一名月月红
甘，温。活血。敷毒，治痘疮。触经秽而变色。采子含，痛牙立止。
一名瓜蒌
枸杞为之使。畏牛膝、干漆。恶干姜。反乌头。
甘，寒。润下。入手少阴经络。荡涤胸膈之邪热，消除肺经之结痰。润肠胃，疗乳痈。
降上焦气逆，止消渴喘嗽。
得赤小豆，治肠风下血。得乌梅，治咳血。配葱白、神曲，治酒 呕吐。配青黛、香附，治
妇人夜热。佐川连，治便毒。
佐枳实，治结胸。取汁和蜜，入朴硝少许，治时疾狂闷发黄。通大便，研酒调下，或炒香酒
下。恐滑肠，去油用。咳嗽，
明矾制，或蛤粉和炒。气味悍劣，善动恶心，中气虚者禁用。
即栝蒌根
枸杞为之使。畏牛膝、干漆。恶干姜。
甘、微苦、酸、微寒。入足太阴，兼手少阴经。内走经络，解时热烦满。清肺火，降膈
痰，止消渴，润干燥，消痈
肿，长肌肉，利小便，治黄胆，除酒毒，疗热疝。得乳香，治乳痈。得白蜜，治发黄。配牡
蛎为散，治百合病渴。配淡
竹沥，治伤寒烦渴。配赤小豆，敷痈毒。入辛酸药，导肿气。入滋补药，治消渴。胃虚湿痰，
亡阳作渴，病在表者，禁
用。（虽渴亦勿用。）
茎、叶，酸，寒。专治中热伤暑。
即土瓜
苦，寒。入手足阳明经。治热病，疗黄胆，通经利便，下乳散痈。配白石脂、桂心、菟
丝子
、牡蛎，治肾虚溲如泔。配黄酒，通乳汁。取汁和伏龙肝，治发斑。
虚者禁用。
子 酸、苦，平。入手太阴、阳明经。佐地黄、川连，治下血。
[Chinese Rose (Rosa chinensis)]
Also known as Yueyuehong.
Sweet, warm. Invigorates blood. Applied externally to detoxify and treat smallpox sores. Changes color when exposed to menstrual impurities. Seeds collected and held in the mouth can immediately relieve toothache.
[Gua Lou (Trichosanthes fruit)]
Also known as Gua Lou.
Guided by Gouqi (Lycii Fructus). Incompatible with Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Ganqi (Drynariae Rhizoma / or potentially Toosendan Fructus context dependent, but here likely referring to specific incompatibility). Dislikes Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma). Counteracts Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata).
Sweet, cold. Promotes downward purgation. Enters the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) meridian-collaterals. Sweeps away pathogenic heat from the chest and diaphragm, eliminates phlegm stagnation in the Lung meridian. Moistens the intestines and stomach, treats breast abscess (Ru Yong).
Descends rebellious Qi in the Upper Jiao, stops Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst) and wheezing cough.
Combined with Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean), treats intestinal wind bleeding. Combined with Wu Mei (Mume Fructus), treats hemoptysis. Paired with Congbai (Scallion White) and Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), treats alcohol-induced vomiting. Paired with Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) and Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), treats night fever in women. Assisted by Chuanlian (Coptidis Rhizoma), treats biandu (perianal abscess).
Assisted by Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), treats Jie Xiong (chest binding syndrome). Juice mixed with honey, with a little Puxiao (Mirabilite), treats epidemic diseases causing mania, oppression, and jaundice. For unblocking bowels, grind into powder and take with wine, or stir-fry until fragrant and take with wine. If concerned about loose stools, remove the oil. For cough, process with Mingfan (Alumen) or stir-fry with Ge Fen (Glochinis Powder). The flavor is harsh and offensive, prone to inducing nausea; contraindicated for those with deficient Middle Qi.
[Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthes Root / Tian Hua Fen)]
This is Gua Lou Gen.
Guided by Gouqi (Lycii Fructus). Incompatible with Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) and Ganqi (Drynariae Rhizoma). Dislikes Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma).
Sweet, slightly bitter, sour, slightly cold. Enters the Foot Taiyin (Spleen) meridian, and also the Hand Shaoyin (Heart) meridian. Moves inward through the meridians, resolves fullness and vexation caused by seasonal heat. Clears Lung fire, descends phlegm from the diaphragm, stops wasting-thirst, moistens dryness, dissipates carbuncles and swellings, promotes muscle growth, benefits urination, treats jaundice, removes alcohol toxicity, treats hot hernia. Combined with Ruxiang (Olibanum), treats breast abscess. Combined with Baimi (White Honey), treats jaundice. Paired with Muli (Concha Ostreae) as a powder, treats Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) thirst. Paired with Danzhuli (Bamboo Sap), treats vexation and thirst from Shang Han (Cold Damage). Paired with Chixiaodou (Adzuki Bean), applied externally to treat carbuncle toxins. Added to acrid and sour herbs to guide swelling qi. Added to tonifying herbs to treat wasting-thirst. Contraindicated for those with Spleen deficiency and damp-phlegm, Yang collapse with thirst, or exterior syndromes. (Even if thirsty, do not use.)
Stems and leaves: Sour, cold. Specifically treats heat stroke and summerheat injury.
[Tu Gua Gen (Trichosanthes Root / Wild Melon Root)]
This is Tu Gua.
Bitter, cold. Enters the Hand Yangming (Large Intestine) and Foot Yangming (Stomach) meridians. Treats febrile diseases, jaundice, unblocks menstruation and facilitates urination/bowel movements, promotes lactation, and dissipates abscesses. Paired with Baishizhi (Kaolinite), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen), and Muli (Concha Ostreae), treats kidney deficiency causing urine resembling rice water. Paired with Huangjiu (Yellow Wine), promotes lactation. Juice mixed with Fulonggan (Caoshixiu), treats macules/rashes.
Contraindicated for the deficient.
Seeds: Sour, bitter, neutral. Enters the Hand Taiyin (Lung) and Hand Yangming (Large Intestine) meridians. Assisted by Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) and Chuanlian (Coptidis Rhizoma), treats lower bleeding.