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Zhou Mengjue stated: When one is injured by cold in winter and falls ill immediately, it is termed Shanghan (Cold Damage). If the illness does not manifest immediately but the pathogenic factor lies dormant within, emerging in spring along with the rising Yang Qi, it is termed Wenbing (Warm Disease). The symptoms include headache and stiffness of the neck, which are no different from those of Shanghan. The difference lies only in that at the onset, there is no aversion to cold, but rather immediate fever, and the pulse is rapid (Shu). Shanghan moves from the exterior to the interior, so it is imperative to first release the exterior. Wenbing moves from the interior to the exterior, so it is imperative to first clear the interior. Hence, there is a saying that "for Wenbing, mistaken use of diaphoresis is harmless, but mistaken use of purgation is harmful." Zhang Zhongjing wrote the *Treatise on Cold Damage* (*Shanghan Lun*), covering the period from after the Autumnal Equinox to before the Vernal Equinox; if it occurs after the Vernal Equinox, it is considered Wenbing. Although the *Neijing* contains text stating that those occurring before the Summer Solstice are Warm Diseases, and although Zhang Zhongjing discussed that "those with fever appearing first in Taiyang disease belong to Warm," since the Jin and Tang dynasties, no one clearly distinguished between Shanghan and Wenbing, treating all with methods for Shanghan, resulting in mixed outcomes. Physicians treating these conditions were often at a loss. It was not until the Jin Dynasty, when Liu Hejian emerged, that he began to compose treatises on Warm Diseases. In the Ming Dynasty, Yu Jiayan further elaborated on this theory. Thus, standards for treating Warm Diseases were established, and Zhang Zhongjing's works were thereby brought to light. During this bright and beautiful springtime, when the Three Yang energies emerge from the earth, with sunny skies, gentle breezes, fragrant flowers, and singing birds, a pervasive atmosphere of spring warmth fills the air; hence the disease is named "Wen" (Warm). For mild cases, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), Huangqin Shaoyao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction), or Gegen Shengma Tang (Kudzu and Cimicifuga Decoction) are used; for severe cases, the Three Chengqi Decoctions (San Chengqi Tang) are used, all of which prove effective. Occasionally, there are cases where aversion to cold precedes fever; these are still treated according to Shanghan protocols. It is also said: "If one fails to conserve essence in winter, one will inevitably contract Warm Disease in spring." This is because winter governs storage and conservation; if the spring vitality is leaked, pathogens will gather where the Qi is deficient. Ancient people scheduled the six rites of marriage during the time of blooming peach blossoms, which had its rationale. I hold that extreme accumulation of heat must inevitably boil down Kidney Water. For those with sufficient constitution, the aforementioned decoctions suffice. However, for those with weak and timid constitutions, regardless of whether their essence is conserved or not, heavy doses of Sheng Dihuang (Raw Rehmannia Root) and Shu Dihuang (Prepared Rehmannia Root) should be added to the aforementioned decoctions to nourish the root. In this way, the two theories do not contradict each other but complement each other. Why is it necessary to differentiate them as Yu Jiayan did?

Tu Weisheng stated: Consulting Zhang Zhongjing's *Treatise on Cold Damage* (*Shanghan Lun*), there is only the statement that "Taiyang disease with fever, thirst, and no aversion to cold is Warm Disease." There is no statement regarding the period from after the Autumnal Equinox to before the Vernal Equinox, nor that diseases after the Vernal Equinox are Warm Diseases. It is unknown whether Zhou Mengjue's view comes from another version of the classics or is based on others' speculative theories. Nevertheless, his view is quite excellent, having flaws that do not obscure its merits.

Renshen Baihu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction)
Renshen (1 qian) Shigao (1 qian) Zhimu (1 qian) Jingmi (1 qian) Zhi Gancao (1 qian)

Da Chengqi Tang (See formula for Spasm Disease above)

Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction)
Dahuang (1 qian) Nongpo (0.7 fen) Zhishi (0.7 fen)

Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Qi Decoction)
Dahuang (1 qian) Mangxiao (1 qian) Zhi Gancao (1 qian) Dazao (1 piece)

Huangqin Shaoyao Tang (Scutellaria and Peony Decoction)
Huangqin (1 qian) Shaoyao (1 qian) Zhi Gancao (1 qian)

Gegen Shengma Tang (Kudzu and Cimicifuga Decoction)
Shengma (0.6 fen) Gegen (1 qian) Shaoyao (1 qian) Zhi Gancao (1 qian)