味辛、甘、苦，寒，无毒。主疝瘕肠泄，膀胱热结，溺不下，咳逆，温疟，癫痫，惊邪
狂走，疗五脏虚气，小腹支
满，胪胀，口干，除肾邪，强志。久服坚骨髓，益气轻身。中火者不可服，令人恍惚见鬼。
一名梨盖，一名房慈，一名
爵离，一名农果，一名利茹，一名方盖。生临淄川谷，及嵩高、太山、少室。三月三日采根，
曝干。
北信断，今用建平间者，云本与野狼毒同根，犹如三建，今其形亦相似，但置水中不沉尔，
而野狼毒陈久亦不能沉矣。
〔谨案〕此药上品，无毒，久服主邪气惊狂之患。其根叶似葵花
子根，香味似防风，故名防葵。采依时者，亦能沉水，今乃用枯朽野狼毒当之，极为谬矣。此
物亦稀有，襄阳、望楚、山
冻及兴州西方有之。其兴州采得，乃胜南者，为邻蜀土也。
味苦、酸，平，无毒。主益气，充肌肤，明目，聪慧先知。久服不饥、不老、轻身。生
少室山谷。八月、九月采实，
晒干。
〔谨案〕此草，所在有之，以其茎为筮。陶误用楮实为之。《本经》云∶“味苦”。楮实
味
味苦，微寒、微温，无瘀。主五脏瘀血，腹中水气，胪胀留热，风寒湿痹，身体诸痛。
疗心下坚，膈中寒热，周痹，
妇人月水不通，消食，明目。久服轻身延年不老， 食之神
仙。生雍州川谷，亦生上党及道旁。十月采实，阴干。
荆实、薏苡为之使。 状如蒿艾之类，近道处处有。《仙经》亦时用之，人家种此辟蛇
也。
[Fang Kui (Saposhnikoviae Radix)]
Pungent, sweet, and bitter in flavor; cold in nature; non-toxic. It primarily treats hernia masses (abdominal lumps), intestinal diarrhea, heat accumulation in the bladder leading to urinary retention, cough with rebellious qi, warm malaria (a type of malaria with severe fever symptoms), epilepsy, fright-induced madness and running about, regulates deficiency qi of the five zang organs, distension and fullness of the lower abdomen, generalized edema, dry mouth, expels pathogenic factors from the kidney, and strengthens willpower. Long-term consumption solidifies bone marrow, benefits qi, and lightens the body. Those with excessive fire should not take it, as it causes mental confusion and hallucinations of seeing ghosts. Also known as Li Gai, Fang Ci, Jue Li, Nong Guo, Li Ru, and Fang Gai. It grows in the valleys of Linzi, as well as Mount Song, Mount Tai, and Mount Shaoshi. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third lunar month and dried in the sun.
It has been discontinued in the north; currently, the material from Jianping is used. It is said that originally it shared the same root as Ye Lang Du (Aconitum brachypodum var. heterophyllum), similar to the "Three Jian" herbs. Its shape is now also similar, but it does not sink when placed in water, just as aged Ye Lang Du also fails to sink.
[Note by the compilers] This herb is classified as a superior grade, non-toxic, and long-term use treats disorders of fright and madness caused by pathogenic factors. Its roots and leaves resemble those of the sunflower seed root, and its fragrance resembles Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), hence the name Fang Kui. When harvested according to the proper season, it can also sink in water. Currently, however, rotten and decayed Ye Lang Du is used to substitute for it, which is extremely erroneous. This substance is also rare; it is found in Xiangyang, Wangchu, Shandong, and western Xingzhou. The specimens harvested in Xingzhou are superior to those from the south due to the soil being adjacent to Shu.
[Shi Shi (Achilleae Millefolii Fructus)]
Bitter and sour in flavor; neutral in nature; non-toxic. It primarily benefits qi, plumps the flesh, brightens the eyes, enhances hearing and vision, and grants prescience. Long-term consumption prevents hunger, slows aging, and lightens the body. It grows in the valleys of Mount Shaoshi. The fruits are harvested in the eighth and ninth lunar months and dried in the sun.
[Note by the compilers] This herb is found everywhere, and its stems are used as divining rods (shi). Tao Hongjing mistakenly used Chu Shi (Broussonetiae Fructus) instead. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states: "Bitter in flavor." Chu Shi tastes...
[Zi (Generic Term or Specific Herb Fragment)]
Bitter in flavor; slightly cold and slightly warm; non-toxic (Original text says "wu yu" [no stasis], likely a textual error for "wu du" [non-toxic] given the context of other entries). It primarily treats blood stasis in the five zang organs, fluid accumulation in the abdomen, generalized edema with lingering heat, bi-syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, and various pains in the body. It treats hardness below the heart, cold and heat in the diaphragm, generalized bi-syndrome, amenorrhea in women, aids digestion, and brightens the eyes. Long-term consumption lightens the body, extends life, and prevents aging; consuming it leads to immortality (hyperbolic expression). It grows in the valleys of Yongzhou, as well as in Shangdang and along roadsides. The fruits are harvested in the tenth lunar month and dried in the shade.
Jing Shi (Vitex fruit) and Yi Yi Ren (Coicis Semen) serve as its guiding/enabling herbs. It resembles mugwort and artemisia species and is found everywhere nearby. It is also occasionally used in *Xian Jing* (Daoist Immortal Classics); people plant it to repel snakes.