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Wuyao (Linderae Radix): Bitter, pungent, warm. Enters the Qi level of the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian and the Foot Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. Treats cold qi rushing from the bladder to the back; dissipates cold bi-syndrome caused by wind-dampness invading the stomach. Treats diarrhea and dysentery, stops abdominal pain. Ground into water and administered orally, it can treat various diseases in cats and dogs. Combined with Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), it treats abdominal cold qi pain. Combined with Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), it treats headache due to qi reversal. Paired with Xiao Qingpi (Immature Tangerine Peel), it eliminates severe pain from the Five Accumulations. Assisted with Yizhiren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fruit), it treats frequent urination. Soak in wine overnight, remove the woody core before use. It may also be stir-fried and ground for use. Contraindicated in cases of Qi deficiency and internal heat.

Yunxiang (Myrrha): Also known as Yunxiang. Pungent, bitter, neutral. Enters the Hand and Foot Taiyin (Lung and Spleen) meridians. Primarily treats rashes caused by wind-heat; overcomes dampness in the muscle layer. Applied to the gums, it stops vomiting and dysentery, invigorates blood, generates flesh, drains pus, and relieves pain. Paired with Ge Fen (Concha Arcae) and Jiang Zhi (Ginger Juice), it treats hematemesis and epistaxis. Internal administration is generally not advisable.

Ruxiang (Olibanum): Pungent, bitter, warm. Enters the Qi level of the Hand Shaoyin Heart Meridian. Dispels wind and extends tendons, invigorates blood and removes pain, and treats residual toxins after smallpox/variolous eruptions; also treats traumatic injuries. Combined with Danfan (Alumen), calcined and ground, applied externally to treat onychocryptosis with hypertrophic granulation tissue. Combined with Luxue (Cervi Cornus Colligens Blood) and Zhen Cha (True Tea Leaves), it treats heart and abdominal qi pain. Paired with Ludou (Phaseoli Semen) and Zhusha (Cinnabaris), ground and mixed with water for oral administration, it expels toxins outward and protects the heart. (This allows toxic vapors to exit outward, preventing internal invasion.) Assisted with Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), it treats insomnia due to Gallbladder deficiency. Assisted with Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), it facilitates smooth delivery of the fetus. Bake on bamboo leaf to remove oil; grind together with Dengxincao (Junci Medulla) for fine powder.

Moyao (Myrrha): Bitter, neutral, slightly cold. Enters the Blood level of the Twelve Meridians. Ruxiang's function specializes in invigorating blood to settle pain; Moyao's function specializes in dispersing blood to reduce swelling. Combined with Hu Jinggu (Tigris Ossis), it treats Li Jie Feng pain (pain affecting multiple joints). Paired with Xuexue (Draconis Sanguis) and Tong Bian (Infant Urine), it removes postpartum lochia retention. Bake on bamboo leaf to remove oil; grind together with Dengxincao (Junci Medulla) for fine powder. Contraindicated in three conditions: abscesses that have already ulcerated, abdominal pain due to blood deficiency, and pregnancy. For pain due to Qi and Blood stagnation, and swelling due to accumulation of sores and toxins, both Ruxiang and Moyao are used. This is because blood stagnation leads to Qi stasis, Qi stasis leads to fullness in the collaterals, resulting in pain and swelling. With Ruxiang and Moyao to unblock Qi and Blood, pain and swelling naturally subside. However, Qi and Blood stagnation can also result from Qi deficiency failing to move or Blood deficiency failing to flow. There are cases where pathogenic factors enter the muscles, causing Qi and Blood coagulation and stagnation. One must examine whether the condition is excess or deficiency, apply tonification or dispersion accordingly, using Ruxiang and Moyao as assistants, rather than relying solely on agents that disperse and invigorate blood for therapeutic effect.