小儿热证有七∶面腮红、大便秘、小便黄、渴不止、上气急、足心热、眼红赤，此皆实
小儿寒证有七∶面 白、粪青白、肚虚胀喜按、眼珠青、吐泻无热、足胫冷、睡露睛
舌乃心之苗。红紫，心热也；肿黑，心火极也；淡白，虚也。鼻准与牙床，乃脾之窍。
鼻红燥，脾热也；惨黄，败也。牙床红肿，热也；破烂，胃火也。唇乃脾之窍。红紫，热也
；淡白，虚也；黑者，脾将绝也。口右扯，肝风也；左扯，脾之痰也。鼻孔肺之窍。干燥，
热也；流清涕，寒也。耳与齿，乃肾之窍。耳鸣，气不和也；耳流脓，肾热也；齿如黄豆，
肾气绝也。目乃肝之窍。斜视而睛转者，风也；直视而睛不转者，肝气将绝也。以目分言之
，又属五脏之窍。黑珠属肝，纯是黄白，凶证也。白珠属肺，色青，肝风侮肺也；淡黄色，
腑有积滞也；老黄色，乃肺受湿热也。瞳仁属肾，无光彩又兼发黄，肾气虚也。大角属大肠
，破烂，肺有风也；小角属小肠，破烂，心有热也。上胞属脾，肿则脾伤也；下胞属胃，青
色胃有风也。睡而露睛者，脾胃虚极也。面有五位，五脏各有所属。额属心，离火也；左腮
属肝，震木也；右腮属肺，兑金也；口下属肾，坎水也；鼻准属脾，坤土也。五脏里也，六
腑表也。小肠，心之表，小便黄短涩痛，心热也；清长而利，心虚也。胃乃脾之表，唇红而
吐，胃热也；唇惨白而吐，胃虚也；唇色平常而吐，作伤胃论。大肠肺之表，闭结，肺有火
也；肺无热而便闭，血枯也，不可攻下；脱肛，肺虚。胆乃肝之表，口苦，胆火也；闻声作
惊，肝虚也。膀胱肾之表，筋肿筋痛，肾之寒气入膀胱也。面有五色，红病在心，面红者热
；青病在肝，面青者痛；黄病在脾，面黄者脾伤；白病在肺，面白者中寒；黑病在肾，面黑
而无润色者，肾气败也。望其色，若异于平日，而苗窍之色，与面色不相符，则脏腑虚实，
无有不验者矣。
There are seven manifestations of heat syndromes in children: redness of the cheeks, constipation, yellow urine, unquenchable thirst, upward qi rush with rapid breathing, heat in the soles of the feet, and red eyes. These all indicate excess syndromes (Excess Syndrome).
There are also seven manifestations of cold syndromes in children: pale complexion, greenish-white stool, abdominal distension that is empty and prefers pressure, bluish eyeballs, vomiting and diarrhea without fever, cold calves and shins, and sleeping with eyes partially open (Sleeping with Exposed Pupils).
The tongue is the sprout of the Heart. Red or purple color indicates Heart Heat; swelling and blackening indicate extreme Heart Fire; pale white color indicates deficiency. The tip of the nose and the gums are the apertures of the Spleen. Red and dry nose tip indicates Spleen Heat; sallow yellow complexion indicates deterioration. Red and swollen gums indicate Heat; broken gums indicate Stomach Fire. The lips are the aperture of the Spleen. Red or purple lips indicate Heat; pale white lips indicate Deficiency; black lips indicate that Spleen Qi is about to fail. Deviation of the mouth corner to the right indicates Liver Wind; deviation to the left indicates Phlegm in the Spleen. The nostrils are the apertures of the Lung. Dryness indicates Heat; clear nasal discharge indicates Cold. The ears and teeth are the apertures of the Kidney. Tinnitus indicates disharmony of Qi; purulent otorrhea indicates Kidney Heat; teeth resembling soybeans (shrivelled) indicate that Kidney Qi is about to fail. The eyes are the aperture of the Liver. Strabismus with rotating eyeballs indicates Wind; fixed gaze with non-rotating eyeballs indicates that Liver Qi is about to fail. Speaking specifically of the eyes, they also serve as apertures for the Five Zang Organs. The black part of the eye belongs to the Liver; if it is purely yellowish-white, it is a ominous sign. The white part of the eye belongs to the Lung; blueish color indicates Liver Wind invading the Lung; pale yellow indicates accumulation in the Fu organs; dark yellow indicates Lung affected by Damp-Heat. The pupil belongs to the Kidney; lack of luster combined with yellowing indicates Kidney Qi Deficiency. The outer canthus belongs to the Large Intestine; ulceration indicates Wind in the Lung. The inner canthus belongs to the Small Intestine; ulceration indicates Heat in the Heart. The upper eyelid belongs to the Spleen; swelling indicates Spleen injury. The lower eyelid belongs to the Stomach; bluish color indicates Wind in the Stomach. Sleeping with exposed pupils indicates extreme Deficiency of the Spleen and Stomach. There are five areas on the face, each corresponding to a Zang Organ. The forehead belongs to the Heart, associated with Li Fire; the left cheek belongs to the Liver, associated with Zhen Wood; the right cheek belongs to the Lung, associated with Dui Metal; the area below the mouth belongs to the Kidney, associated with Kan Water; the nose tip belongs to the Spleen, associated with Kun Earth. The Five Zang Organs are interior, while the Six Fu Organs are exterior. The Small Intestine is the exterior counterpart of the Heart; yellow, short, painful, and difficult urination indicates Heart Heat; clear, long, and free urination indicates Heart Deficiency. The Stomach is the exterior counterpart of the Spleen; red lips with vomiting indicate Stomach Heat; pale white lips with vomiting indicate Stomach Deficiency; normal lip color with vomiting should be treated as Food Injury affecting the Stomach. The Large Intestine is the exterior counterpart of the Lung; constipation indicates Fire in the Lung; constipation without Lung Heat indicates Blood Withering, and purgatives should not be used; rectal prolapse indicates Lung Deficiency. The Gallbladder is the exterior counterpart of the Liver; bitter taste indicates Gallbladder Fire; startle at sound indicates Liver Deficiency. The Bladder is the exterior counterpart of the Kidney; tendon swelling and pain indicate Cold Qi from the Kidney entering the Bladder. There are five colors on the face: red disease is in the Heart, where a red face indicates Heat; green disease is in the Liver, where a green face indicates Pain; yellow disease is in the Spleen, where a yellow face indicates Spleen Injury; white disease is in the Lung, where a white face indicates Interior Cold; black disease is in the Kidney, where a black face without luster indicates failure of Kidney Qi. Observing the complexion, if it differs from usual, and the color of the facial apertures does not match the facial complexion, then the deficiency or excess of the Zang and Fu organs will be accurately diagnosed.