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The nose is the orifice of the Lung. Once wind-cold pathogens stagnate, the airway becomes congested, body fluids fail to be retained, and flow out as turbid nasal discharge. If cold coagulation does not dissipate, over time one may lose the sense of smell and taste for fragrant and foul odors; Xinyi San (Magnolia Flower Powder) is used to treat this. If wind-cold is accompanied by heat, there will be dryness of the nose and insomnia. Additionally, if a nursing mother exhales through her nose while sleeping, blowing the breath onto the infant's fontanelle (the soft spot on the top of an infant's head), it can also cause nasal congestion, preventing breastfeeding; Kaiguan San (Opening the Lock Powder) is used to treat this.

Bi Yuan (Nasal Sinusitis) presents with two types of symptoms: when wind enters the Gallbladder and transfers heat to the Brain, the Brain seeks the orifice in the nose to discharge fluid; thick and foul-smelling discharge indicates an Excess-Heat syndrome, treated with Danggui Tang (Angelica Decoction). If clear, non-foul-smelling nasal discharge flows for years without healing, it is a sign of Lung Qi Deficiency and Cold; treatment should employ Shishou Yunaotang (Stonehead Fish Brain Decoction). Furthermore, if constrained fire fails to vent and the portals are blocked, resulting in thick, sticky, turbid discharge that is either hard or yellow, obstruction without sneezing causes unbearable distension and fullness, while sneezing causes pain in the nasal bridge; Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder) must be used.

Xinyi San (Magnolia Flower Powder)
Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Ben Cao (Ligustici Rhizoma et Radix), Xin Yi (Magnoliae Flos), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis), Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).

Kaiguan San (Opening the Lock Powder)
Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Chuan Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica), Xi Xin Ye (Asari Folium), Bai Jiang Can (Bombyx Batryticatus), Zao Jiao (Gleditsiae Fructus) (burned until carbonized but retaining its nature, equal parts).
Grind into fine powder, mash together with raw scallion white stalks to form a paste, wrap securely in red silk, and apply to the fontanelle at bedtime.

Danggui Tang (Angelica Decoction)
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (5 qian), Yuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix) (3 qian), Xin Yi (Magnoliae Flos) (1 qian), Chao Zhi Zi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-fried) (8 fen), Bei Mu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus) (5 fen), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) (3 fen).

Shishou Yunaotang (Stonehead Fish Brain Decoction)
He Zi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (each 1 qian), Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Spica), Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (each 5 fen), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix) (2 qian), Shishou Yunaogu (Otolithus argenteus brain bone) (5 qian, carbonized).
Grind into fine powder. First decoct the aforementioned herbs, strain off the dregs, add the powder, boil for one or two more boils, and take orally.

Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free and Easy Wanderer Powder)
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Shao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fu Ling (Poria), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber).

Xian (Sunken Fontanelle) results from deficiency of Blood and Qi, unable to ascend to fill the Marrow of the Brain, or due to sinking from diarrhea and dysentery, failing to become level and full. Generally, use roasted dog skull bone ground into powder, mixed with egg white for external application.

Tian (Protruding Fontanelle) is caused by irregular feeding, leading to contraction of Cold Damage Heat, with rebellious Qi rushing and filling, causing sudden protrusion. The hair is short and yellow, trembling and sweating spontaneously. If caused by Cold, it remains hard and unyielding; if caused by Heat, it is soft and unsupported. For Cold, apply warming methods; for Heat, apply cooling methods. Simultaneously regulate the Qi and subdue the rebellion, and recovery will surely follow.

Jie (Splitting/Delayed Closure of Fontanelle) occurs when a child is older, yet the cranial sutures remain open and do not close. This is due to insufficiency of Kidney Qi and emptiness of the Brain Marrow. Like a tree without roots, how can it be nurtured? At this time, only use Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia), adding Gui Ban (Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum), formed into pills, taken orally with warm water on an empty stomach. Externally, use Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) and Bai Zi Ren (Biota Semen), removing oil and grinding into powder, applied with breast milk. Alternatively, use Hua Yin Xi Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma from Huayin), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), ground into powder, applied with breast milk; this is also often effective.

Liuwei Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill)
Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix) (8 liang), Shan Yu Rou (Corni Fructus), Shan Yao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma) (each 4 liang), Fu Ling (Poria), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex) (each 3 liang).

Cheng Gesi said: Zhang Zhongjing's original formula contained Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) and Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), each 1 liang, named Bawei Wan (Eight-Ingredient Pill). Qian Yi stated that children possess "tender Yang" and thus there is no rationale for tonifying Yang, so he removed Gui Zhi and Fu Zi to treat pediatric cases. In recent times, worldly physicians dare not even administer Liuwei Dihuang Wan to children.