治伤寒温毒，表里俱热。狂叫欲走，烦躁大渴，面赤鼻干，两目如火，身形拘
得汗，或已经汗下。过经不解，三焦大热，谵狂鼻衄，身目俱黄，六脉洪数，及阳
（陶节庵曰∶此因热在三焦，闭塞经络，津液营卫不通，遂成此证。）
生石膏（两半） 黄芩 黄连 黄柏（五钱） 栀子（三十个炒黑） 麻黄（去节） 淡
豉（二两）
表里之邪热俱盛，故以黄芩泻上焦之火，黄连泻中焦之火，黄柏泻下焦之火。栀子通泻
三焦
（东垣） 治大便不通，小便赤涩，身面俱肿，色黄麻木，身重如山，喘促无力，
唾沫，发热时躁，躁已振寒。项额如冰，目中溜火，鼻不闻香，脐有动气，少腹急痛。
垣曰∶此宿有湿热，伏于营血之中。木火乘于阳道为上盛，短气喘促，为阴火伤气，四
弱，为肾水不足。冬时寒水得令，乘其肝木，克火凌木，大胜必有大复，故见诸证。）
青皮 陈皮 黄连（酒炒） 黄柏（酒炒） 甘草（炙） 升麻（二分） 柴胡 桂枝 人
参黄
白豆蔻 炒曲
前证盖因表里俱伤，阳气抑不得升，故风火湿热，郁而为病也。桂枝麻黄，解表去风。
升麻
而青
苍
清
治证既多，故所用表里寒热补泻之药俱备。但皆气药，而无血药，与五积不同。）
（局方 治四时感冒，头痛发热，或兼内伤，胸膈满闷，嗳气恶食。内经曰∶卑下之地，
春气常在，故东南卑湿之区，风气柔弱，易感风寒，俗称感冒，受邪肤浅之名也。由鼻而入，
在于上部，客于皮肤，故无六经形证，唯发热头痛而已。胸满嗳气恶食，则兼内伤也。轻为
感冒，重者为伤，又重者为中。）
香附（炒） 紫苏（二钱） 陈皮（去白一钱） 甘草（七分） 加姜葱煎。伤食加消
导药，咳嗽加
卒痛加延胡索
紫苏疏表气而散外寒，香附行里气而消内壅，橘红能兼行表里以佐之，（橘红利气，兼
能发
[Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three-Yellow Stone-Heart Decoction)] Treats Shanghan warm-toxin (Cold damage warm-toxin), with heat in both the exterior and interior. Manifestations include manic shouting and a desire to run, severe irritability and thirst, red face, dry nose, eyes burning like fire, physical stiffness and constraint. Symptoms persist after sweating, or if sweating and purging have already been performed. The pathogen has passed through the meridians but remains unresolved, causing excessive heat in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), delirium, mania, epistaxis (nosebleed), jaundice of the body and eyes, and a surging and rapid pulse in all six positions. (Tao Jian'an stated: This occurs because heat is located in the Sanjiao, blocking the collaterals, preventing the free flow of Body Fluids, Ying, and Wei. Thus, this syndrome forms.)
Prescription Composition: Sheng Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, half jin), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (each five qian), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus, thirty pieces, stir-fried until black), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, nodes removed), Danshi (Sojae Praeparatum, two liang).
Formula Analysis: Since pathogenic heat in both the exterior and interior is abundant, Huangqin is used to clear heat from the Upper Jiao, Huanglian to clear heat from the Middle Jiao, and Huangbai to clear heat from the Lower Jiao. Zhizi unblockedly clears heat from the Sanjiao.
[Mahuang Baizhu Tang (Ephedra and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction)] (Li Dongyuan's formula) Treats constipation, scanty and painful urination, edema of the body and face, yellowish and numb skin, heaviness of the body as if weighted down, panting with weakness, excessive saliva, restlessness during fever followed by chills. The neck and forehead feel cold, eyes appear fiery, loss of smell, pulsation at the umbilicus, and acute pain in the lower abdomen. (Li Dongyuan stated: This is due to pre-existing damp-heat lurking within the Ying and Blood. Wood and Fire qi overacting on the Yang pathways cause excess in the upper part; shortness of breath and panting result from Yin Fire damaging Qi; weakness in the limbs results from insufficiency of Kidney Water. In winter, Cold Water is in command, attacking Liver Wood, suppressing Heart Fire and bullying Liver Wood. Extreme excess must be followed by a retaliatory reaction, hence the various symptoms appear.)
Prescription Composition: Qingpi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus Pericarpium), Chenpi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, wine-fried), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, wine-fried), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, two fen), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Baidoukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Chao Qu (Medicated Leaven, stir-fried).
Formula Analysis: The aforementioned syndromes are likely caused by injury to both exterior and interior, where Yang Qi is suppressed and cannot ascend, leading to the stagnation of Wind, Fire, Dampness, and Heat. Guizhi and Mahuang resolve the exterior and dispel Wind. Because the treated syndromes are numerous, the prescription includes herbs for resolving the exterior and interior, clearing heat and warming cold, tonifying and purging. However, these are primarily Qi-moving herbs without Blood-invigorating herbs, which differs from Wuji Dispersal Powder (Wuji San).
[Xiangsu Yin (Fragrant Perilla Infusion)] (From *Ju Fang*) Treats common colds in all four seasons, characterized by headache and fever, or accompanied by internal injury, chest and diaphragm fullness, belching, and aversion to food. The *Neijing* states: In low-lying areas, Spring Qi is always present. Therefore, in the low and damp regions of the southeast, the Wind Qi is weak and gentle, making one susceptible to Wind-Cold. Commonly called "Ganmao" (Cold Sensation), it refers to a superficial pathogenic invasion. The pathogen enters via the nose, resides in the upper part, and lodges in the skin. Thus, there are no Six Meridian manifestations, only fever and headache. If accompanied by chest fullness, belching, and aversion to food, it involves internal injury. Mild cases are Ganmao, heavier cases are Shang (Injury), and even heavier cases are Zhong (Strike).
Prescription Composition: Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma, stir-fried), Zisu (Perillae Folium, two qian), Chenpi (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium, white pith removed, one qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, seven fen). Decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Congbai (Allii Fistulosum). For food stagnation, add digestion-promoting herbs; for cough, add antitussive herbs; for sudden pain, add Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma).
Formula Analysis: Zisu disperses Exterior Qi and dissipates External Cold; Xiangfu regulates Interior Qi and eliminates internal stagnation; Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum) can act on both Exterior and Interior to assist them. (Juhong promotes Qi circulation and also aids in dispersion...)