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During the late summer season, damp-heat steams and blazes. The limbs feel heavy and fatigued; mental spirit is diminished. There is body heat, rapid breathing (Qi Gao), vexation in the heart, yellow urine, thirst, spontaneous sweating, and a deficient pulse. This formula is indicated for such cases. Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang consists of Gancao (Licorice Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Huangqi (Astragalus Root), Maidong (Ophiopogon Tuber), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Qingpi (Green Tangerina Peel), Chenpi (Tangerina Peel), Shenqu (Medicated Leaven), Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark), Gegen (Puerariae Radix), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), and Zexie (Alisma Rhizome). (Decoct Renshen, Huangqi, roasted Gancao, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Maidong, Wuweizi, Qingpi, Chenpi, Shenqu, Huangbai, Gegen, Cangzhu, Baizhu, Shengma, and Zexie, with fresh ginger and dates.)

Wu Hegao discussed this in *Fang Kao*. The pathogenic factor of Summerheat prevails in summer, but by late summer, it combines with Dampness. This formula treats both simultaneously. In intense heat, the defensive Qi on the exterior easily dissipates; combined with Dampness, the Middle Qi becomes insecure. Huangqi is light and clear, dispersing exterior Qi, and can lead the bitter and sour properties of Renshen and Wuweizi to reach the exterior to consolidate the Wei (Defensive) level. Shenqu digests food stagnation to protect Middle Qi, and assists the sweet and warm nature of Baizhu and Gancao. Through the mutual use of reducing and tonifying methods, the Middle Jiao is regulated. When severe summer heat flows rampant, the Lung Metal suffers. Renshen, Wuweizi, and Maidong are used to tonify, astringe, and clear the Lungs. As the classics state, one should support what is unable to overcome [the pathogen]. When Fire is excessive, Water declines; thus, Huangbai and Zexie are used to nourish the source of transformation. When fluids are lost, thirst occurs; therefore, Danggui and Gegen are used to generate Stomach fluids. If Clear Qi does not ascend, Shengma can lift it; if Turbid Qi does not descend, Qingpi and Chenpi can direct it downward. Cangzhu is used to address the Dampness of late summer.

It treats hypochondriac pain, bitter taste in the mouth, deafness, swelling of the ears, flaccidity of tendons, damp-heat itching of the genitals, swelling of the scrotum, turbid urine or hematuria. Long Dan Xie Gan Tang consists of Longdancao (Gentianae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root), Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), and Zexie (Alisma Rhizome). (Longdancao 3 fen, Zhizi, Huangqin, Zexie, Chaihu each 1 qian, Cheqianzi, Mutong each 5 fen, Danggui 3 fen, Gancao, Shengdi each 3 fen.)

Longdancao and Chaihu purge the Fire of the Liver and Gallbladder, assisted by Huangqin, Zhizi, Mutong, Cheqianzi, and Zexie, allowing the Damp-Fire to exit via urination. However, excessive purging may damage Liver Blood; therefore, Shengdi and Danggui are added to nourish it. The Liver dislikes constraint; when there is urgency, sweet flavors soothe it. Thus, Gancao is used to relieve this urgency. Furthermore, the great sweet flavor is intended to moderate the great bitter flavor, preventing the medicine from being overly draining and purgative.