味咸、苦，寒、微寒，无毒。主明目，益气，起阴，去恶血注下，辟蛊毒恶鬼不祥，安
心气，常不魇寐，疗伤寒，
时气寒热，热在肌肤，温风注毒伏在骨间，除郁，惊梦，狂越，僻谬，及食噎不通。久服强
筋骨，轻身，起阴，益气，
利丈夫。生石城山川谷及华阴山，采无时。
今出建平宜都诸蛮中及西域，多两角者，一角者为胜。角甚多节，蹙蹙圆绕。别有山羊
角极长，唯一边有节，节亦
疏大，不入方用。而《尔雅》云名 羊，而羌夷云只此即名零羊，
甚能陟峻 ；短角者，乃是山羊耳，亦未详其正。
〔谨案〕《尔雅》云∶羚，大羊，羊如牛
大，其角堪为鞍桥，一名 羊，俗名山羊，或名野羊，善斗至死。又有山驴，大如鹿，皮堪
靴用，有两角，角大小如山羊角，前言其一边有蹙文，又疏慢者是此也，陶不识谓之山羊误
矣。二种并不入药，而俗人亦用山驴角者，今用细如人指，长四、五寸，蹙文细者，南山商
浙间大有，梁州、龙州、直州、洋州亦贡之，古来相承用此，不用羚羊角，未知孰是也。
味咸、苦，温、微寒，无毒。主青盲，明目，杀疥虫，止寒泄，辟恶鬼、虎野狼，止惊悸。
疗百节中结气，风头痛及
蛊毒，吐血，妇人产后余痛。烧之杀鬼魅，辟虎野狼。久服安心，益气力，轻身。生河西川谷。
取无时，勿使中湿，湿有
毒。
菟丝为之使。
〔谨案〕此羊角，以青羝为佳，余不入药。
羊髓，味甘，温，无毒。主男女伤中、阴气不足，利血脉，益经气，以酒服之。青羊胆，主
青盲，明目。
〔谨案〕青羊胆，疗疳湿，时行热 疮，和醋服之良。
羊肺，补肺，主咳嗽。
〔谨案〕羊肺疗渴，止小便数，并小豆叶煮食之良。
羊心，止忧恚隔气。羊肾，补肾气，益精髓。
〔谨案〕羊肾合脂为羹，疗劳利甚效。蒜齑合食脂一升，疗症瘕。
羊齿，主小儿羊痫，寒热。三月三日取之。羊肉，味甘，大寒，无毒。主缓中，字乳余疾，
及头脑大风汗出，虚劳寒冷，补中益气，安心止惊。
〔谨案〕羊肉，热病瘥后食之，发热杀人也。
羊骨，热，主虚劳，寒中，羸瘦；羊屎，燔之，主小儿泄痢，肠鸣惊痫。
羊角方药不甚用，余皆入汤煎。羊有三、四种，最以青色者为胜，次则乌羊耳。其
羊及虏中无角羊，正可啖
食之，为药不及都下者，其乳髓则肥好也。羊肝不可合猪肉及梅子、小豆食之，伤人心，大
病患。
〔谨案〕羊屎煮汤下灌，
疗大人小儿腹中诸疾、疳湿，大小便不通；烧之熏鼻，主中恶，心腹刺痛；熏疮，疗诸疮中
毒痔 等，骨蒸弥良。羊肝，
性冷，疗肝风虚热，目赤暗无所见，生食子肝七枚神效。羊头，
疗风眩，瘦疾，小儿惊痫。骨，与头疗同。羊血，主女人中风，血虚闷，产后血运闷欲绝者
，生饮一升即活。
[Background Information]
Book: Xinxiu Bencao (Newly Revised Materia Medica)
Authors: Su Jing and over 20 others
Dynasty: Tang
Chapter: Antelope Horn / Sheep Horn
Category: Materia Medica
[Original Text Processing]
(Taste salty, bitter; nature cold, slightly cold; non-toxic. Primarily treats brightening the eyes, benefiting Qi, raising Yin, removing stagnant blood flowing downward, warding off Gu poison, evil spirits, and inauspiciousness, calming the Heart Qi, preventing nightmares, treating Shanghan (Cold Damage), seasonal febrile diseases with chills and fever, heat in the skin and muscles, toxins from warm winds latent between bones, relieving depression, frightful dreams, mania and madness, eccentricity and absurdity, as well as dysphagia. Long-term consumption strengthens sinews and bones, lightens the body, raises Yin, benefits Qi, and is beneficial for men. Grows in valleys of Shicheng Mountain and Huayin Mountain; collected at any time. Currently produced among the barbarians of Jianping and Yidu, and in the Western Regions; those with two horns are common, while single-horned ones are superior. The horn has many nodes, tightly and circularly wrapped. There is another type, goat horn, which is extremely long, with nodes only on one side, and the nodes are sparse and large; it is not used in prescriptions. However, Er Ya states its name is Ling Yang, while Qiang and Yi people call this specific type "Ling Yang," which is very capable of climbing steep terrain; those with short horns are indeed goats, though its exact name remains unclear.)
[Citation] Er Ya states: Ling is a large sheep, as big as an ox, its horn can be used as a saddle bridge, also named Ling Yang, commonly known as goat or wild sheep, good at fighting to the death. There is also a mountain donkey, as big as a deer, its hide can be used for boots, having two horns, the size of which is like goat horns; previously mentioned that one side has wrinkles, and those that are sparse and slow are this kind; Tao Hongjing mistook it for a goat, which was an error. Neither of these two types enters medicine, yet common people also use mountain donkey horns. Now, what is used is thin as a human finger, four or five cun long, with fine wrinkles; there is a great deal of this in the mountains of Shangzhe, and Liangzhou, Longzhou, Zhizhou, and Yangzhou also offer it as tribute. Since ancient times, this has been passed down and used, without using antelope horn; it is unknown which is correct.
(Taste salty, bitter; nature warm, slightly cold; non-toxic. Primarily treats Qingmang (a type of blindness), brightens the eyes, kills scabies mites, stops cold diarrhea, wards off evil spirits, tigers, and wild wolves, stops palpitations and fright. Treats Qi stagnation in all joints, wind-type headache, Gu poison, hematemesis, and residual pain after childbirth in women. Burned to kill ghosts and demons, ward off tigers and wild wolves. Long-term consumption calms the mind, benefits strength, and lightens the body. Grows in river valleys of Hexi. Collected at any time; do not let it get damp, as dampness makes it toxic. Cuscutae Semen (Dodder Seed) acts as its guiding herb.)
[Citation] For this sheep horn, green ram horn is best; the rest do not enter medicine.
Sheep Marrow: Taste sweet; nature warm; non-toxic. Primarily treats internal injury in men and women, insufficiency of Yin Qi, promotes blood vessels, benefits Jing Qi, taken with wine. Green Sheep Gallbladder: Primarily treats Qingmang, brightens the eyes.
[Citation] Green Sheep Gallbladder treats Gan-dampness (childhood malnutrition with dampness) and epidemic hot sores; taking it mixed with vinegar is effective.
Sheep Lung: Tonifies the Lung, primarily treats cough.
[Citation] Sheep Lung treats thirst, stops frequent urination; boiling and eating it with Vigna angularis var. nipponensis leaves is good.
Sheep Heart: Stops oppression-Qi caused by sorrow and indignation. Sheep Kidney: Tonifies Kidney Qi, benefits Essence and Marrow.
[Citation] Sheep Kidney cooked with fat into a soup is very effective for treating consumptive disorders. Eating one sheng of fat with garlic paste treats Zheng-Jia (masses).
Sheep Tooth: Primarily treats infantile epilepsy and chills/fever. Collected on the third day of the third lunar month. Sheep Meat: Taste sweet; nature greatly cold; non-toxic. Primarily moderates the Middle Jiao, treats residual diseases after childbirth, and wind affecting the head causing sweating, consumptive cold, tonifies the Middle and benefits Qi, calms the mind and stops fright.
[Citation] Sheep meat, if eaten after recovery from a febrile disease, causes fever and can be fatal.
Sheep Bone: Nature hot; primarily treats consumptive disorders, cold in the Middle, emaciation; Sheep Feces: Burned, primarily treats infantile diarrhea and dysentery, intestinal rumbling, and fright-epilepsy.
Sheep horn is not much used in formulas; the rest are all decocted in soup. There are three or four types of sheep, with green being the best, followed by black. Those sheep and hornless sheep among the nomads are suitable only for eating; as medicine, they are inferior to those in the capital region, but their milk and marrow are rich and good. Sheep Liver should not be eaten with pork, plums, or adzuki beans, as it damages the Heart and causes serious illness.
[Citation] Sheep feces boiled in water and灌 (irrigated/administered) treat various abdominal diseases in adults and children, Gan-dampness, and obstruction of urination and defecation; burned and smoked into the nose treats Zhong-E (sudden severe illness), stabbing pain in the heart and abdomen; smoking sores treats various sores poisoned by toxins and hemorrhoids; treating Gu-Zheng (bone-steaming consumption) is even better. Sheep Liver, nature cold, treats Liver-Wind deficiency-heat, red and dark eyes with inability to see; eating seven raw lamb livers is miraculously effective. Sheep Head: Treats wind-dizziness, wasting-thirst, infantile fright-epilepsy. Bone has the same treatment effects as the head. Sheep Blood: Primarily treats women's stroke, blood-deficiency oppression, postpartum blood-stasis oppression nearing death; drinking one sheng raw brings immediate life.