《良方》玄参散 治满口并舌生疮，连齿龈烂痛。
玄参 黄芩 黄柏 栀子仁 大黄 前胡 独活 犀角屑 麦冬 升麻 炙甘草（各等分）
上为咀。每服五钱，水一钟半，煎七分，不拘时温服。
玄参升麻汤 方在外科。治口舌生疮，重舌木舌，腮颊咽喉肿痛，斑疹疮疡。
清凉饮子 治上焦积热，口舌咽鼻干燥。
黄芩 黄连（各二钱） 薄荷 玄参 当归 芍药（各钱半） 甘草（一钱）
水二钟，煎八分，不拘时服。大便秘结，加大黄二钱。
清热化痰汤 治上焦有热，痰盛作渴，口舌肿痛。
贝母 天花 枳实 桔梗（各一钱） 黄芩 黄连（各钱二分） 玄参 升麻（各七分） 甘草（五分）
水煎服。
甘露饮 方在寒阵。治口舌生疮，咽喉肿痛，牙龈溃烂。
龙胆泻肝汤 方在寒阵。治肝火内炎，上为喉口热疮，下为小便涩痛等症。
五福化毒丹 方在外科。治咽喉牙口疮毒痈肿。
《良方》冰柏丸 治舌疮口疮。
薄荷叶（苏州者） 黄柏（等分） 硼砂（半之） 冰片（一分）
上为末，生蜜丸，弹子大。每服一丸，噙化。
上清丸 治口舌生疮，咽喉肿痛，止嗽清音，宽膈化痰，极效。
砂仁 桔梗（各一钱） 月石（二钱） 冰片（一分） 甘草 玄明粉 诃子（各一钱） 百药煎（八钱）
苏州薄荷叶（一两六钱）
为极细末，炼蜜丸，芡实大。临睡含化一丸。或为小丸，茶清送下。
硼砂丸 治口疮舌疮。
寒水石（一两） 牙硝（四钱） 硼砂（二钱） 冰片 麝香（各一分）
甘草膏和丸，麻子大。不时含化一丸，津咽。
《良方》圣金散 治舌上出血不止。
黄药子（一两） 青黛（一钱）
上为细末。每服一钱，食后新汲水调下，日二服。
金花煎 治舌上出血如簪孔。
黄柏（三两） 黄连（五钱） 栀子（二十枚）
上咀。以水二升，浸一宿，煮三沸，去滓。顿服。一方用酒浸煮。
飞矾散 治木舌渐肿大满口，若不急治即杀人。
白矾（飞） 百草霜（等分）
上为细末。捻糟茄自然汁调服，若口噤，灌之妙。
寸金散 治心经烦热，动血妄行，舌上出血不止。
新蒲黄（三钱） 新白面（三钱） 牛黄（五分，研） 脑荷（五分，研）
上研匀。每服一钱，生藕汁调服，食后。亦可掺舌上。
黄柏散 治舌出血不止，名曰舌衄。
黄柏（不拘多少，涂蜜慢火炙焦为末）
上每服二钱，温米饮调下。
舌上出血重出。
升麻黄连丸 治多食肥甘，口臭秽恶。
升麻（半两） 黄连 黄芩（酒炒） 生姜 檀香 甘草（各二钱） 青皮（半两）
上为细末，汤泡蒸饼丸，弹子大。每服一丸，不拘时，细嚼，白汤下。
丁香丸 治口臭秽。
丁香（二钱） 川芎（二钱） 白芷（五分） 炙甘草（一钱）
上为末，炼蜜丸，弹子大。绵裹一丸噙化。
应手散 治伤寒舌出寸余，连日不收。
梅花冰片。
为末。搽舌上，应手而收，重者须用一钱方收。
阴阳散 亦名赴筵散。治口疮效。
黄连（一两） 干姜（炒黑，三钱）
为细末。干掺口疮上，涎出即愈。
《外科》阴阳散 方在外科。治疮属半阴半阳者。
绿云散 治口疮烂臭久不愈。
黄柏（蜜炙） 青黛（等分）
上为细末。临卧用少许掺舌咽津妙。
细辛黄柏散 治口舌疮。
黄柏 细辛（等分）
上为末敷之，或掺舌上，吐涎水，再敷，须旋合之。
白蚕黄柏散 治口糜。
黄柏（蜜炙） 白僵蚕（直者，新瓦上烙干断丝）
上为细末。用少许敷疮上，吐涎。
硼砂散 治口疮。
硼砂 青黛 龙脑薄荷 石膏（ ，各等分）
上为极细末。每用少许，临卧敷口中。
黄莲朴硝散 治口疮绝妙。
黄连 朴硝 白矾（各五钱） 薄荷叶（一两）
上为粗末，用腊月黄牛胆将药入胆内，风前挂两月取下。如遇口疮，旋将药研细敷之，
去其热涎即愈。
柳华散 治热毒口疮。
黄柏（炒） 蒲黄 青黛（真者） 人中白（ ）
上等分，为末敷之。
掺口疮
天竺黄 月石（等分） 冰片（少许）
为末掺之。
碧雪 治一切热壅，口舌生疮，舌强腮肿，咽喉肿痛等症。
蒲黄 青黛 硼砂 焰硝 甘草（等分）
上为细末。每用少许掺舌上，细细咽下，或饮凉水送下，频用之效。或用砂糖丸，芡实
大，每服一丸，噙化下咽妙。
绛雪 治口疮舌疮，咽喉肿痛。
硼砂（一钱） 朱砂（三钱） 马牙硝 寒水石（飞，各二钱） 冰片（半字）
上为细末。每用一字，掺舌上，咽亦不妨。喉痛者吹入咽中。
孙真人口疮方
单用朴硝含之，甚良。
皂角散 治重舌喉痹。
皂角（不蛀者四、五挺，去皮核，炙焦） 荆芥穗（二钱）
上为细末，以米醋调涂肿处。
千金口臭方 亦治舌上出血如簪孔。
用香薷一把，以水一斗，煮取三升，稍稍含漱咽之。
《圣惠》口齿方 治口臭秽及齿慝肿痛。
用北细辛一两，煮取浓汁热漱，冷即吐之，立效。
Xuan Shen San (Scrophulariae Radix Powder) from *Liang Fang*: Treats sores in the entire mouth and on the tongue, accompanied by ulceration and pain of the gums.
Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), Gardeniae Semen (Zhiziren), Rheum Palmatum Rhizoma et Radix (Dahuang), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Duohuo), Rhinocerotis Cornu (Xijiao), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Prepared Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao) (all in equal parts).
The above herbs are coarsely crushed. Take 5 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhong of water, decoct until 0.7 zhong remains, and take warm at any time.
Xuan Shen Sheng Ma Tang (Scrophulariae and Cimicifuge Decoction): This formula is cited in surgical texts. Treats sores in the mouth and tongue, pseudoglossus (swelling of the sublingual tissue resembling a second tongue), wooden tongue (stiff and swollen tongue), swelling and pain of the cheeks and throat, and eruptions such as macules, papules, and ulcers.
Qing Liang Yin Zi (Cooling Drink): Treats accumulated heat in the Upper Jiao, causing dryness of the mouth, tongue, pharynx, and nose.
Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (each 2 qian), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao) (each 1.5 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (1 qian).
Add 2 zhong of water, decoct until 0.8 zhong remains, and take at any time. If constipation is present, add 2 qian of Rheum Palmatum Rhizoma et Radix (Dahuang).
Qing Re Hua Tan Tang (Heat-Clearing and Phlegm-Resolving Decoction): Treats heat in the Upper Jiao, excessive phlegm with thirst, and swelling and pain of the mouth and tongue.
Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu), Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhua), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) (each 1 qian), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (each 1.2 qian), Scrophulariae Radix (Xuanshen), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) (each 0.7 qian), Licorice Root (Gancao) (0.5 qian).
Decoct in water and take.
Gan Lu Yin (Sweet Dew Drink): This formula is cited in the "Cold Chamber" section. Treats sores in the mouth and tongue, swelling and pain of the throat, and gum ulceration.
Long Dan Xie Gan Tang (Gentian Liver-Draining Decoction): This formula is cited in the "Cold Chamber" section. Treats internal flaming of Liver Fire, manifesting as hot sores in the throat and mouth upwards, and painful, difficult urination downwards.
Wu Fu Hua Du Dan (Five Blessings Detoxifying Pill): This formula is cited in surgical texts. Treats toxic sores and abscesses in the throat and teeth/mouth.
Bing Bo Wan (Ice and Phellodendron Pill) from *Liang Fang*: Treats tongue sores and mouth ulcers.
Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Boheye, sourced from Suzhou), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) (equal parts), Borax (Pengsha, half the amount), Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian) (one part).
Grind into fine powder, mix with raw honey to form pills the size of a quail egg. Take one pill per dose, holding it in the mouth to dissolve slowly.
Shang Qing Wan (Upper Clearing Pill): Treats sores in the mouth and tongue, swelling and pain of the throat, stops coughing and clears the voice, opens the chest and resolves phlegm; highly effective.
Amomi Fructus (Sharen), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng) (each 1 qian), Natrii Sulfas Exsiccatus (Yueshi) (2 qian), Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian) (one part), Licorice Root (Gancao), Mirabilite (Xuanmingfen), Terminalia Chebula Retzii Fructus (Hezi) (each 1 qian), Myrobalan Ferment (Baiyaojian) (8 qian), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Suzhou Boheye) (1 liang 6 qian).
Grind into an extremely fine powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of an Indian corn seed. Hold one pill in the mouth before sleep to dissolve. Alternatively, make small pills and swallow with tea infusion.
Peng Sha Wan (Borax Pill): Treats mouth ulcers and tongue sores.
Aqua Calcitae (Hanshui Shi) (1 liang), Natrii Sulfas (Yaxiao), Borax (Pengsha) (2 qian), Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian), Moschus (Shexiang) (each one part).
Mix with Licorice Paste to form pills the size of a hemp seed. Hold one pill in the mouth occasionally to dissolve, swallowing with saliva.
Sheng Jin San (Holy Gold Powder) from *Liang Fang*: Treats continuous bleeding from the tongue.
Dioscorea bulbifera (Huangyaozi) (1 liang), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai) (1 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with fresh well-water after meals, twice daily.
Jin Hua Jian (Golden Flower Decoction): Treats bleeding from the tongue resembling pinpricks.
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) (3 liang), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (5 qian), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi) (20 fruits).
Coarsely crush. Soak in 2 sheng of water overnight, boil for three boils, strain, and take all at once. Another method uses wine for soaking and boiling.
Fei Fan San (Flying Alum Powder): Treats wooden tongue gradually swelling to fill the mouth; if not treated urgently, it can be fatal.
Alumen (Baifan, calcined), Carbonis herbarum (Baicaoshuang) (equal parts).
Grind into fine powder. Mix with natural juice of rotten eggplant and take orally; if the jaw is locked, force-feed it for good effect.
Cun Jin San (Inch Gold Powder): Treats irritability due to Heart Heat, reckless blood movement, and continuous bleeding from the tongue.
Polygoni Citrinii Pollen (Xin Puhuang) (3 qian), New White Flour (Xin Baifan) (3 qian), Calculus Bovis (Niuhuang) (5 fen, ground), Borneolum Syntheticum (Naohé, likely referring to Borneol or similar aromatic) (5 fen, ground).
Grind uniformly. Take 1 qian per dose, mixed with fresh lotus root juice after meals. Can also be applied directly onto the tongue.
Huang Bai San (Phellodendron Powder): Treats continuous bleeding from the tongue, known as She Nu (tongue epistaxis).
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai) (any amount, coated with honey, roasted slowly over low fire until charred, then powdered).
Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with warm rice drink.
Recurrent bleeding from the tongue.
Sheng Ma Huang Lian Wan (Cimicifuge and Coptis Pill): Treats foul breath caused by excessive consumption of rich and sweet foods.
Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) (0.5 liang), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, wine-fried), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), Santali Albi Lignum (Tanxiang), Licorice Root (Gancao) (each 2 qian), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (Qingpi) (0.5 liang).
Grind into fine powder, mix with steamed bread dough soaked in soup to form pills the size of a quail egg. Take one pill per dose at any time, chew thoroughly, and swallow with plain boiled water.
Ding Xiang Wan (Clove Pill): Treats foul breath.
Caryophylli Flos (Dingxiang) (2 qian), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) (2 qian), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi) (5 fen), Prepared Licorice Root (Zhi Gancao) (1 qian).
Grind into powder, mix with refined honey to form pills the size of a quail egg. Wrap one pill in cotton and hold in the mouth to dissolve.
Ying Shou San (Responsive Powder): Treats protrusion of the tongue beyond one cun due to Cold Damage (Shanghan), which fails to retract for several days.
Plum Blossom Borneol (Meihua Bingpian).
Grind into powder. Apply to the tongue; it retracts immediately upon application. Severe cases require 1 qian to achieve retraction.
Yin Yang San (Yin-Yang Powder): Also known as Fu Yan San. Effective for mouth ulcers.
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (1 liang), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, stir-fried until black) (3 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Dryly sprinkle onto the mouth ulcer; healing occurs when saliva flows out.
Yin Yang San from *Waike* (Surgery): This formula is cited in surgical texts. Treats ulcers belonging to the category of semi-Yin and semi-Yang.
Lv Yun San (Green Cloud Powder): Treats chronic, foul-smelling mouth ulcers that fail to heal.
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, honey-roasted), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai) (equal parts).
Grind into fine powder. Before bedtime, sprinkle a small amount on the tongue and swallow with saliva for excellent effect.
Xi Xin Huang Bai San (Asarum and Phellodendron Powder): Treats mouth and tongue sores.
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin) (equal parts).
Grind into powder and apply, or sprinkle on the tongue to induce salivation. Reapply as needed; must be freshly prepared.
Bai Can Huang Bai San (Silkworm and Phellodendron Powder): Treats oral candidiasis (Kou Mi).
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, honey-roasted), Bombyx Batryticatus (Bai Jiangcan, straight ones, roasted on new tile until dry and broken).
Grind into fine powder. Apply a small amount to the sore to induce salivation.
Peng Sha San (Borax Powder): Treats mouth ulcers.
Borax (Pengsha), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Longnao Bohe), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) (all equal parts).
Grind into an extremely fine powder. Apply a small amount to the mouth before bedtime.
Huang Lian Pu Xiao San (Coptis and Mirabilite Powder): Extremely effective for mouth ulcers.
Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Mirabilite (Puxiao), Alumen (Baifan) (each 5 qian), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Boheye) (1 liang).
Grind into coarse powder. Place the medicine inside a yellow ox gallbladder in the twelfth lunar month, hang it in a breezy place for two months, then retrieve it. When mouth ulcers occur, grind the medicine finely and apply; healing occurs once hot saliva is removed.
Liu Hua San (Willow Flower Powder): Treats heat-toxin mouth ulcers.
Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbai, stir-fried), Polygoni Citrinii Pollen (Puhuang), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai, authentic), Humanis Alvi Terra (Renzhongbai) (all equal parts).
Grind into powder and apply.
Sprinkle for Mouth Ulcers:
Tianszhu Huang (Tianzhuhuang), Natrii Sulfas Exsiccatus (Yueshi) (equal parts), Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian, a little).
Grind into powder and sprinkle.
Bi Xue (Green Snow): Treats all types of heat stagnation, sores in the mouth and tongue, stiff tongue, swollen cheeks, and swelling and pain of the throat.
Polygoni Citrinii Pollen (Puhuang), Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai), Borax (Pengsha), Saltpeter (Yanxiao), Licorice Root (Gancao) (all equal parts).
Grind into fine powder. Sprinkle a small amount on the tongue and swallow slowly, or take with cold water; frequent use is effective. Alternatively, mix with sugar to form pills the size of an Indian corn seed; take one pill per dose, holding it in the mouth to dissolve and swallow for best results.
Jiang Xue (Crimson Snow): Treats mouth ulcers, tongue sores, and swelling and pain of the throat.
Borax (Pengsha) (1 qian), Cinnabaris (Zhusha) (3 qian), Natrii Sulfas (Mayaxiao), Aqua Calcitae (Hanshui Shi, calcined) (each 2 qian), Borneolum Syntheticum (Bingpian, half zi).
Grind into fine powder. Use half a zi per dose, sprinkle on the tongue; swallowing is harmless. For throat pain, insufflate into the throat.
Sun Simiao's Mouth Ulcer Formula:
Simply hold Mirabilite (Puxiao) in the mouth; it is very effective.
Zao Jiao San (Soap Pod Powder): Treats pseudoglossus and throat obstruction (Hou Bi).
Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus (Zaojiao, non-borer, 4-5 pods, peel and remove seeds, roast until charred), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie Sui) (2 qian).
Grind into fine powder, mix with rice vinegar, and apply to the swollen area.
Qian Jin Kou Chou Fang (Thousand Gold Bad Breath Formula): Also treats tongue bleeding resembling pinpricks.
Use 1 bundle of Elsholtziae Herba (Xiangru), boil in 1 dou of water until reduced to 3 sheng, gargle slightly and swallow.
Kou Chi Fang (Mouth and Teeth Formula) from *Sheng Hui*: Treats foul breath and tooth swelling/pain.
Use 1 liang of Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Bei Xixin), decoct to obtain a concentrated liquid, gargle while hot, and spit out when cool; immediate effect.