防风甘纯阳。太阳经本药。身。去上风。梢。去下风。与干姜、藜芦、白蔹、芫花相反。
芎辛纯阳。少阳经本药。治头眩头痛。细辛辛纯阳。主少阴。苦头痛。白芷辛纯阳。阳明
经本药。兼治太阳阳明头痛。黄芩苦阴中微阳。酒炒上颈。主上部积血。东垣曰。泄肺火而
解肌热。肺苦气逆。急食苦以泄之。甘草、生甘平、炙甘温纯阳。补血养胃。梢。去肾经之
痛。与远志、大戟、芫花、甘遂、海藻相反。当归甘辛阳中微阴。头。破血。身。行血。尾
。止血。治上酒浸。治下酒洗。糖色能润肠。与蒲黄、海藻相反。连翘苦辛阴中微阳。诸客
热非此不能除。又治手足少阳。疮 痈肿。黄连苦纯阳。泄心火。心下痞。酒炒酒浸上颈以
上。与芫花菊花僵蚕款冬花相反。苍术甘苦阳中微阴。诸肿湿非此不能除。足阳明太阴药。
能健胃安脾。羌活甘苦纯阳。太阳颈头痛。诸骨节疼痛。非此不能除。亦能温胆。太阳风
药也。白术、苦甘温阳中微阴。脾苦湿。急食苦以燥之。利腰脐间血。与苍术同用。海云。
苍白有止发之异。生地黄、甘寒阴中微阳。凉血。补血不足。治颈以上酒浸。恶贝母。与芜
荑相反。白芍药甘酸阴中之阳。白补赤散。泻肝补脾胃。酒浸行经。止中部腹痛。与石斛硝
石相反。人参甘苦阳中微阴。养血。补胃气泻心火。喘嗽勿用之。短气用之。与藜芦相反。
柴胡苦阴中之阳。去往来寒热。胆痹非柴胡梢子不能除。与皂荚藜芦相反。少阳厥阴行经药
也。黄 甘纯阳。益胃气。去肌热。止自汗。诸痛用之。与鳖甲相反。葛根甘纯阳。止渴升
阳。解酒毒。阳明经之本药也。泽泻咸阴中微阳。渗泄。止渴。泄伏水。升麻、甘苦阳中微
阴。主脾胃。解肌肉间热。脾痹非升麻稍不能除。手足阳明伤风。引用之的药也。半夏苦辛
阴中之阳。除痰涎。胸中寒痰。治太阳痰厥头痛。与羊血鳖甲皂荚雄黄相反。桔梗辛苦阳中
之阴。疗咽喉痛。利肺气。治鼻塞。为舟楫之剂。与草龙胆相反。蔓荆子苦辛阴中之阳。凉
诸经血。止头痛。主目睛内痛。与石膏相反。枳壳苦酸阴中微阳。破气泄肺中不利之气。枳
实苦酸纯阴。去胃中湿热。消心下痛痞。浓朴苦阴中之阳。去腹胀。浓肠胃。栀子苦纯阴。
去心中懊 躁烦。橘皮苦辛阴中之阳。利肺气。有白则补。无则泻脾。活络治哕。五味子酸
阴中微阳。治嗽。补真气。与葳蕤、乌头相反。知母苦阴中微阳。凉肾经本药。上颈行经用
酒炒。干姜辛纯阳。经曰。寒淫所盛。以辛散之。见火后稍苦。故止而不走也。麻黄苦甘阴
中之阳。泄卫中实。去荣中寒。发太阳少阴之汗。入手太阴。 本苦辛阳中微阴。太阳经本
药。治巅顶脑痛。齿痛。与葙子相反。地榆甘酸苦阳中之阴。微补。治下部有血。与麦门冬
相反。大黄苦纯阴。热淫所盛。以苦泄之。酒浸入太阳经。酒洗入阳明经。其余经不用酒。
其性走而不守。独活甘苦阴中之阳。头眩目晕。非此不能除。足少阴经药。吴茱萸辛阳中微
阴。温中下气。腹痛温胃。与丹参硝石五石英相反。郁李仁苦辛阴中之阳。破血润燥。豉苦
咸纯阴。去心中懊 。伤寒头痛烦躁。黄柏苦辛阴中之阳。治肾水膀胱不足。诸痿厥腰膝无
力。防己辛苦阳中之阴。泄湿气。与细辛相反。川乌头辛纯阳。去寒湿风痹血痹。行经。与
半夏、栝蒌相反。与附子相同。瞿麦辛阳中微阴。利小便为君。黍粘子辛纯阳。润肺散气、
主风毒肿利咽膈。白豆蔻辛纯阳。散肺中滞气。主积冷。止吐逆反胃。消谷进饮食。麦门冬
甘阳中微阴。治肺中伏火。生脉保神。强阴益精。与苦参相反。茯苓甘淡纯阳。渗泄止渴。
伐肾邪。小便多则能止之。涩则能利之。白入辛壬癸。赤入丙。与白蔹地榆相反。熟地黄甘
苦阴中微阳。大补血虚不足。通血脉益气力。忌萝卜。阿胶甘纯阴。补虚安胎止痛。苏木甘
咸阳中之阴。破死血及血胀欲死者。猪苓甘苦阳中之阴。渗泄止渴。又治淋肿。肉桂甘苦纯
阳。太阳本药。去胃中风药。秋冬下部腹冷。非此不能除之。汤液发汗。用桂枝。补肾内
用肉桂。忌生葱。草龙胆苦纯阳。泻肝热止眼睛疼。酒浸上行。木香辛纯阳。和胃气。疗中
下焦气结滞刺痛。须用槟榔为使。石膏辛甘阴中之阳。止阳明头痛。止消渴中暑潮热。甘遂
甘纯阳。水结胸中非此不能除。与甘草相反。天南星苦与半夏同。金铃子酸苦阴中之阳。心
暴痛非此不能除。神曲辛纯阳。益胃气。红蓝花苦阴中微阳。入心养血。又治血运恶血不尽
绞痛。地骨皮苦纯阴。凉骨热。酒浸解骨蒸。非此不能除。栝蒌根苦纯阴。心中苦渴。非此
不能除。与干姜牛膝相反。秦艽苦阴中微阳。治阳明经风湿痹。仍治口疮毒。通草甘纯阳。
泻肺利小便、通阴窍涩。牡丹皮苦辛阴中微阳。凉骨蒸。又治肠胃积血衄血吐血。手厥阴足
少阴药。治无汗骨蒸也。地骨皮苦手少阳足少阴药治有汗骨蒸也。琥珀甘纯阳。利小便。清
肺火。消瘀血。安魂魄。姜黄辛。牡蛎酸 痞积。又治带下。温疟。疮肿。为软坚收涩之剂。
梧桐泪咸瘰 非此不能除。草豆蔻辛纯阳。益脾胃去寒。又治寒心胃痛。巴豆辛纯阳。去胃
中湿。破症瘕结聚。斩关夺门之将。不可轻用。茯神甘纯阳。风眩心虚、非此不能除。蜀葵
花咸阴中微阳。治带下。赤治赤。白治白。槟榔辛纯阳。破气滞。泄胸中至高之气。苦参辛
纯阳。气沉去湿。与菟丝子相反。藿香甘苦纯阳微阴。补卫气。益胃气。进饮食。又治吐逆
霍乱。青皮苦辛酸阴中之阳。主气滞破积结。少阳经下药也。陈皮治高。青皮治低。甘菊花
苦纯阴。养目血。茵陈蒿苦甘阴中微阳。治伤寒散黄。丁香辛纯阳。去胃中之实。治肾气奔
豚痛。大枣甘纯阳。温胃。天门冬甘苦阳中之阴。保肺气。治血热侵肺。上喘气促。生姜辛
纯阳。益脾胃散风寒。郁金辛苦阴中微阳。凉心。京三棱苦甘阴中之阳。破气泻真气。主老
痹。瘕气结块。血脉不通。气虚不用。高良姜辛纯阳。温通脾胃。款冬花辛纯阳。温脾止嗽
。香附子甘苦阳中之阴。快气。黑附子辛纯阳。治脾中大实。肾中寒甚。通行诸经。与防风
相反。白芨苦甘阳中之阴。止肺涩。白蔹同。蜀漆辛纯阳。破血。射干苦甘阳中之阴。去胃
中痈疮。威灵仙甘纯阳。去风去大肠之风。通十二经络。马兜铃苦阴中微阳。利小便。主肺
热。安肺气。补肺。灯草甘纯阳。利小便。葫芦巴苦纯阳。治元气虚冷、及肾虚冷。白附子
辛苦纯阳。温中。血痹行药力。主中风失音、乃行而不止者也。槐花苦纯阴。凉大肠之热。
槐实苦同上。沉香甘纯阳。补肾。又能去恶气调中。东垣曰。能养诸气。上而治天。下而及
泉。与药为使。檀香甘苦阳中微阴。主心腹霍乱中恶。引胃气上升进食。乳香甘纯阳。定惊
止痛。川楝子甘纯阳。入心。主上下部腹痛。竹叶苦甘阴中微阳。凉心经。山茱萸酸阴中之
阳。温肝。又能强阴益精。经云。滑则气脱。涩则可以收之。山茱萸之涩以收其滑。蜀椒辛
纯阳。明目。又温中止精泄。朱砂苦纯阴。凉心热非此不能除。龙骨、甘纯阳。固大肠脱。
赤石脂甘咸阳中之阴。固脱。白石脂同。芎 辛纯阳。散诸经之风。茜根苦阴中微阳。去诸
死血。艾叶苦阴中之阳。温胃。王不留行苦甘阳中之阴。导引利、主治疮疡。
苦寒以为君。 黄芩（去心） 黄连（去须） 黄柏（去皮） 知母（去须） 生地黄 但
用酒
洗过
甘寒以为佐。黄 人参 甘草
大辛以解结为臣。（结者散也） 连翘 当归（去芦） 本
通经以为使。（手足三阳、手走头而头走足、手足三阴、足走腹而腹走手、）
足太阳膀胱经。 羌活 本
足少阳胆经。 柴胡
足阳明胃经。 升麻 葛根 白芷
足太阴脾经。 芍药（白者补赤破血）
足少阴肾经。 独活 桂
足厥阴肝经。 柴胡
手太阳小肠经。 羌活 本
手少阳三焦经。 柴胡
手阳明大肠经。 白芷
手太阴肺经。 白芷 升麻（葱白亦能走经）
手少阴心经。 独活。
手厥阴心包经。 柴胡
辛温和血去恶血。 当归梢 苏木 红花 牡丹皮（专治胃流血凝血）
必先岁气无伐天和。 春。防风 升麻 夏。黄芩 知母 白芍药 秋。泽泻 茯苓 冬。
桂 桂枝
补胃实胃进饮食。 橘皮 人参 甘草
内实内热者。黄芩 黄柏 知母
表虚表寒者。 黄 人参 桂枝（内发在外）
气虚气弱者。 陈皮 黄 人参（入脾）
气实气结者。 青皮 浓朴 木香 沉香
血虚者。 生地黄 当归身
血实恶血积聚者。 当归梢 苏木 红花
散阴疮之结聚排脓者。 肉桂。入心引血化汗化脓。
出疮毒消疮肿。 黍粘子（用半生半熟解表里。一名大力子。牛蒡子。恶实子。）
疮出膈以上须用。 防风上节 羌活 桔梗（此一味为舟楫。使诸药不能下沉。）
疮出身中以下。 须用酒水各半盏煎。
疮出坚而不溃者。 昆布 王瓜根 广术 京三棱
疮痛甚者加用。 黄芩 黄连 黄柏 知母
上二经中。但有疮皆血结气聚。必用连翘
疮发而渴者。 加葛根
疮出而呕吐者。 半夏 姜屑
疮出而渴闷者。 黄连
疮出而饮水者。 泽泻 茯苓
疮出而大便不通者。 煨大黄
大便结燥而难得者。 桃仁 麻子仁 郁李仁
中焦有疮。须用 黄连（酒洗）
下焦有疮。须用 黄柏 知母 防风（俱酒洗）
先有燥热而病疮者。盖肾水受邪。当补肾水之不足。用 黄柏 知母
因酒过多疮者。当除膀胱留热。用 泽泻 防风尾
泻肾火补下焦元气。 生甘草梢子
补三焦元气。调和诸药。共力成功者。 炙甘草
马刀挟瘿。须用 昆布 王瓜根 草龙胆
马刀未破而坚者。须用 广术 京三棱
地之湿气。湿寒伤之。外郁壅络不行。外有大寒湿之邪。而内必生大热。当以辛温之药、
及
病在上为天。制度宜酒炒酒洗。煎药宜武宜清。服之宜缓饮。
病在下为地。煎药宜文宜浓。服之宜急饮。
去咽嗌近者奇之。远者偶之。汗不可奇。下不可偶。
补上治上缓。缓者气味薄。能达其表。剂小服而频。食后。使气味能达表。达表。上。
故曰
肺。气 石膏（辛） 血 黄芩（苦）
肾。气 知母 血 黄柏
地骨皮。泻肾火。总治热在外。地为阴。骨为里。皮为表。
牡丹皮。治包络火。无汗而骨蒸。四物内。加上二味。治妇人骨蒸。
知母。泻肾火。治热在内有汗而骨蒸。
Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It is the principal herb of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) channel. Its root body removes wind from the upper part; its tip removes wind from the lower part. It is incompatible with Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), Lilu (Veratri Radix), Bailian (Lilii Bulbus), and Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos).
Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It is the principal herb of the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) channel. It treats dizziness and headache. Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It primarily enters the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) channel and treats severe headache. Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It is the principal herb of the Yangming (Bright Yang) channel and also treats headaches of the Taiyang and Yangming channels. Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Stir-fried with wine, it acts on the neck and above, treating accumulated blood in the upper part. Li Dongyuan said: It clears Lung fire and resolves muscle heat. When the Lung suffers from rebellious Qi, urgent consumption of bitter substances is required to drain it. Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), raw and sweet with neutral nature, roasted and sweet with warm nature, belongs to pure Yang. It nourishes blood and strengthens the Stomach. Its tip removes pain in the Kidney channel. It is incompatible with Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix), Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Gansui (Kansui Radix), and Haizao (Sargassum). Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), sweet and pungent, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. Its head breaks blood, its body promotes blood circulation, and its tail stops bleeding. For treating the upper part, soak in wine; for treating the lower part, wash with wine. Danggui with sugar-colored hue moistens the intestines. It is incompatible with Puhuang (Typhae Pollen) and Haizao (Sargassum). Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Various external heat pathogens cannot be eliminated without this herb. It also treats sores and carbuncles of the Hand and Foot Shaoyang channels. Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It drains Heart fire and treats epigastric fullness. Wine-stir-fried or wine-soaked, it acts on the neck and above. It is incompatible with Yuanhua (Genkwa Flos), Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus), and Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos). Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. Various swellings and dampness cannot be eliminated without this herb. It is an herb for the Foot Yangming and Foot Taiyin channels. It strengthens the Stomach and calms the Spleen. Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), sweet and bitter, belongs to pure Yang. It treats Taiyang channel neck and head pain and joint pain throughout the body; nothing else can eliminate these. It can also warm the Gallbladder. It is a wind-dispelling herb for the Taiyang channel. Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), bitter and sweet, warm in nature, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. When the Spleen suffers from dampness, urgent consumption of bitter substances is required to dry it. It benefits blood in the waist and umbilical region. Used together with Cangzhu. Haiyun stated: Baizhu and Cangzhu differ in their effects on stopping sweating and inducing sweating. Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), sweet and cold, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It cools blood. Its ability to tonify blood is insufficient. For treating the neck and above, soak in wine. It is adverse to Beimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus). It is incompatible with Wuyi (Meliae Semen). Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), sweet and sour, belongs to Yang within Yin. White tonifies, red disperses. It drains the Liver and tonifies the Spleen and Stomach. Wine-soaked to promote meridian circulation. It stops abdominal pain in the middle region. It is incompatible with Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis) and Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas). Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It nourishes blood, tonifies Stomach Qi, and drains Heart fire. Do not use for wheezing and coughing. Use for shortness of breath. It is incompatible with Lilu (Veratri Radix). Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yang within Yin. It eliminates alternating chills and fever. Gallbladder bi-syndrome cannot be eliminated without Chaihu tips. It is incompatible with Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Fructus) and Lilu (Veratri Radix). It is a meridian-circulating herb for the Shaoyang and Jueyin channels. Huangqi (Astragali Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It benefits Stomach Qi, removes muscle heat, and stops spontaneous sweating. It is used for various pains. It is incompatible with Biejia (Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum). Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It stops thirst, raises Yang, and resolves alcohol toxicity. It is the principal herb of the Yangming channel. Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), salty in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It promotes diuresis and turbid drainage, stops thirst, and drains hidden water. Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It primarily enters the Spleen and Stomach, resolving heat between the muscles. Spleen bi-syndrome cannot be eliminated without Shengma tips. It is a guiding herb for Wind injury of the Hand and Foot Yangming channels. Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. It eliminates phlegm-fluids, treats cold phlegm in the chest, and treats Taiyang channel phlegm-jue headache. It is incompatible with Yangxue (Ovis Sanguis), Biejia (Trionycis Carapax et Plastrum), Zaojiao (Gleditsiae Fructus), and Xionghuang (Realgar). Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yin within Yang. It treats sore throat, benefits Lung Qi, and treats nasal congestion. It serves as a boat-and-pier agent (carrying drugs upward). It is incompatible with Caolongdan (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix). Manjingzi (Vitalbae Fructus), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. It cools blood of all channels, stops headache, and treats internal pain of the eyeballs. It is incompatible with Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum). Zhike (Aurantii Fructus), bitter and sour, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It breaks Qi and drains obstructive Qi in the Lung. Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), bitter and sour, belongs to pure Yin. It removes damp-heat in the Stomach and dissipates epigastric pain and fullness. Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yang within Yin. It removes abdominal distension and thickens the intestines. Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. It removes mental restlessness and vexation. Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. It benefits Lung Qi. If white, it tonifies; if lacking white, it drains the Spleen. It activates collaterals and treats hiccups. Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), sour in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It treats cough and tonifies True Qi. It is incompatible with Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) and Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It is the principal herb of the Kidney channel. Wine-stir-fried when acting on the neck and circulating meridians. Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. The Classic says: When cold excess prevails, disperse with pungent substances. After being exposed to fire, it becomes slightly bitter, thus stopping movement rather than wandering. Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yang within Yin. It drains excess in the Wei level and removes cold in the Ying level. It induces sweating of the Taiyang and Shaoyin channels. It enters the Hand Taiyin channel. Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It is the principal herb of the Taiyang channel. It treats vertex headache and toothache. It is incompatible with Chongzi (Leonuri Fructus). Diyü (Sanguisorbae Radix), sweet, sour, and bitter, belongs to Yin within Yang. It mildly tonifies and treats bleeding from the lower part. It is incompatible with Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix). Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. When heat excess prevails, drain with bitter substances. Wine-soaked to enter the Taiyang channel; wine-washed to enter the Yangming channel. Other channels do not use wine. Its nature moves but does not stay. Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang within Yin. It treats dizziness and vertigo; nothing else can eliminate these. It is an herb for the Foot Shaoyin channel. Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), pungent, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It warms the middle and directs Qi downward, treating abdominal pain and warming the Stomach. It is incompatible with Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas), and Wushiying (Pyritum). Yuliren (Pruni Semen), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. It breaks blood and moistens dryness. Chi (Fermentum Medicatum), bitter and salty, belongs to pure Yin. It removes mental restlessness. It treats headache and irritability in Cold Damage. Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. It treats insufficiency of Kidney Water and Bladder, various Wei syndromes, Jue syndromes, and weakness of the waist and knees. Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yin within Yang. It drains dampness. It is incompatible with Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma). Chuanwutou (Aconiti Radix), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It removes cold-damp Bi syndrome and Blood Bi, promoting meridian circulation. It is incompatible with Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Gualou (Trichosanthis Radix). It has the same effect as Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata). Qumai (Dianthi Herba), pungent, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It promotes urination and serves as the sovereign drug. Shuniuzi (Arctii Fructus), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It moistens the Lung and disperses Qi, treating wind-toxin swelling and benefiting the throat and diaphragm. Baidoukou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It disperses stagnant Qi in the Lung, treats accumulated cold, stops vomiting and reverse regurgitation, aids digestion, and promotes appetite. Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), sweet, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. It treats latent fire in the Lung, generates Pulse, preserves Spirit, strengthens Yin, and benefits Essence. It is incompatible with Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix). Fuling (Poria), sweet and bland, belongs to pure Yang. It promotes diuresis and turbid drainage, stops thirst, and attacks Kidney pathogenic factors. It stops excessive urination and promotes urination when there is retention. White enters Xin, Ren, Gui; Red enters Bing. It is incompatible with Bailian (Lilii Bulbus) and Diyü (Sanguisorbae Radix). Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. It greatly tonifies blood deficiency and insufficiency, unites the vessels, and benefits Qi and strength. Radish is contraindicated. Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. It tonifies deficiency, calms the fetus, and stops pain. Sumu (Santalum Rubrum), sweet and salty, belongs to Yin within Yang. It breaks dead blood and treats blood distension approaching death. Zhuling (Polyporus), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang within Yin. It promotes diuresis and turbid drainage, stops thirst, and also treats strangury and swelling. Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), sweet and bitter, belongs to pure Yang. It is the principal herb of the Taiyang channel, removing wind from the Stomach. For cold abdomen in the lower part during autumn and winter, nothing else can eliminate it. For decoctions to induce sweating, use Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus); for internal tonification of the Kidney, use Rougui. Raw green onion is contraindicated. Caolongdan (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It drains Liver heat and stops eye pain. Wine-soaked to ascend. Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It harmonizes Stomach Qi and treats qi stagnation, obstruction, stabbing pain in the middle and lower jiao. Binglang (Arecae Semen) must be used as an assistant. Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), pungent and sweet, belongs to Yang within Yin. It stops Yangming headache, stops thirst, summerheat, and tidal fever. Gansui (Kansui Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Water accumulation in the chest cannot be eliminated without this herb. It is incompatible with Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma). Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma), bitter in flavor, same as Banxia. Jinlingzi (Toosendan Fructus), sour and bitter, belongs to Yang within Yin. Sudden heart pain cannot be eliminated without this herb. Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. It benefits Stomach Qi. Honglanhua (Carthami Flos), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Enters the Heart to nourish blood, also treats blood stasis, evil blood retention, and colic pain. Digupi (Lycii Cortex), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. Cools bone heat. Wine-soaked to resolve bone-steaming heat; nothing else can eliminate it. Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. Treats intense thirst in the heart; nothing else can eliminate it. It is incompatible with Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) and Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix). Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Treats Yangming channel wind-damp Bi syndrome, and also treats mouth sores and toxins. Tongcao (Tetrapanacis Medulla), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Drains Lung, promotes urination, and unblocks yin orifices and涩 (retention). Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. Cools bone-steaming heat, also treats intestinal and gastric accumulated blood, epistaxis, and hematemesis. It is an herb for the Hand Jueyin and Foot Shaoyin channels, treating bone-steaming heat without sweat. Digupi (Lycii Cortex) is an herb for the Hand Shaoyang and Foot Shaoyin channels, treating bone-steaming heat with sweat. Hupo (Electrum), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Promotes urination, clears Lung fire, eliminates blood stasis, and calms the soul. Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), pungent. Muli (Concha Ostreae), sour, treats痞积 (masses and accumulations), also treats leukorrhea, warm malaria, and sores/carbuncles. It is a softening-hardness and astringent agent. Wutonglei (Liquidambaris Resina), salty, treats scrofula; nothing else can eliminate it. Caodoukou (Alpiniae Katsumadai Fructus), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Benefits the Spleen and Stomach and removes cold, also treats cold stomach pain. Badou (Crotonis Fructus), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Removes dampness in the Stomach, breaks mass and accumulation. It is a general who breaches gates and seizes doors; do not use lightly. Fushen (Poria cum Pinus Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Wind vertigo and Heart deficiency cannot be eliminated without this herb. Shuihuihua (Malvae Silvestris Flos), salty, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Treats leukorrhea; red treats red, white treats white. Binglang (Arecae Semen), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Breaks qi stagnation and drains the highest Qi in the chest. Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Qi sinks to remove dampness. It is incompatible with Tusi (Cuscutae Semen). Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), sweet and bitter, belongs to pure Yang with slight Yin. Tonifies Wei Qi, benefits Stomach Qi, promotes appetite, and also treats vomiting, regurgitation, and cholera. Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), bitter, sour, and pungent, belongs to Yang within Yin. Primarily treats qi stagnation and breaks accumulation. It is a descending herb for the Shaoyang channel. Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) treats high; Qingpi treats low. Juhua (Chrysanthemi Flos), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. Nourishes eye blood. Yinchenhao (Artemisiae Scopariae Herba), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Treats Cold Damage and disperses jaundice. Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Removes excess in the Stomach, treats Kidney Qi Ben Tun pain. Dazao (Jujubae Fructus), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Warms the Stomach. Tianmendong (Asparagi Radix), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yin within Yang. Preserves Lung Qi, treats blood heat invading the Lung, upper wheezing, and rapid breathing. Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Benefits the Spleen and Stomach, dispels wind and cold. Yujin (Curcumae Longae Radix), bitter and pungent, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Cools the Heart. Jing Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yang within Yin. Breaks Qi and drains True Qi, primarily treats old Bi syndrome, mass qi accumulation, blood vessel obstruction, and qi deficiency non-use. Gaoliangjiang (Alpiniae Officinarum Rhizoma), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Warms and unites the Spleen and Stomach. Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Warms the Spleen and stops cough. Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yin within Yang. Moves Qi smoothly. Hei Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Treats large excess in the Spleen and severe cold in the Kidney, circulating through all channels. It is incompatible with Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix). Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yin within Yang. Stops Lung dryness, same as Bailian. Shuqi (Radix Codonopsis), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Breaks blood. Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yin within Yang. Removes Stomach sores and ulcers. Weilingxian (Syneilesidis Radix), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Removes wind and wind of the Large Intestine, unites the twelve channels. Madangling (Aristolochiae Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Promotes urination, primarily treats Lung heat, calms Lung Qi, and tonifies the Lung. Dengcao (Junci Medulla), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Promotes urination. Huluba (Trigonellae Semen), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Treats primordial qi deficiency-cold and Kidney deficiency-cold. Baifuze (Bolbostemmatis Rhizoma), bitter and pungent, belongs to pure Yang. Warms the middle, promotes medicinal power in blood bi, primarily treats wind-stroke with loss of voice, moving but not stopping. Huaihua (Sophorae Flos), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. Cools heat of the Large Intestine. Huaishi (Sophorae Fructus) has the same flavor. Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinum), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Tonifies the Kidney, also removes bad qi and regulates the middle. Li Dongyuan said: It can nourish all Qi, reaching heaven above and springs below. Used as an assistant with other herbs. Tanxiang (Santalum Album), sweet and bitter, belongs to Yang with slight Yin. Primarily treats heart and abdomen cholera and sudden evil, guides Stomach Qi upward to promote eating. Ruxiang (Olibanum), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Calms fright and stops pain. Chuanlianzi (Toosendan Fructus), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Enters the Heart, primarily treats abdominal pain in the upper and lower parts. Zhuye (Bambusae Folium), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Cools the Heart channel. Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus), sour in flavor, belongs to Yang within Yin. Warms the Liver, also strengthens Yin and benefits Essence. The Classic says: Slipperiness leads to Qi escape; astringency can gather it. The astringency of Shanzhuyu gathers slipperiness. Shujiao (Zanthoxyli Fructus), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Brightens the eyes, also warms the middle and stops essence leakage. Zhusha (Cinnabaris), bitter in flavor, belongs to pure Yin. Cools Heart heat; nothing else can eliminate it. Longgu (Os Draconis et Mammutis), sweet in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Secures Large Intestine prolapse. Chishizhi (Halloysit Rubrum), sweet and salty, belongs to Yin within Yang. Secures collapse. Baishizhi (Halloysit Albus) is the same. Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), pungent in flavor, belongs to pure Yang. Dispels wind of all channels. Qigen (Rubiae Cordifoliae Radix), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yin with slight Yang. Removes all dead blood. Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium), bitter in flavor, belongs to Yang within Yin. Warms the Stomach. Wangbuliuxing (Vaccariae Semen), bitter and sweet, belongs to Yin within Yang. Guides and benefits, primarily treats sores and ulcers.
Use bitter-cold herbs as Sovereign (Jun): Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (remove heart), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (remove whiskers), Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex) (remove bark), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (remove whiskers), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix) (only wash with wine).
Use sweet-cold herbs as Assistant (Zuo): Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
Use great-pungent herbs to resolve knots as Minister (Chen) (Knots are scattered). Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (remove radicle), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix).
Use meridian-unblocking herbs as Envoy (Shi) (Hand and Foot Three Yang channels: Hand goes to Head, Head goes to Foot; Hand and Foot Three Yin channels: Foot goes to Abdomen, Abdomen goes to Hand).
Foot Taiyang Bladder Channel: Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix).
Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Channel: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix).
Foot Yangming Stomach Channel: Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).
Foot Taiyin Spleen Channel: Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) (White tonifies, Red breaks blood).
Foot Shaoyin Kidney Channel: Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Foot Jueyin Liver Channel: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix).
Hand Taiyang Small Intestine Channel: Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Gaoben (Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix).
Hand Shaoyang Triple Energizer Channel: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix).
Hand Yangming Large Intestine Channel: Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix).
Hand Taiyin Lung Channel: Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (Congbai/Allii Fistulosi Bulbus can also enter channels).
Hand Shaoyin Heart Channel: Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix).
Hand Jueyin Pericardium Channel: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix).
Sweet-pungent, warm to harmonize blood and remove evil blood: Danggui Shao (tip of Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Sumu (Santalum Rubrum), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) (specializes in treating stomach bleeding and coagulated blood).
First observe the annual Qi and do not damage the Heavenly Harmony. Spring: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma). Summer: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba). Autumn: Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria). Winter: Rongui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Tonify Stomach, solidify Stomach, promote appetite: Jupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
For interior excess and interior heat: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma).
For exterior deficiency and exterior cold: Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) (Internal release to exterior).
For Qi deficiency and weak Qi: Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Huangqi (Astragali Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) (Enters Spleen).
For Qi excess and Qi knot: Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinum).
For Blood deficiency: Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Danggui Shen (body of Angelicae Sinensis Radix).
For Blood excess and evil blood accumulation: Danggui Shao (tip of Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Sumu (Santalum Rubrum), Honghua (Carthami Flos).
To dissipate Yin sore accumulation and discharge pus: Rongui (Cinnamomi Cortex). Enters Heart to guide blood, transform sweat, and transform pus.
To expel sore toxin and reduce swelling: Shuniuzi (Arctii Fructus) (use half raw half cooked to resolve exterior and interior, also known as Dalizi, Niubangzi, Eshizi).
For sores emerging above the diaphragm, must use: Fangfeng upper section, Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (This single herb serves as a boat-and-pier agent, preventing other drugs from sinking).
For sores emerging below the middle of the body, must decoct with half wine and half water.
For hard sores that do not ulcerate: Kunbu (Sargassum), Wangguagen (Trichosanthes Cucumeris Radix), Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Jing Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma).
For severe sore pain, add: Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma).
In the above two channels, any sore is blood knot and qi aggregation; must use Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus).
For sores developing with thirst: Add Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix).
For sores developing with vomiting: Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma), Jiangxier (ginger shreds).
For sores developing with thirst and oppression: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma).
For sores developing with desire to drink water: Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria).
For sores developing with constipation: Wei Dahuang (stewed Rheum).
For hard and dry stool difficult to pass: Taoren (Persicae Semen), Maziren (Cannabis Semen), Yuliren (Pruni Semen).
For sores in the Middle Jiao, must use: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (wine-washed).
For sores in the Lower Jiao, must use: Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (all wine-washed).
For those who first had dry-heat then developed sores, due to Kidney Water being affected, one should tonify the insufficiency of Kidney Water, using: Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex), Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma).
For sores caused by excessive alcohol intake, one should remove retained heat in the Bladder, using: Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Fangfengwei (tip of Saposhnikoviae Radix).
To drain Kidney fire and tonify Lower Jiao primordial Qi: Sheng Gancao Shaozi (tip of raw Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
To tonify Triple Energizer primordial Qi, harmonize all drugs, and achieve success together: Zhi Gancao (roasted Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).
For Machdao (scrofula) with Jiaying (goiter), must use: Kunbu (Sargassum), Wangguagen (Trichosanthes Cucumeris Radix), Caolongdan (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix).
For Machdao not yet broken and hard, must use: Ezhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Jing Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma).
Earth's dampness, injured by cold-damp, externally constrained and collaterals blocked, with external cold-damp pathogens, internally must generate great heat. Should treat with pungent-warm drugs.
Disease in the upper is Heaven. Preparation system should be wine-stir-fried and wine-washed. Decoction should use strong fire and be clear. Administration should be slow sipping.
Disease in the lower is Earth. Decoction should use gentle fire and be concentrated. Administration should be rapid drinking.
Near the throat, use Odd formulas; far away, use Even formulas. Sweating should not use Odd formulas; purging should not use Even formulas.
Tonifying upper and treating upper should be slow. Slow means thin aroma and flavor, able to reach the exterior. Dosage small, frequency frequent. Taken after meals, so aroma and flavor can reach the exterior. Reaching exterior means reaching upper. Thus it is said:
Lung, Qi aspect uses Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (pungent), Blood aspect uses Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (bitter).
Kidney, Qi aspect uses Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Blood aspect uses Huangbai (Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex).
Digupi (Lycii Cortex) drains Kidney fire, generally treating heat outside. Earth is Yin, Bone is interior, Cortex is exterior.
Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex) treats Pericardium fire, bone-steaming heat without sweat. In Siwu Tang (Four Substance Decoction), adding these two flavors treats women's bone-steaming heat.
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) drains Kidney fire, treating heat inside with sweat and bone-steaming heat.