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The essence and qi of the five zang organs and six fu organs all ascend to the eyes, as the eyes are the sites where all meridians converge. After recovery from shanghan (cold damage disease), residual toxins remain incomplete and invade the liver internally. Pathogenic heat rushes upward, causing blood vessels to become congested and stagnant, resulting in redness and pain in the eyes. In severe cases, sores may form, or membranes (pterygium/corneal opacity) may grow, obscuring the pupil. Treatment should focus on cooling the Liver meridian to eliminate heat toxins.

The eyes are the manifestation of the essence of the zang and fu organs and serve as the external indicator of the Liver's condition. Heat toxins from shanghan stagnate and smolder within the Liver, attacking the eyes upward, leading to redness, swelling, and pain in the eyes. If the toxic qi is vigorous, membranes may grow in the eyes. Furthermore, the Liver opens into the eyes; if Liver qi is deficient with internal heat, the heat rushes upward to the eyes, causing redness and pain. In heavier conditions, sores, white membranes, or polyps may develop.

Formulas:

Maimendong San (Ophiopogon Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing dim vision, tearing, astringency and pain under the eyelids, gradually worsening.
Ingredients: Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed), Lingyangjiao xie (Antelope Horn powder, shaved), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, radicle removed), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped, each 1 liang), Chifuling (Poria Cocos with Red Bark), Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Ruren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen), Digupi (Lycii Cortex, each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve the ingredients into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen (large cup) of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs.

(No Formula Name) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing redness, astringency, and floating membranes. Suitable for this formula.
Ingredients: Chuan Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Chuan Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped, each 0.3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye (Bambusae Folium), decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time. Another version contains Huanglian.

Ruren San (Prunus Kernel Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin attacking the eyes, causing cataracts/membranes, redness, and swelling.
Ingredients: Ruren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen), Loulu (Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Xijiao xie (Rhino Horn powder, shaved), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped), Chuan Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and lightly stir-fried, each 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried until slightly yellow, each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Chaihu San (Bupleurum Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin attacking the eyes, causing cataracts/membranes, redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gan Juhua (Dendranthema Flos, each 0.3 fen), Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma, 0.5 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, radicle removed, each 0.5 liang), Chuan Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Crush and sieve into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time. Another version contains Xuanshen, without Yanhusuo.

Lingyangjiao San (Antelope Horn Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing redness, astringency, dim vision, and pain.
Ingredients: Lingyangjiao xie (Antelope Horn powder, shaved), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, radicle removed), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and lightly stir-fried, above ingredients each 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Make into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until... [text cuts off, likely 0.5 zhen], remove dregs, take warm.

Huangqin San (Scutellaria Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing membranes, redness, and swelling.
Ingredients: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Xuanshen (Scrophulariae Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed, above ingredients each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Make into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Qinpi San (Phellodendri Cortex Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin attacking the eyes, suddenly causing red membranes and pain, inability to see clearly, or external eye swelling.
Ingredients: Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, radicle removed), Ruren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chuan Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, bran-fried until slightly yellow, pith removed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped, each 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, 0.5 liang), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and lightly stir-fried), Chuan Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Make into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Shigao San (Gypsum Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats unresolved shanghan, heat toxin qi rushing upward causing headache, redness, and astringency in the eyes.
Ingredients: Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed, each 1 liang), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, chopped), Chi Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, each 0.5 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 fen, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped).
Preparation and Administration: Make into a powder. Take 4 qian per dose, add 1 zhong zhen (medium cup) of water, add 0.5 fen of Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), 2 stems of Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), 50 grains of Chi (Sojae Preparata), decoct until 0.6 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Juemingzi San (Cassia Seed Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing red veins and white membranes, unbearable astringency and pain.
Ingredients: Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Chuan Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Huangbo (Phellodendri Cortex, chopped), Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex), Chuan Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 1 liang), Ruren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, 0.5 liang), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1.5 liang, mustache removed), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 0.5 liang, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely sieve into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 zhong zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Shengma San (Bupleurum Root Powder) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin attacking the eyes, causing membrane growth.
Ingredients: Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, each 1 liang), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried until slightly red and chopped, each 0.3 fen), Chuan Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely sieve into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1 da zhen of water, decoct until 0.5 zhen remains, remove dregs. Take warm at any time.

Qingxiangzi Wan (Celosia Seed Pill) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin attacking the eyes, causing redness, pain, and accompanying visual halos/membranes.
Ingredients: Qingxiangzi (Celosiae Semen), Chuan Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and lightly stir-fried), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Chuan Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen, above ingredients each 1 liang), Tugan (Rabbit Liver, 3 fen, lightly roasted), Chuan Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take at any time.

(No Formula Name) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing red and white membranes. Suitable for this formula.
Usage: Take 1 liang of Haihegu (Sepiae Endoconcha), removing the large skin, grind into fine powder. Add a small amount of Longnao (Borneolum Syntheticum), grind again until fine. Apply a small amount to the eyes 3-4 times daily.

(No Formula Name) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan after severe illness, heat toxin qi attacking the eyes.
Usage: Take 2 liang of Lubifang (Vespa Nidus), decoct in 3 zhen of water until 2 zhen remains, remove dregs, let cool to warm temperature. Wash or apply to eyes 3-5 times.

(No Formula Name) [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin qi attacking the eyes, causing membrane growth.
Usage: Take 37 grains of Chi (Sojae Preparata), burn to ash, grind finely into powder. Apply a small amount to the membrane 3-4 times daily until cured. Another method: make into powder, blow into the nose through a tube.

Lingyangjiao Tang (Antelope Horn Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, where heat toxin qi is congested and attacks the eyes, causing dim vision and pain.
Ingredients: Lingyangjiao xie (Antelope Horn powder, shaved), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, radicle removed), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed, each 1 liang), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, radix removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.6 zhen remains, remove dregs, take warm. Once after morning meal, once after evening meal.

Huanglian Tang (Coptis Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, toxic qi attacking upward, causing floating membranes in eyes, redness, and pain.
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix, each 3 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, 3 fen), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, ground, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.6 zhen remains, remove dregs, take warm. Once after morning meal, once after evening meal.

Lianqiao Tang (Forsythia Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, toxic qi attacking upward, causing redness, pain in eyes, and membrane growth.
Ingredients: Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Loulu (Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba, radicle removed), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, root and joints removed, each 2 liang), Bailian (Pentaphragomatis Radix, 1 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and stir-fried, 0.5 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and chopped), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas, each 0.3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhen of water, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct... [text cuts off].

Difuzi Wan (Kochia Seed Pill) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats various eye diseases after shanghan febrile disease.
Ingredients: Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus), Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen), Shashen (Glehniae Radix), Lingyangjiao xie (Antelope Horn powder, shaved), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped, above ingredients each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills after meals with warm water.

Jueming Wan (Cassia Pill) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, dim vision, sores, redness, and pain in eyes.
Ingredients: Shijueming (Concha Arcae), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, leaves and stalks removed), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried, each 1 liang), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and stir-fried), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Lingyangjiao xie (Antelope Horn powder, shaved, each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take after meals, decoct... [text cuts off].

Maimendong Wan (Ophiopogon Pill) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan febrile disease, dim vision with membranes, redness, astringency, and pain.
Ingredients: Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, heart removed), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Chongweizi (Leonuri Fructus), Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus), Sheng Gan Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, baked), Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus, pith removed, bran-fried), Shijueming (Concha Arcae, chopped clean), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed, above ingredients each 1 liang), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, leaves and stalks removed, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to make pills the size of Sophora seeds. Take 20 pills after meals with rice water.

Xijiao Tang (Rhino Horn Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, Liver qi excess, gritty pain in eyes, or membrane halos.
Ingredients: Xijiao xie (Rhino Horn powder, shaved, 3 fen), Qumai (Dianthi Herba), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, black heart removed), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, mustache removed), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, chopped), Zhizi Ren (Gardeniae Semen), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, chopped and stir-fried), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, each 0.5 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 3 qian per dose, add 37 slices of Zhuye, decoct until 0.6 zhen remains, remove dregs, take warm. Once after morning meal, once after evening meal.

Xiyan Qinpi Tang (Eye-Washing Phellodendron Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, hot qi rushing upward, causing sores and membranes in eyes.
Ingredients: Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex, 1 fen), Zhuye (Bambusae Folium, one handful), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, fork removed), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Weirui (Polygonati Rhizoma, each 0.5 liang), Ruren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, shell removed and ground, 1 fen), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, raw, 3 fen).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Use 2 sheng of water total, boil down to 1 sheng, filter through cloth to remove dregs, let cool to warm temperature, wash eyes. Any time.

Fangfeng Tang (Saposhnikovia Decoction) [from *Shengji Zonglu*]: Treats post-shanghan, Liver deficiency causing dim vision, unclear sight, or seeing black spots.
Ingredients: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, fork removed), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried and chopped), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fushen (Poria Cocos with Pine Root, wood removed), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix, radicle removed, each 1 liang), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, leaves and stalks removed), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos, each 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush and sieve. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhen of water, decoct until 1 zhen remains, remove dregs, take warm. Once after morning meal, once after evening meal.

Loulu Lianqiao Tang (Euphorbia Forsythia Decoction) [from *Qianjin Fang*]: Treats shanghan heat toxin transforming into red carbuncles, erysipelas, rashes, swelling/toxins, and eye redness/pain with membrane growth. All are indicated.
Ingredients: Loulu (Euphorbiae Humifusae Herba), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, joints removed), Bailian (Pentaphragomatis Radix), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, each 2 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, sliced), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus, honey-fried, each 3 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Slice. Decoct in 9 sheng of water until 3 sheng remains, remove dregs, take warm, divided into three doses. Take another dose after two meal intervals. If heat is severe, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid Haizao (Sargassum), Songcai (Brassica chinensis), etc.

Qinpi Tang Treats toxic disease attacking the eyes, suddenly causing red membranes, or white, or skin swelling, or redness/pain, inability to see light, pain penetrating to Liver and Heart, or external eye... [text cuts off].
Ingredients: Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Changshan ( Dichroae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Bailian (Pentaphragomatis Radix), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus, honey-fried), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried, above ingredients each 2 liang), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Decoct in 8 sheng of water until 3 sheng remains, divide into two doses. Take another dose after two meal intervals. If heat is severe, add Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas, 2 liang). Avoid... [text cuts off].

Qinpi Tang [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]: Treats shanghan, heat toxin qi entering eyes, causing red veins, red membranes, white skin, white membranes, redness/pain, and inability to see light.
Ingredients: Qinpi (Phellodendri Cortex), Shengma (Bupleuri Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, each 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Slice. Wash with water to remove dust. Decoct in 4 sheng of water until 2.5 sheng remains, cool it. Divide into three uses, 3 he per use. Tilt head back, wrap cotton around chopstick tip, dip in decoction and drip into eyes like dripping roof water, use up 3 he. Repeat after a moment, 5-6 times daily for best results. Avoid pork, cold water.

Another Prescription [from *Taiping Shenghui Fang*]
Usage: Soak clean cloth in cold water, use to cover the eyes.

(No Formula Name) Treats shanghan heat toxin in the Liver, prone to anger, tendon/muscle pain, mental confusion, unwillingness to see people, distension in hypochondrium, loss of appetite. Pulse diagnosis: Left hand Guan position... [text cuts off].
Ingredients: Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Jingjie Sui (Perillae Folium), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Mudan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, each 1 liang), Xiaoshi (Natrii Nitras, 4 zhu), Qianniu (Pharbitidis Semen, 1.5 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 2 zhu).
Preparation and Administration: Among the above herbs, separate Qianniu, Banxia, and Xiaoshi to be pounded separately. Pound all other herbs together. Take 6 qian per dose: 4 qian of the mixed herb powder and 2 qian of the Qianniu mixture. Decoct 1.5 zhen of water first to make soup, then add 4 qian of the mixed herb powder and 3 stems of Congbai, boil once, strain quickly to get 1 zhen of liquid. Mix with the Qianniu powder. Take after meals with the dregs.