夫伤寒口舌生疮。脾受热。熏于口舌。又或因冬时发汗吐利后。重亡津液。表里俱虚。
热势不已。毒瓦斯攻于上焦。致口中糜烂生疮。又云。伤寒冬时发其汗。必吐利。口中烂生疮。
以
方
犀角散（出圣惠方）治伤寒心肺壅热。口内生疮。烦躁不得眠卧。
犀角屑（三分） 川升麻（半两） 麦门冬（三分去心） 黄柏（半两锉） 黄连（半
两去须）
玄参（三分） 甘草（半两生锉） 杏仁（八分汤浸去皮尖双仁麸炒令黄） 上为散。每服
四钱。
水一中盏。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
黄连散（出圣惠方）治伤寒上焦滞热。口舌生疮。
黄连（三分去须） 黄柏（半两锉） 甘草（半两生锉） 蔷薇根（三分） 栀子仁（半
两） 上
为散。每服四钱。水一中盏。入淡竹叶二十片。煎至五分。去滓。不计时候。温服。
升麻散（出圣惠方）治伤寒口舌烂赤。
川升麻（二两） 甘草（一两生锉） 黄芩（一两） 麦门冬（三分去心） 大青（一
两） 犀角
屑（三分） 上为散。每服四钱。水一中盏。入淡竹叶二七片。煎至六分。不计时候。去滓。
温
玄参煎（出圣惠方）治伤寒咽喉内痛。满口生疮。吃食不得。
玄参（一两） 川升麻（五钱） 苦参（五钱锉） 人参（三分去芦头） 秦艽（一两
去苗） 马
牙硝（五钱） 上为散。每服五钱。水一大盏。煎至五分。去渣。入炼了蜜一合。相和令均。
不计时候。徐徐含咽服。
升麻煎（出圣惠方）治伤寒肺心热。口内生疮。咽喉肿。
川升麻 大青 射干 栀子仁（各一两） 黄柏（五钱） 玄参（三分） 蔷薇根（二
两） 苦
竹叶（一两） 生地黄汁 蜜（各升半） 上细锉。都用水三大盏。煎至一大盏。去滓。下
蜜、
地黄汁。搅均如稀饧。入净器中盛。不计时候。含一茶匙。咽津。
黄柏散（出圣惠方）治伤寒心肺热。口内生疮。
黄柏（三分） 黄连（三分去须） 白矾（半两烧令汁尽） 川朴硝（三分） 龙脑（一
钱细研）
上
治伤寒口疮。众医不瘥者。宜用此方。（出圣惠方）
密陀僧（五钱） 黄柏（两半涂蜜微炙锉） 甘草（一两炙微赤锉） 蒲黄 黄药（各
一两）
上为末。时敷于疮上。有涎即吐之。
黄芩饮子（出圣惠方）治伤寒心肺热烦。口疮烂痛。
黄芩（一两） 赤芍药 羚羊角屑 黄柏 大青 苦竹叶（各二两） 上为散。每服一
两。
水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。温含。冷吐。每日三度用之。
龙胆煎（出圣惠方）治伤寒上焦烦热。口内生疮。
龙胆（一两去芦头） 黄连（一两去须） 川升麻（一两） 槐白皮（一两） 大青（一
两） 苦
竹叶（五十片） 白蜜（一中盏） 上细锉。都以水三大盏。煎去渣。取汁一盏。入蜜。更
煎五
七沸。放冷。涂于疮上。日三四度。有涎即吐之。
治伤寒热毒壅滞。口内生疮方。（出圣惠方）
黄柏 大青 羚羊角（各二两） 黄连（一两去须） 苦竹叶（二两） 上为散。每服
一两。
水一大盏。煎至六分。去滓。放冷暖得所。含之。良久旋旋吐却。
治伤寒口舌生疮方（出圣惠方）
浮萍草 黄丹（各一分） 黄柏（一分锉） 上捣罗为细末。以生蜜旋和丸。如弹子大。
绵
裹一丸。含咽津。
蜜渍柏皮方（出活人书）治伤寒热毒口疮。
以黄柏三两。削去粗皮。细锉。用蜜半斤。浸一宿。入铫子内。煎十余沸。候温。少少
含其蜜。良久旋吐却。便含之。或用蜜炙焦黄色。碾为末。每服半钱。糁口中亦佳。
升麻汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒口舌疮。赤烂。
升麻（一两） 牡丹皮 甘草（炙锉各五钱） 麦门冬（去心焙三分） 上粗捣筛。每
服五
钱。盐水一盏半。竹叶三七片。枣二枚。擘破。煎至七分。去滓。食后温服。忌海藻、菘菜、
胡荽
苦酒汤（出危氏方）治伤寒少阴病。咽中生疮。语声不出。
半夏（汤洗七次切十四枚） 鸡子（一枚去黄留壳内入苦酒） 上二味。纳半夏于苦酒
内。
以鸡子壳。置剪刀环中央。火上二沸。去渣。少少含咽。
黄柏汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒后。心脏热。舌裂口生疮。
黄柏（去粗皮蜜炙） 大青 龙胆 玄参（坚者） 生干地黄（各五钱） 升麻（一两）
射干
（三分去毛） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。盐水一盏半。竹叶三片。煎至八分。去滓。入蜜一合。
搅
羚羊角汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒热病后。余热上冲。口舌生疮。
羚羊角（镑） 射干（去毛） 麦门冬（去心焙） 芦根（各一两） 升麻 芍药（各
三分） 木
通（锉两半） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。盐水一盏半。煎至八分。去滓。食后温服。
柴胡汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒热病后。乍寒乍热。百节疼痛。口舌生疮。
柴胡（一两去苗） 升麻 芍药 麦门冬（去心焙） 甘草 黄芩（去黑心各三分） 知
母
（焙） 黄连（各五钱） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。盐水一盏半。生姜一枣大。拍碎。豉一百
粒。
葱白五寸。煎至一盏。去滓。食后温服。
黄连汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒后。口舌生疮。
大黄（锉炒） 大青 升麻 黄芩（去黑心） 甘草（炙锉各三分） 上粗捣筛。每服
五钱。
盐水一盏半。煎至八分。去滓。食后温服。
芍药汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒后。心热口疮。久不瘥。
芍药 黄芩（去黑心） 羚羊角（镑） 甘草（炙锉各一两） 大青（三钱） 升麻（二
两） 黄
柏（去粗皮蜜炙半两） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。盐水一盏半。竹叶三七片。煎至八分。去滓。
入
秦艽汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒后。口内生疮。小便赤色。手足烦热。
秦艽（去苗土） 柴胡（去苗） 大青（各一两） 升麻 黄芩（去黑心） 甘草（炙
锉各三分）
虎杖（五钱） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。水盏半。葱白五寸。豉一百粒。煎至八分。去滓。食
后
温服。
犀角汤（出圣济总录）治伤寒后。心脏虚热。满口生疮。
犀角（镑） 玄参（各一两） 胡黄连 甘草（炙锉各五钱） 上粗捣筛。每服五钱。
水一盏
半。竹叶二七片。煎至半盏。去滓。食后温服。
蒺藜散（出圣济总录）治伤寒后脾壅。唇口常有疮。
蒺藜子（炒去角） 白扁豆（炒各一两） 上捣罗为散。每服一钱。盐如茶点服。不拘
时候。
地黄煎（出圣济总录）治伤寒心热。口舌生疮。
生地黄汁（三合） 蜜（五合） 上搅均。慢火煎如稠饧。每服半匙。含化。徐徐咽津。
不
计时。
大青饮 治伤寒后。口生疮。咽喉肿塞。
大青（去根一两） 吴蓝（去根半两） 石膏（研一两） 芍药（一两） 上捣筛。每
服三钱。
用水一盏。入葱白、盐、豉各少许。煎至六分。去渣。食后临卧温服。
升麻六物汤（出活人书）治口疮赤烂。
升麻 栀子仁（各钱半） 大青 杏仁 黄芩（各三分） 上为末。以水一盏半。葱白
三茎。
煎至八分。去渣。温服。
疗伤寒热病口疮。
用黄柏皮。削去上粗皮。取里好处。薄削。以盐渍之一宿。唯欲令浓。含其汁。良久吐。
更含。若胸中热有疮。时饮三五合。尤佳。圣惠方同方。煎十余沸。滤去渣。候温含。
Translation of the text into academic English based on WHO standards.
Shanghan disease causing sores in the mouth and tongue is due to heat accumulating in the Spleen, steaming upwards to the mouth and tongue. Alternatively, it may result from excessive sweating, vomiting, or purging during winter treatment, leading to a severe loss of body fluids and deficiency in both the exterior and interior. If the heat pathogen persists, toxic factors attack the Upper Jiao, causing erosion and sores inside the mouth. Another view states that if sweating methods are misused for Shanghan in winter, it inevitably leads to vomiting and diarrhea, resulting in rotting and sores in the mouth.
Xijiao San (Rhinoceros Horn Powder) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with congestion and heat in the Heart and Lungs, sores in the mouth, irritability, and inability to sleep.
Ingredients: Rhinoceros Horn Shavings (3 fen), Chuan Shengma (Half liang), Maidong (3 fen, heart removed), Huangbai (Half liang, sliced), Huanglian (Half liang, stamens removed), Xuanshen (3 fen), Gancao (Half liang, raw and sliced), Xingren (8 fen, soaked in water, skin and tip removed, double kernels discarded, bran-fried until yellow).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add one zhongzhan of water, decoct until half remains, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
Huanglian San (Coptis Powder) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with stagnant heat in the Upper Jiao, sores in the mouth and tongue.
Ingredients: Huanglian (3 fen, stamens removed), Huangbai (Half liang, sliced), Gancao (Half liang, raw and sliced), Qiangweigen (3 fen), Zhizi Ren (Half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add one zhongzhan of water and 20 slices of Danzhuye (Light Bamboo Leaf), decoct until half remains, filter dregs. Take warm at any time.
Shengma San (Cimicifuga Powder) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan causing oral ulceration and redness.
Ingredients: Chuan Shengma (2 liang), Gancao (1 liang, raw and sliced), Huangqin (1 liang), Maidong (3 fen, heart removed), Daqing (1 liang), Xijiao Shavings (3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose. Add one zhongzhan of water and 14 slices of Danzhuye, decoct until 6 fen remains, filter dregs at any time, take warm.
Xuanshen Jian (Scrophularia Decoction) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with pain inside the throat, sores all over the mouth, and difficulty eating.
Ingredients: Xuanshen (1 liang), Chuan Shengma (5 qian), Kushen (5 qian, sliced), Renshen (3 fen, rhizome removed), Qinjiao (1 liang, roots removed), Mayaxiao (5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Grind the above ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one large zhan of water, decoct until half remains, filter dregs. Add 1 he of refined honey, mix evenly. Take by slowly holding in the mouth and swallowing at any time.
Shengma Jian (Cimicifuga Decoction) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with Lung and Heart heat, sores in the mouth, and throat swelling.
Ingredients: Chuan Shengma, Daqing, Shegan, Zhizi Ren (each 1 liang), Huangbai (5 qian), Xuanshen (3 fen), Qiangweigen (2 liang), Ku Zhuye (1 liang), Sheng Dihuang Zhi (Fresh Rehmannia Juice), Honey (each half sheng).
Preparation and Administration: Finely slice the herbs. Use three large zhan of water, decoct until one large zhan remains, filter dregs. Add honey and Rehmannia juice, stir until uniform like thin syrup. Store in a clean container. Hold one tea spoon in the mouth and swallow saliva at any time.
Huangbai San (Phellodendron Powder) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with Heart and Lung heat, sores in the mouth.
Ingredients: Huangbai (3 fen), Huanglian (3 fen, stamens removed), Bai Fan (Half liang, burned until juices dry up), Chuan Pu Xiao (3 fen), Longnao (1 qian, finely ground).
Note: For treating mouth sores from Shanghan when other doctors fail. [from *Shenghui Fang*]
Mituo Seng (Lead Monoxide) (5 qian), Huangbai (1.5 liang, coated with honey, slightly roasted and sliced), Gancao (1 liang, roasted until slightly red and sliced), Puhuang, Huangyao (each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into fine powder. Apply to the sores frequently. Spit out saliva if produced.
Huangqin Yinzi (Scutellaria Drink) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with Heart and Lung heat and vexation, rotting and painful mouth sores.
Ingredients: Huangqin (1 liang), Chi Shaoyao, Lingyangjiao Shavings, Huangbai, Daqing, Ku Zhuye (each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into a powder. Take 1 liang per dose. Add one large zhan of water, decoct until 6 fen remains, filter dregs. Hold warm in the mouth, spit out when cold. Use three times daily.
Longdan Jian (Gentian Decoction) [from *Shenghui Fang*]: Treats Shanghan with upper jiao vexatious heat, sores in the mouth.
Ingredients: Longdan (1 liang, rhizome removed), Huanglian (1 liang, stamens removed), Chuan Shengma (1 liang), Huaibai Pi (1 liang), Daqing (1 liang), Ku Zhuye (50 leaves), White Honey (one zhongzhan).
Preparation and Administration: Finely slice. Use three large zhan of water, decoct and filter dregs. Take one zhan of juice, add honey, boil five to seven more times. Cool and apply to sores. Apply three to four times daily. Spit out saliva if produced.
Formula for treating Shanghan heat-toxin congestion and sores in the mouth [from *Shenghui Fang*].
Ingredients: Huangbai, Daqing, Lingyangjiao (each 2 liang), Huanglian (1 liang, stamens removed), Ku Zhuye (2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into a powder. Take 1 liang per dose. Add one large zhan of water, decoct until 6 fen remains, filter dregs. Hold in mouth when temperature is suitable. Spit out slowly after a long while.
Formula for treating Shanghan sores in mouth and tongue [from *Shenghui Fang*].
Ingredients: Fuping Cao, Huang Dan (each 1 fen), Huangbai (1 fen, sliced).
Preparation and Administration: Pound and sieve into fine powder. Mix with raw honey to form pills the size of a bullet. Wrap one pill in silk, hold in mouth and swallow saliva.
Mi Zi Bapi Formula (from *Huren Shu*): Treats Shanghan heat-toxin mouth sores.
Usage: Take 3 liang of Huangbai, peel off coarse bark, slice finely. Soak overnight in half a jin of honey. Boil in a pot for more than ten boils. When warm, hold small amounts of the honey in the mouth, spit out slowly after a while, then hold again. Alternatively, roast with honey until dark yellow, grind into powder. Take half a qian per dose, sprinkled in the mouth is also good.
Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats Shanghan mouth and tongue sores, redness and ulceration.
Ingredients: Shengma (1 liang), Mudan Pi, Gancao (roasted and sliced, each 5 qian), Maidong (heart removed, dried, 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water, 21 slices of Zhuye, two dates (broken). Decoct until 7 fen remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals. Avoid seaweed, Chinese cabbage, and Coriander.
Ku Jiu Tang (Bitter Wine Decoction) [from *Wei Shi Fang*]: Treats Shanghan Shaoyin disease, sores in the throat, inability to speak.
Ingredients: Banxia (washed seven times in water, cut into 14 pieces), Chicken Egg (one egg, remove yolk, keep shell, add bitter wine).
Preparation and Administration: Place Banxia in the bitter wine. Place the eggshell in the center of a scissor ring. Heat over fire until it boils twice. Filter dregs. Hold small amounts in mouth and swallow.
Huangbai Tang (Phellodendron Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan Heart heat, cracked tongue, and mouth sores.
Ingredients: Huangbai (peeled, honey-roasted), Daqing, Longdan, Xuanshen (hard ones), Sheng Gan Dihuang (each 5 qian), Shengma (1 liang), Shegan (3 fen, hairs removed).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water and three slices of Zhuye. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs. Add one he of honey, stir well.
Lingyangjiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan febrile disease residual heat rushing upward, causing mouth and tongue sores.
Ingredients: Lingyangjiao (shaved), Shegan (hairs removed), Maidong (heart removed, dried), Lugeng (each 1 liang), Shengma, Shaoyao (each 3 fen), Mutong (sliced in half).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals.
Chaihu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan febrile disease with alternating chills and fever, pain in all joints, and mouth and tongue sores.
Ingredients: Chaihu (1 liang, roots removed), Shengma, Shaoyao, Maidong (heart removed, dried), Gancao, Huangqin (remove black heart, each 3 fen), Zhimu (dried), Huanglian (each 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water, ginger piece the size of a date (smashed), 100 grains of Chi Dou, and 5 cun of Congbai (green onion white). Decoct until one zhan remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals.
Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan mouth and tongue sores.
Ingredients: Dahuang (sliced and fried), Daqing, Shengma, Huangqin (remove black heart), Gancao (roasted and sliced, each 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals.
Shaoyao Tang (Peony Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan Heart heat mouth sores, persistent and not healing.
Ingredients: Shaoyao, Huangqin (remove black heart), Lingyangjiao (shaved), Gancao (roasted and sliced, each 1 liang), Daqing (3 qian), Shengma (2 liang), Huangbai (peel removed, honey-roasted, half liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of salt water and 21 slices of Zhuye. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs, add... [Text cuts off here in original].
Qinjiao Tang (Gentiana Macrophylla Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan mouth sores, red urine, and vexatious heat in hands and feet.
Ingredients: Qinjiao (roots and soil removed), Chaihu (roots removed), Daqing (each 1 liang), Shengma, Huangqin (remove black heart), Gancao (roasted and sliced, each 3 fen), Huzhang (5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of water, 5 cun of Congbai, and 100 grains of Chi Dou. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals.
Xijiao Tang (Rhinoceros Horn Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan Heart deficiency heat, sores all over the mouth.
Ingredients: Xijiao (shaved), Xuanshen (each 1 liang), Hu Huanglian, Gancao (roasted and sliced, each 5 qian).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose. Add one and a half zhan of water and 14 slices of Zhuye. Decoct until half a zhan remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals.
Jili San (Tribulus Powder) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-Shanghan Spleen congestion, chronic sores on lips and mouth.
Ingredients: Jili Zi (stir-fried, spines removed), Baibian Dou (stir-fried, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Pound and sieve into powder. Take 1 qian per dose, taken with salt like tea seasoning. At any time.
Dihuang Jian (Rehmannia Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats Shanghan Heart heat, mouth and tongue sores.
Ingredients: Sheng Dihuang Zhi (3 he), Honey (5 he).
Preparation and Administration: Mix evenly. Slowly decoct until thick syrup consistency. Take half a spoon per dose, dissolve in mouth, slowly swallow saliva. At any time.
Daqing Yin: Treats post-Shanghan mouth sores, throat swelling and blockage.
Ingredients: Daqing (roots removed, 1 liang), Wulan (roots removed, half liang), Shigao (ground, 1 liang), Shaoyao (1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Pound and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose. Use one zhan of water, add small amounts of Congbai, salt, and Chi Dou. Decoct until 6 fen remains, filter dregs. Take warm after meals and before bed.
Shengma Liuwu Tang (Cimicifuga Six-Ingredient Decoction) [from *Huren Shu*]: Treats mouth sores with redness and ulceration.
Ingredients: Shengma, Zhizi Ren (each 1.5 qian), Daqing, Xingren, Huangqin (each 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder. Use one and a half zhan of water and three stalks of Congbai. Decoct until 8 fen remains, filter dregs, take warm.
Treatment for Shanghan febrile disease mouth sores:
Usage: Take Huangbapi, peel off the outer coarse bark, take the inner good part, slice thinly. Soak in salt overnight, ensuring high concentration. Hold the juice in the mouth, spit out after a while, then hold again. If there are sores from chest heat, occasionally drinking 3-5 he is especially good. Same formula as *Shenghui Fang*. Boil for more than ten boils, filter dregs, hold when warm.