（附论）
夫伤寒三日者。是少阳受病。少阳者。胆之经也。其脉循于胁。上于头耳。故得病三日。
胸
聋
入
脉
少
胃
方
麻黄散（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日不解。头痛。肌肉热。
麻黄（一两去根节） 甘草（半两炒微赤锉） 葛根（一两锉） 浓朴（一两去粗皮涂
生姜汁
炙
热
赤茯苓散（出圣惠方）治伤寒病三日。腹痛。小便不利而呕者。属少阳病证
。
赤茯苓（一两） 赤芍药（半两） 白术（半两） 附子（半两炮裂去皮脐） 干姜（半
两炮赤
锉）
温服。
石膏散（出圣惠方）治伤寒已经三日。不得汗。头痛发热。
石膏（二两） 桂心（一两） 麻黄（一两去根节） 黄芩（一两） 甘草（一两炙微
赤锉） 杏
仁（
为
散
细辛散（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日。咳嗽。胸膈不利。四肢烦疼。壮热头痛。
细辛（一两） 麻黄（一两去根节） 葛根（三分锉） 荆芥（一两） 白术（一两） 赤
芍药
（一两）
赤锉） 五
味子（
不计
丁香散（出圣惠方）治伤寒已经三日。头痛壮热不解。咳嗽痰逆。
丁香 前胡 附子（炮裂去皮脐） 麻黄（去根节） 白术 细辛 桂心（各一两） 甘
草
（一两
去
滓。
香豉粥（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日。壮热不解。发汗。
麻黄（去根节） 葛根 栀子仁（各一分） 石膏（半两） 荆芥（半两） 生姜（一
分） 豆豉
（一
下
米
石膏散（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日。虽发汗后。头痛壮热未得全解。毒瓦斯犹盛
。
石膏（一两） 荠 （一两） 葛根（一两锉） 黄芩（三分） 麻黄（三分去根节） 甘
草（半
两炙
麻黄散（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日不得汗。烦热闷乱。
麻黄（二两去根节） 葛根（二两） 桂心（一两） 豉（二合） 赤芍药（二两） 石
膏（二两
捣碎）
不计时
通关散（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日不得汗。四肢不利。
附子（一粒炮裂去皮脐） 干姜（半两炮裂锉） 桂心（一分） 麻黄（一分去根节） 上
为
散。
正阳丹（出圣惠方）治伤寒三日。头痛壮热。四肢不利。
太阴玄精石（二两） 硝石（二两） 硫黄（二两） 砂（一两） 上都细研。入瓷
瓶子中。
固济
雪水
和为
治伤寒三日。服药之后不得汗。宜用蒸法。（出活人书）
上用薪火烧地。良久扫去火。微用水洒地。取蚕砂、桃叶、柏叶，及糠、麸、麦等。皆
可用
汗周
仙授散（出卫生家宝方）治伤寒三日。
苍术（四两米泔浸一夕洗净） 麻黄（四两去根节） 香附子（去皮毛秤） 甘草（二
两生用）
杏
服
青。陆弟子元道人。传元晖于三茅山。
葛根龙胆汤（出千金方）治伤寒三四日不瘥。身体烦毒而热。
葛根（八两） 龙胆草 大青（各半两） 升麻 石膏 葳蕤（各一两） 甘草 桂心 芍
药
黄
三升。
分四服。日三夜一。一方无黄芩。
治伤寒汗出不歇。已三四日。胸中恶物。欲令吐者。
苦参（二分） 甘草（一分炙） 瓜蒂 赤小豆（各二七枚） 上切。以水一升。煮取
半升。
服之当吐。吐不止者。作葱豉粥食之。其吐即止。忌海藻、菘菜。
柴胡汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒三日以前。表证不除。
柴胡（去芦） 麻黄（去根节） 石膏（各一两） 甘草（半两炙） 上为散。每服三
钱。水一
盏。
芎 汤（一名神术散出圣济总录）治伤寒初病三日。脉浮。有表证。
芎 （四两） 苍术（一斤半锉麸炒熟木臼杵去黑皮取净者一斤） 本（去苗土一两）
甘
草（二两） 上粗捣筛。每服三钱。水一盏。生姜五片。煎至六分。去滓。稍热。并三服
白术汤（一名立胜散出圣济总录）治伤寒三日。头痛壮热。骨节疼痛。
白术 五味子 甘草 石膏（各四两） 干姜 上粗捣筛。每服三钱。水一盏。盐一捻。
煎至
同
治伤寒三五日。疑有黄。则宜服此油方。
上取生乌麻油一盏。水半盏。以鸡子白一枚和之。熟。搅令相得。作一服。令尽。
茵陈散（出王氏博济方）治伤寒。大解表。发汗。三日内。并宜服。新产前
。不得服。
山茵陈（二两） 麻黄（二两不去节） 荆芥（一两） 细辛（半两） 川芎（一两） 川
大黄
（一两） 干薄荷（一两） 官桂（二两去皮） 上为粗末。每服三钱。以水一大盏。生姜
五片。
葱白一
黄连阿胶汤（出济生拔粹方）治少阴病。二三日以上。经病日去。中心烦。
不得卧者。少阴
黄 （一两微炒） 黄连（二两去皮微炒） 阿胶（一两） 栀子仁（半两） 上为细
末。每服
四钱
神术散（出广南卫生方）治解利。四时伤寒。凡三日以内。乃可服。若传经
。不可服。寻
苍术（以生而包系去皮用米泔水浸干切作片子焙干麸炒黄去麸秤四两） 川芎（一两洗
净
切）
片。
同煎至七
凡初觉伤寒。三日内。（出本草）
上但取热汤饮之。候吐则止。可饮一二升。随吐汗出。即瘥。重者亦减半。
治伤寒二三日。咽痛者。（出本草）
上取甘草二两。炙。以水三升。煮取一升半。服五合。日三服。
(Attached Discussion)
The so-called "three days of Shanghan" refers to the pathogen affecting the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) meridian. The Shaoyang meridian is the channel of the Gallbladder. Its pulse circulates along the hypochondriac region and ascends to the head and ears. Therefore, after three days of illness:
Mahuang San (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan that has persisted for three days without resolution, presenting with headache and heat in the muscles.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, roots and nodes removed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, stir-fried until slightly red and crushed), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1 liang, crushed), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, 1 liang, coarse bark removed, coated with fresh ginger juice and roasted).
Chifuling San (Red Poria Cocos Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days, presenting with abdominal pain, difficult urination, and vomiting; this belongs to the Shaoyang disease pattern.
Ingredients: Chifuling (Polyporus Umbellatus, 1 liang), Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 0.5 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 0.5 liang), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 0.5 liang, processed until cracked, skin and navel removed), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, processed until red and crushed).
Usage: Take warm.
Shigao San (Gypsum Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan that has passed three days, characterized by absence of sweating, headache, and fever.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, roots and nodes removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and crushed), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, appropriate amount, pounded into fine powder).
Xixin San (Asari Root Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days, presenting with cough, discomfort in the chest and diaphragm, painful restlessness in the four limbs, high fever, and headache.
Ingredients: Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 liang, roots and nodes removed), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 3 fen, crushed), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, 1 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 1 liang).
Dingxiang San (Clove Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan that has passed three days, with persistent headache and high fever, cough with excessive phlegm and rebellious qi.
Ingredients: Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, processed until cracked, skin and navel removed), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and nodes removed), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, each 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang, impurities removed).
Usage: Decoct in water and strain.
Xiangchi Zhou (Fermented Soybean Porridge), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days with persistent high fever, requiring diaphoresis (sweating therapy).
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and nodes removed), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus, each 1 fen), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 0.5 liang), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, 0.5 liang), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 1 fen), Douchi (Sojae Semen Preparatum, appropriate amount).
Usage: Cook together with rice to make porridge.
Shigao San (Gypsum Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days where, although sweating has been induced, headache and high fever have not fully resolved, and internal toxic heat remains abundant.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang), Jini (Bistortae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 1 liang, crushed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 fen), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 3 fen, roots and nodes removed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried).
Mahuang San (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days without sweating, accompanied by mental restlessness, irritability, and stifling heat.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, roots and nodes removed), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 2 liang), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 liang), Chi (Sojae Semen Preparatum, 2 he), Chishao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra, 2 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 2 liang, pounded to碎 pieces).
Tongguan San (Pass-the-Gate Powder), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days without sweating, with impaired mobility of the four limbs.
Ingredients: Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 1 pill-sized piece, processed until cracked, skin and navel removed), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, processed until cracked and crushed), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1 fen), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 1 fen, roots and nodes removed).
Usage: Grind the above ingredients into a powder.
Zhengyang Dan (True Yang Pill), from *Shenghui Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days, presenting with headache, high fever, and impaired mobility of the four limbs.
Ingredients: Taiyin Xuanjingshi (Nigritellae Bulbus, 2 liang), Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang), Liuhuang (Sulfur, 2 liang), Sha (Sand, 1 liang).
Preparation: Grind all ingredients into fine powder, place in a porcelain bottle, seal tightly with mud, and process with snow water to form pills. (Note: The original text is brief; this translation follows the literal steps provided).
For Shanghan after three days where sweating does not occur after taking medicine, steaming therapy is suitable. (From *Huo Ren Shu*)
Method: Burn firewood to heat the ground, wait until the fire dies down, sweep away the ashes, sprinkle the ground lightly with water, and spread mulberry sand, peach leaves, cypress leaves, bran, chaff, wheat, etc., on the ground. Have the patient lie on top to be steamed until the whole body sweats.
Xianshou San (Immortal Grant Powder), from *Weisheng Jiabao Fang*, treats Shanghan after three days.
Ingredients: Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 4 liang, soaked overnight in rice wash water and washed clean), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 4 liang, roots and nodes removed), Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma, skin and hairs removed, weighed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang, used raw), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, appropriate amount).
Usage: Prepare as a powder, take with warm water.
Recorded by: Daoist Yuanhui, disciple of Qinglu, transmitted from Mount Sanmao.
Gegen Longdan Tang (Kudzu and Gentian Decoction), from *Qianjin Fang*, treats Shanghan persisting for three to four days without recovery, presenting with bodily restlessness and toxic heat.
Ingredients: Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 8 liang), Longdancao (Gentianae Radix), Daqing (Isatidis Folium, each 0.5 liang), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, appropriate amount).
Usage: Decoct in water, divide into four doses. Take three times during the day and once at night. Another version of this formula excludes Huangqin.
Treats Shanghan with incessant sweating, persisting for three to four days, with evil turbid matter in the chest, aiming to induce vomiting.
Ingredients: Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 2 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 fen, honey-fried), Gudi (Cucumeris Fructus), Chixiaodou (Vigna Angularis Semen, each 14 grains).
Preparation: Cut the above ingredients coarsely. Decoct in one sheng of water to obtain half a sheng.
Usage: After taking, vomiting should occur. If vomiting persists, eat scallion and fermented soybean porridge to stop it. Avoid eating seaweed and pak choi (Chinese cabbage).
Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction), from *Shengji Zonglu*, treats Shanghan before the third day where exterior patterns remain unresolved.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, rhizome removed), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and nodes removed), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, each 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried).
Preparation: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted in one zhan of water.
Xiong Tang (Ligusticum Decoction, also known as Shenzhu San), from *Shengji Zonglu*, treats Shanghan in the initial three days, with floating pulse and exterior patterns.
Ingredients: Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 4 liang), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, 1.5 jin, crushed and stir-fried with bran until cooked, pounded in a wooden mortar to remove black skin, retaining 1 jin of pure drug), Bencao (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma, rhizome and soil removed, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang).
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the above ingredients. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted in one zhan of water with five slices of fresh ginger, reduced to six parts. Strain and drink while slightly warm, divided into three doses.
Baizhu Tang (Atractylodes Decoction, also known as Lisheng San), from *Shengji Zonglu*, treats Shanghan after three days, presenting with headache, high fever, and bone joint pain.
Ingredients: Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, each 4 liang), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma).
Preparation: Coarsely crush and sieve the above ingredients. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted in one zhan of water with a pinch of salt... (text cuts off, implying decoction and administration).
For Shanghan lasting three to five days, if jaundice is suspected, this oil formula is suitable.
Method: Take one zhan of raw sesame oil, half a zhan of water, and mix with one egg white. Cook thoroughly, stirring until well combined. Take as a single dose.
Yinchen San (Artemisia Capillaris Powder), from *Wangshi Boji Fang*, treats Shanghan, inducing strong diaphoresis and releasing the exterior. Suitable for use within three days; not for use immediately postpartum.
Ingredients: Shanyinchen (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba, 2 liang), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 2 liang, nodes not removed), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica, 1 liang), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang), Ganbohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 1 liang), Guanzi (Cinnamomi Cortex, 2 liang, bark removed).
Preparation: Make into coarse powder. Each dose is 3 qian, decocted in one large zhan of water with five slices of fresh ginger and one section of green onion white.
Huanglian Ejiao Tang (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction), from *Jisheng Bacui Fang*, treats Shaoyin disease persisting for two to three days or more, where the pathogen has moved from the meridians to the interior, causing central vexation and inability to sleep.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 1 liang, slightly stir-fried), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 2 liang, skin removed and slightly stir-fried), Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Fructus, 0.5 liang).
Preparation: Grind into fine powder. Each dose is 4 qian... (text cuts off, typically decocted or mixed with hot water).
Shenzhu San (Divine Skill Powder), from *Guangnan Weisheng Fang*, treats mild exterior conditions and seasonal Shanghan. Can be taken within three days of onset; do not take if the pathogen has transmitted inward. Seek... (text cuts off).
Ingredients: Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma, fresh with mud wrapped, skin removed, dried in rice wash water, sliced, baked dry, stir-fried with bran until yellow, bran removed, weighed 4 liang), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 1 liang, washed clean and sliced).
Usage: Decoct together to seven... (text cuts off, implying reduction and administration).
For anyone who just feels the onset of Shanghan, within three days. (From *Bencao*)
Method: Simply drink hot water. Stop when vomiting occurs. One can drink one to two sheng. With the vomiting and subsequent sweating, the illness will resolve. For severe cases, reduce the dose by half.
To treat Shanghan after two to three days with sore throat. (From *Bencao*)
Method: Take 2 liang of Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), honey-fried. Decoct in three sheng of water to obtain one and a half sheng. Take five he per dose, three times a day.