咳嗽症。方书最繁。反启人多疑之惑。其实不若虚实二症。实者。外感风寒而发。虚者。
内伤精气而生也。总不离乎水饮。金匮以小青龙汤。加减五方。大有意义。小柴胡汤自注云
。咳嗽。去人参。加干姜五味子。人多顺口读过。余于此悟透全书之旨。而得治咳嗽之秘钥
。因集溢未详。大为恨事。向着有金匮浅注等十种。言之不厌于复。业斯道者。请鉴予之苦
心焉。
一外感风寒。内挟水饮。必咳嗽不已。兼见头痛发热恶寒等症。若外感重者宜香苏饮加
杏仁防风各二钱。半夏干姜各一钱五分。五味子捣扁。细辛各八分。水煎服。温覆取微汗。
外感轻者。宜二陈汤。加细辛干姜五味子杏仁前胡。○若二症面目浮肿。俱加桑白皮三钱。
葶苈子八分微炒。研末调服。
香苏饮。（三十五） 二陈汤。（八十二）
一外感风寒。咳嗽颇久。每呛。两胁牵痛发热者。或寒热往来者。宜
逍遥散。倍柴胡。加半夏干姜各一钱半。五味子一钱。（四十八）
一夏月伤暑。咳嗽自汗。口渴小便赤短。宜
六一散。滑石六钱。甘草一钱。加干姜细辛五味子各一钱。水煎服。
一秋间伤秋金燥气。皮毛洒淅恶寒。寒已发热。渐生咳嗽。咳嗽不已。渐至泻利。宜
泻白散二剂。合为一剂。去粳米。加黄芩阿胶各一钱五分。干姜一钱。五味子细辛各五
分。水煎服。此方加减。庸医必骇其杂。能读孙真人书者。方知从五味子汤麦门冬汤二方得
来也。（八十六）
以上咳嗽。治之失法。多至吐血痨伤。
Coughing is a syndrome with the most complicated records in medical books, which instead arouses much doubt and confusion among people. In fact, it is better to categorize it into two types: excess (Shi) and deficiency (Xu). Excess type arises from external contraction of wind-cold; deficiency type originates from internal injury to essence and qi. Generally speaking, neither deviates from the influence of fluid retention (accumulation of pathological fluids in the body). *Jin Gui Yao Lue* utilizes Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) as a base, adding and subtracting five formulas, which holds profound significance. The self-annotation of Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) states: "For coughing, remove Ren Shen (Ginseng Root), add Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit)." Many people merely read this through casually, but I thoroughly comprehended the gist of the entire book here, thereby obtaining the secret key to treating coughing. I felt it was a great pity that previous discussions were not detailed enough. Previously, I authored ten works such as *Jin Gui Qian Zhu* (Light Commentary on the Golden Cabinet), expounding on this without tiring of repetition. Practitioners of this profession, please appreciate my earnest intentions.
1. External contraction of wind-cold combined with internal fluid retention inevitably leads to incessant coughing, accompanied by symptoms such as headache, fever, and aversion to cold. If the external contraction is severe, Xiang Su Yin (Fragrant Perilla Drink) is appropriate, added with Xing Ren (Apricot Seed) and Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) each at 2 qian, Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) and Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) each at 1.5 qian, Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit) crushed flat, and Xi Xin (Asarum Root) each at 0.8 fen. Decoct in water and take orally. After taking the medicine, cover with blankets to induce slight sweating. If the external contraction is mild, Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) is appropriate, added with Xi Xin (Asarum Root), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit), Xing Ren (Apricot Seed), and Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix). ○ If either of these two conditions presents with edema of the face and eyes, add Sang Bai Pi (Morus Bark) at 3 qian, and Ting Li Zi (Lepidii Fructus) at 0.8 fen (lightly fried, ground into powder, and taken mixed with liquid).
Xiang Su Yin. (Formula 35) Er Chen Tang. (Formula 82)
1. External contraction of wind-cold with prolonged coughing, where each paroxysmal cough causes pulling pain in the hypochondrium and fever, or alternating chills and fever, is suitable for Xiao Yao San (Free and Easy Wanderer Powder). Double the dosage of Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix), and add Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber) and Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) each at 1.5 qian, and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit) at 1 qian. (Formula 48)
1. Summerheat injury in summer presenting with coughing, spontaneous sweating, thirst, and scanty dark urine is suitable for Liu Yi San (Six-to-One Powder): Hua Shi (Talcum) at 6 qian, Gan Cao (Licorice Root) at 1 qian, added with Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger), Xi Xin (Asarum Root), and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit) each at 1 qian. Decoct in water and take orally.
1. Autumn dryness injury in autumn, presenting with shivering aversion to cold, followed by fever after the cold subsides, gradually developing into coughing. If coughing persists and gradually progresses to diarrhea and dysentery, Xie Bai San (Drain White Powder) is appropriate. Combine two doses into one, remove Jing Mi (Rice Grain), and add Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) and E Jiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin) each at 1.5 qian, Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) at 1 qian, and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit) and Xi Xin (Asarum Root) each at 0.5 fen. Decoct in water and take orally. This modification of the formula would likely astonish mediocre physicians with its complexity; only those who can read the works of Sun Simiao (Sun Zhenren) will know that it derives from the combination of Wu Wei Zi Tang (Schisandra Decoction) and Mai Men Dong Tang (Ophiopogon Decoction). (Formula 86)
If the above-mentioned coughs are treated incorrectly, they may frequently lead to hemoptysis (coughing up blood) and consumptive disease (deficiency-emaciation).