink half, and you will know by midnight. Continue tomorrow. If something goes wrong, take my life." They followed his advice, finished the dose, and recovered. From then on, opinions unified, acknowledging that Mr. Zhang's learning truly had a foundation. Now, briefly describing other cases for review.

Zhu Baosan suffered from epigastric pain and salivation. There was gurgling sound in the epigastrium, feeling relieved after vomiting. Western medicine failed. Mr. Zhang said, "This is Water-Drink injuring the Stomach. Since Yuan Qi is not yet deficient, it can still be attacked and purged." Prescribed Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome), Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Fupi (Tangerine Peel), Fuling (Poria), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange), Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings), and Kongxian Dan (Phlegm-Draining Pill). After taking it, cold water was purged, vomiting stopped. Then Linggui Zhugan Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes, and Licorice Decoction) plus Jiaomu (Black Pepper Seed) for several doses. Epigastric comfort returned, urination normalized, but heartburn remained. Prescribed Qin (Scutellaria), Lian (Coptis), Ju (Tangerine Peel), Ban (Pinellia), Gui (Cinnamon), Shao (Peony), Jili (Tribulus), Xingren (Apricot Seed) to descend turbidity and suppress Liver Wood, resulting in cure.

Mr. Ding suffered from Warm Pathogen with high fever, extreme thirst, restlessness, coma, and faint red rash. Doctors used Lingyangjiao (Antelope Horn) and Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) without effect. Mr. Zhang observed his eyes were open, knowing there was Phlegm-Turbidity, added Yuanzhi (Polygala Root) and Zhuhuang (Bamboo Residue). Condition did not improve. Second visit: tongue crimson with thin white coating, occasional belching, cold limbs. Known as Dampness suppressing Heat-Latency. Changed to Sanren Tang (Three Seeds Decoction) removing Houpo, adding Huangqin (Scutellaria Root), Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome), Shichangpu (Acorus Rhizome). Restlessness greatly subsided, red spots appeared all over. Used Huaban Tang (Spot-Resolving Decoction) with heavy doses of Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn - now substituted with Buffalo Horn) and Shigao (Gypsum), resulting in cure.

Mrs. Gong suffered from cough, hemoptysis, sore throat, loss of voice, internal heat, and dry mouth. Various doctors used Yin-nourishing methods without effect; she wasted away daily. Mr. Zhang asked and learned the illness started from Cold invasion. Startled, he said, "This is the proverbial 'Cold Wrapping Fire'." Prescribed Maxing Gan Shi Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Licorice, and Gypsum Decoction), Chan Yi (Cicada Slough), Xiangbei (Fritillaria Bulb), Sangye (Mulberry Leaf), Fuling, Hei Guishen (Blackened Angelica Sinensis Root), Ou Jie (Lotus Node). Cough ceased, voice cleared. Continued with Qingyan Ningfei Tang (Clear Throat and Calm Lung Decoction) for recovery.

Lao suffered from insomnia for years. A famous doctor attributed it to Uncontained Deficient Yang, prescribed Yin-nourishing methods and Pearl Powder. After twenty doses, chest fullness and stomach dullness persisted, still no sleep. Mr. Zhang said, "This is Phlegm-Fire." Prescribed Wendan Tang (Warm Gallbladder Decoction), resulting in cure.

Yang Zixuan suffered from Wet-Warmth for three periods, sweating not profuse, chills on back and spine, fluctuating fever. Doctors were helpless. Mr. Zhang said, "This requires the strategy of 'Fortifying Walls and Clearing Fields', do not violate Grain Qi." Prescribed Yujin (Curcuma Rhizome), Xingren, Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), Huoxiang (Patchouli), Yiyiren (Coix Seed), Tongcao (Akebia Stem), Huashi (Talcum), Banxia. Continuous administration separated pathogen from dampness, allowed Qi movement and profuse sweating, resulting in cure.

Guangdong merchant Lin had no appetite and constipation, bowel movement once every forty days. Doctor attributed it to Yang Deficiency, prescribed Rongrong (Cistanche), Rougui, and Banshu Wan (Half-Sulfur Pill) without effect. Mr. Zhang said, "This is Stomach Yin Deficiency." Prescribed Sweet-Cool herbs, resulting in recovery.

Merchant Ding drank heavily, became drunk and unconscious, convulsions and tetanus. Doctor attributed it to Cold Damage with Yin involvement. Mr. Zhang said, "This is Wine-Heat stirring up Liver Yang." Prescribed Salty-Descending method. One dose showed improvement, two doses resolved.

Long Zhanlin suffered from insomnia. Other doctors first used Warm-Tonifying, then Yin-Nourishing, both ineffective. Mr. Zhang said, "This is Phlegm-Heat internally obstructing, Heart-Kidney non-interaction." Prescribed Dai Mao (Hawkbit Shell), Zhumu (Mother-of-Pearl), Longchi (Dragon Bone), Lingyangjiao, Dansheng (Arisaema with Bear Bile), Banxia, Gualou (Trichosanthes Fruit), Zhuru. Two doses, illness disappeared.

Fang Weiqing suffered from severe dysentery with hiccups, continuous for seven days and nights, nearly dying. Mr. Zhang palpated deep and wiry pulse, confirmed history of epigastric pain. Prescribed Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) plus Heibai Chou (Black and White Morning Glory Seeds), Dingxiang (Clove). One dose, hiccups stopped. Reused Qingliu Yin (Clear Six Drinks) plus Erling (Polyporus and Alisma), Yiyiren, Huashi, Xiangfu (Cyperus Rhizome), Sharen (Amomum Fruit), Hupo (Fossilized Wood). Dysentery also stopped.

All curative experiences of Mr. Zhang known to me end here. Among his hundred disciples, perhaps some know details or understand deeply. Essentially, his analysis is precise, penetrating obstructions, rooted in Classics, transcendent understanding, none of this is outside the scope. Mr. Zhang died in his sixties. To this day, his methods are called Zhang's Medical Methods.

Xiao Tui said: When I was twenty-seven, I carried my book box to study under Mr. Zhang. Observing his clear and lofty demeanor, bright and resonant voice, I admired him, thinking him a杰出 scholar hiding in art, how could this be accidental? Medicine, though a minor skill, cannot speak of profound mastery without lofty aspirations above the world, style of valuing righteousness over wealth. Mr. Zhang treated the poor and lowly without charging a penny, all effective instantly. He had eight or nine brothers, all died young. He raised his nephews, who each achieved fame. In the Guangxu reign of Qing, edict summoned famous physicians nationwide. Nobles recommended him, but Mr. Zhang strongly refused. All these are difficult for others; thus his ambition reveals his skill.