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Ji Baizhan (Beech Wax).
Sweet, warm. Promotes tissue regeneration and relieves pain; stops bleeding and unites fractures. Combined with crucian carp, treats intestinal redness (hematochezia). Formulated as a paste with *Paeonia suffruticosa* bark, promotes muscle growth. Added to blood-cooling and kidney-nourishing prescriptions, treats hematuria. Used in pills and powders, kills phthisis worms (pathogens of consumptive diseases such as tuberculosis).

Salty, sour, cold, astringent. Enters the Qi level of the Large Intestine channel. Astringes the Lung and stops bleeding; collects phlegm and stops sweating; eliminates diarrhea and astringes sores. Combined with salted plum, treats hematuria. Combined with dark plum (*Mume Fructus*), treats persistent dysentery with pus and blood.
Combined with Schisandra berry, stops evening cough. Combined with Vitex fruit, treats wind-toxicity attacking the eyes. Combined with crucian carp, treats visceral toxicity (intestinal damp-heat toxin).
Combined with alum, treats wind in the intestines with lower bleeding (hematochezia). Mixed with buckwheat flour, treats night sweats during sleep. Combined with scorpion, applied into the ear. Combined with lead oxide, applied externally for wind-eye redness and ulceration.
Combined with dried tea leaves from the twelfth lunar month, applied to damp sores on the scrotum. (Adding a small amount of calomel is better.)
Can be stir-fried or used raw.

Baiyao Jian (Hundred Medicines Decoction)
Also known as fermented gallnut.
Sour, salty, slightly sweet. Clears the Lung and transforms phlegm. (Able to gather stubborn phlegm throughout the body into one location for expulsion.) Combined with sophora flower, treats bloody dysentery caused by alcohol toxicity. Assisted by charred shepherd's purse herb, treats lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Combined with raw alum powder, mixed with oil, applied to infant eyebrow crusts and tinea.

Incompatible with Inula flower.

Salty, sweet, neutral. Enters the Foot Shaoyin (Kidney) and Foot Jueyin (Liver) channels. Benefits essence and qi, secures Kidney Yin, unblocks five types of strangury, stops turbid urination. Combined with Scutellaria root, treats urinary retention. Paired with Ginseng and dragon bone, treats deficiency sweating and turbid urination. Assisted by Pseudobulbus Belamcandae and rhinoceros horn, treats sore throat. Wine-fried, ground into powder, taken with plain water, treats postpartum enuresis and blood obstruction.
Soaked in hot starch water overnight, then roasted until yellow before use. If used raw, it causes diarrhea. Those with flourishing yin-fire will find it exacerbates fire and leaks essence.

Avoid: Platycodon root, Poria, Poria with pine roots, Dioscorea hypoglauca, and Mantis egg case.

Salty, pungent, slightly warm. Slightly toxic. Enters the Hand Taiyin (Lung) and Foot Jueyin (Liver) channels. Calms toxic phlegm formed by rebellious ministerial fire, treats severe malaria caused by wind-heat invading the Liver, dispels skin itching like insects crawling, treats mouth lock due to wind-warmth phlegm binding, treats pediatric convulsive malnutrition, stops leukorrhea and metrorrhagia in women. Combined with raw alum, calcined alum, and ginger juice, treats wind in the throat. Combined with ginger juice, treats all types of wind-phlegm.
Combined with green onion and tea, treats cephalalgia due to wind. Combined with borneol and borax, treats throat bi-obstruction. (Adding saltpeter is better.) Paired with dark plum, treats wind in the intestines with lower bleeding. Combined with snake slough, bathing helps improve scaly skin in infants. Soaked in white horse urine, treats abdominal "turtle" parasites. Mixed with soapberry water, rubbed on teeth to remove dental worms. The stiff ones are male silkworms; those that break open to reveal a black, shiny interior are authentic. Soak in rice washing water to remove saliva, drain, roast dry, wipe off yellow-white hairs and mouth parts, stir-fry and grind for use. Washing with wine and stir-frying is also acceptable.
Contraindicated in cases without wind-pathogen.

Can Cocoon
Those already hatched into moths.
Sweet, warm. Burned to ash and taken with wine, promotes drainage of carbuncles and ulcers, treats bleeding from both bowels and bladder. Boiled and drunk, expels roundworms, treats retroflexion vomiting.

Can Tui Zhi (Silkworm Cast Skin Paper)
Sweet, neutral. Treats smallpox and chickenpox, removes corneal opacity. Mixed with musk and honey, applied externally for carbuncle toxins and mouth sores, treats heat-strangury resembling blood. Mixed with wine and water, ingested, treats evil influences, stops metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, eliminates dysentery, dispels wind in the intestines.
Charred retaining its nature.

Male Silkworm Moth
Salty, warm. Slightly toxic. Hot in nature. Secures essence and strengthens yang. Stops hematuria, applied externally for various sores.
Remove head, legs, and wings. Processing method same as *Bombyx Batryticatus*. Contraindicated in cases of flourishing Kidney fire.

Can Sha (Silkworm Feces)
Processed with sand, saltpeter, and calomel.
Sweet, pungent, warm. Dispels wind-dampness, applies heat to soothe carbuncles. Combined with pure wine, applies heat to treat wind-bi obstruction. (Use three dou of wine and five dou of silkworm feces, steam thoroughly, spread on a mat for the patient to lie on, cover thickly to induce sweating, keeping the head and face exposed to prevent fainting. If not cured, repeat every other day using the same method until cured.) Combined with Angelica pubescens, treats inability to move limbs and joints. Mixed with sesame oil, applied for marginal blepharitis.
Washed clean and sun-dried for use. For dispelling wind-dampness, mix with wine and stir-fry before use.