经曰∶西方白色，入通于肺，开窍于鼻。又曰∶五气入鼻，藏于心肺，有病而鼻为不利也。陈飞霞曰∶盖鼻
为肺之窍。鼻塞者，肺气不通于窍。然肺主皮毛，风寒外感，则肺气壅用而鼻塞，川芎膏。鼻涕者，肺为寒风所
袭，而津液不收，则为鼻涕，细辛散疏之。
鼻 者，肺受风寒，久而不散，脓涕结聚不开，使不闻香臭，则 矣，万金膏。
以上三证、皆宜疏利，俱用通气散。鼻干者，心脾有热，上蒸于肺，故津液枯竭而干，当清热生津，导赤散
加麦冬。如病已极，鼻干而黑，窍张帝出冷气者，肺绝也，不治之证。
鼻渊者，流涕腥臭。此胆移热于脑，又名脑崩，宜用辛夷散。
凡小儿初生三朝一七，忽然鼻塞，不能吮乳，不得呼吸者，
因乳母夜卧之时，不知回避，鼻中出气，吹儿囟门，或因洗水未避风寒，所以致儿鼻塞。通关散和葱膏摊帛贴囟
门愈。鼻衄者，五脏积热所致。盖血随气行，得热而妄动，溢出于鼻。宜凉血降火，加减地黄汤，外用吹鼻散。
《集成》川芎膏 治小儿外感风寒，肺气壅闭而鼻塞。
川芎（一钱） 细辛（一钱） 本（一钱） 白芷（一钱） 炙甘草（一钱） 梅花片
（七分） 杏仁（一钱，去皮头） 当门子（三厘）
共研细末，炼蜜为丸，龙眼核大，每服一丸，灯心汤化下。
《集成》细辛散 治小儿风寒所袭，鼻流清涕用。
党参（一钱） 前胡（一钱） 细辛（四分） 防风（一钱） 川芎（五分） 炙甘草（一钱）
共为末，每服一钱，姜葱汤调下。
《集成》万金膏 治小儿风热侵肺，鼻 不闻香臭。
羌活（一钱） 川芎（一钱） 细辛（六分） 木通（一钱） 麻黄（一钱） 菖蒲（一钱）
共为细末，每服一钱，以蜜和匀，姜汤化服。
导赤散（见前夜啼方内）
《集成》丽泽通气散 治小儿鼻涕鼻 用。
羌活（六分） 独活（六分） 苍术（一钱） 防风（一钱） 升麻（五分） 荆芥穗（一钱） 粉干葛（一钱）
白芒（一钱） 川芎（五分） 木通（一钱） 麻黄（一钱） 细辛（五分） 炙草（一钱）
生姜三片。大枣三枚，水煎食后服。
《集成》辛夷散 治小儿鼻流浊涕而腥臭用。
辛夷仁（一钱） 苍耳子（一钱） 白芷（一钱） 薄荷叶（一钱） 黄连（一钱）
共晒干为末，每服一钱，葱汤调下。
《集成》通关散 治乳子鼻塞不能吮乳。
香附子（一钱） 川芎（一钱） 荆芥穗（一钱） 直僵蚕（一钱） 细辛（七分） 猪牙皂（一钱）
共为细末，以葱捣成膏，每用末药五钱。与葱膏和匀，摊软帛上，临卧烘热，贴儿囟门上，早晨取去。
《集成》加减地黄汤 治小儿鼻中出血用。
生地（二钱） 黄芩（一钱） 黑栀仁（一钱） 赤芍（一钱） 茅根（一钱）
水煎温服。
《集成》吹鼻散 治小儿鼻出血用。
黑栀仁（炒） 乱油发（烧存性，俱等分）
共为细末，微吹鼻中。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: The West corresponds to the color white, its qi internally connects with the Lung, and the nose serves as the external orifice of the Lung. It also states: The five Qi enter through the nose and are stored in the Heart and Lungs; if disease occurs, nasal patency is impaired. Chen Feixia stated: The nose is the external orifice of the Lung. Nasal congestion occurs when Lung Qi fails to communicate with the orifice. However, the Lung governs the skin and hair; when affected by Wind-Cold from the exterior, Lung Qi becomes stagnant and obstructed, leading to nasal congestion, which can be treated with Chuanxiong Gao (Cyperus Ointment). Runny nose occurs when the Lung is invaded by Cold-Wind, causing fluids to fail in their astringent function and resulting in rhinorrhea, which can be dispersed using Xixin San (Asarum Powder).
If nasal congestion persists for a long time without resolving, it indicates that the Lung has been affected by Wind-Cold, which lingers and does not dissipate, causing purulent mucus to accumulate and block the passages, rendering the patient unable to perceive odors. This condition is referred to as "Nose Polyp" (Bi Zhi), and can be treated with Wanjin Gao (Ten Thousand Gold Ointment).
All three aforementioned syndromes are suitable for treatment via dispersing and unblocking methods, and Tongqi San (Unblocking Qi Powder) can be used for all. Dryness of the nose results from Heat in the Heart and Spleen steaming upward into the Lung, depleting fluids and causing dryness. One should clear Heat and generate fluids using Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder) supplemented with Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber). If the condition becomes extreme, characterized by a dry and black nose, dilated nares, and exhalation of cold air, this signifies the exhaustion of Lung Qi and is considered an untreatable syndrome.
Bi Yuan (Nasal Sinusitis) presents with foul-smelling, purulent nasal discharge. This arises from Heat transferring from the Gallbladder to the Brain, also known as "Brain Collapse" (Nao Beng), and should be treated with Xinyi San (Magnolia Flower Powder).
In infants, sudden nasal congestion occurring within three days to one week after birth, preventing breastfeeding and normal respiration, is caused by the nursing mother exhaling directly onto the infant's fontanelle during sleep without avoiding it, or by exposure to Wind-Cold during bathing. This leads to infantile nasal congestion. Tongguan San (Opening Passages Powder) mixed with Scallion Paste, applied on silk cloth to the fontanelle, will cure it.
Bi Nu (Epistaxis/Nosebleed) is caused by accumulated Heat in the Five Zang Organs. Blood follows Qi; when affected by Heat, it moves recklessly and overflows from the nose. Treatment should focus on cooling Blood and descending Fire, using Jiadi Dihuang Tang (Modified Rehmannia Decoction), with external application of Chuibi San (Blowing-into-Nose Powder).
*Jicheng* Chuanxiong Gao (Cyperus Ointment): Treats infantile nasal congestion due to external contraction of Wind-Cold and obstruction of Lung Qi.
Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 qian), Xixin Herb (1 qian), Gaoben Rhizome (1 qian), Bai芷 Root (1 qian), Zhi Gancao Root (1 qian), Bingpian/Borneol (0.7 fen), Xingren Apricot Seed (1 qian, peeled and removed of tips), Shexiang/Musk (0.03 qian).
Grind all ingredients into a fine powder, form pills with refined honey, sized like a longan seed. Take one pill per dose, dissolved in Dengxin Cao (Juncus Effusus) decoction.
*Jicheng* Xixin San (Asarum Powder): Treats infantile clear rhinorrhea caused by Wind-Cold invasion.
Dangshen Codonopsis Root (1 qian), Qianhu Peucedani Radix (1 qian), Xixin Herb (0.4 qian), Fangfeng Saposhnikoviae Radix (1 qian), Chuanxiong Rhizome (0.5 qian), Zhi Gancao Root (1 qian).
Grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with Jiangcong Tang (Ginger and Scallion Decoction).
*Jicheng* Wanjin Gao (Ten Thousand Gold Ointment): Treats infantile nasal congestion and anosmia due to Wind-Heat invading the Lung.
Qianghuo Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (1 qian), Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 qian), Xixin Herb (0.6 fen), Mutong Akebiae Caulis (1 qian), Mahuang Ephedrae Herba (1 qian), Changpu Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (1 qian).
Grind into a fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with honey and taken with Ginger Decoction.
Daochi San (Guide Out Redness Powder) (See previous section on Infantile Night Crying).
*Jicheng* Lizhe Tongqi San (Lize Unblocking Qi Powder): Treats infantile rhinorrhea and nasal congestion.
Qianghuo Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (0.6 fen), Duhuo Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (0.6 fen), Cangzhu Atractylodis Rhizoma (1 qian), Fangfeng Saposhnikoviae Radix (1 qian), Shengma Cimicifugae Rhizoma (0.5 fen), Jingjie Perillae Folium (1 qian), Ge Puerariae Radix (1 qian), Baji Li Tribuli Fructus (1 qian), Chuanxiong Rhizome (0.5 qian), Mutong Akebiae Caulis (1 qian), Mahuang Ephedrae Herba (1 qian), Xixin Herb (0.5 fen), Zhi Gancao Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (1 qian).
Add three slices of Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) and three dates (Da Zao). Decoct in water and take after meals.
*Jicheng* Xinyi San (Magnolia Flower Powder): Treats infantile turbid, foul-smelling nasal discharge.
Xinyi Magnolia Flower Bud (1 qian), Cang'erzi Xanthii Fructus (1 qian), Baizhi Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (1 qian), Bohe Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (1 qian), Huanglian Coptidis Rhizoma (1 qian).
Sun-dry and grind into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with Congtang (Scallion Decoction).
*Jicheng* Tongguan San (Opening Passages Powder): Treats infantile nasal congestion preventing breastfeeding.
Xiangfu Cyperi Rhizoma (1 qian), Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 qian), Jingjie Perillae Folium (1 qian), Jiangcan Bombyx Batryticatus (1 qian), Xixin Herb (0.7 fen), Zhuya Zhao Glycyrrhizae Uralensis Radix et Rhizoma cum Saponariis (1 qian).
Grind into a fine powder. Mash scallions into a paste. Mix 5 qian of the powder with the scallion paste evenly. Apply onto soft silk, warm before bed, and stick to the infant's fontanelle. Remove in the morning.
*Jicheng* Jiadi Dihuang Tang (Modified Rehmannia Decoction): Treats infantile epistaxis.
Shengdiheng Rehmanniae Radix (2 qian), Huangqin Scutellariae Radix (1 qian), Heizhiren Gardeniae Fructus (1 qian), Chishao Paeoniae Radix Rubra (1 qian), Maogen Imperatae Rhizoma (1 qian).
Decoct in water and take warm.
*Jicheng* Chuibi San (Blowing-into-Nose Powder): Treats infantile epistaxis.
Heizhiren Gardeniae Fructus (stir-fried), Luanyoufa Human Hair (burnt until carbonized but retaining nature), equal parts.
Grind into a fine powder and gently blow into the nostrils.