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There are two types of headache sweating (Tou Han): one is caused by the accumulation of pathogenic heat upward, and the other is due to the internal collapse of Yang Qi. The head is the meeting point of all Yang meridians. In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage), if sweat covers the whole body, it is called "Re Yue" (Heat Dispersal), meaning the heat is venting outward. If there is no sweat on the body, the heat cannot disperse outward but steams upward into the Yang regions, resulting in sweat only on the head. For treatment of head sweating caused by heat steaming, methods such as clearing heat or dispersing exterior pathogens can be used; for severe cases, purgation may be applied. Once the heat is eliminated, the disease will resolve spontaneously. Regarding the syndrome of Qi collapse, it is often caused by improper use of purgatives damaging Yin, excessive use of harsh draining herbs, or persistent diarrhea, leading to exhaustion of Yin below and collapse of Yang above. With obstruction of urination accompanied by head sweating, the condition is extremely critical.

The *Lun* (Shanghan Lun) states: "In Shanghan after five or six days, with head sweating, slight aversion to cold, cold hands and feet, fullness in the epigastrium, unwillingness to eat, difficulty in defecation, and a fine pulse, this is termed 'Yang Wei Jie' (Slight Yang Binding), where the pathogen is half in the interior and half in the exterior. Although the pulse is deep and tight, it should not be diagnosed as Shaoyin disease. The reason is that Shaoyin disease typically does not present with sweating; since there is head sweating here, we know it is not Shaoyin. Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) may be given, and the patient will recover upon passing stool." It also states: "In Shanghan after five or six days, after having been treated with diaphoresis and then purgation, with slight binding/fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, obstructed urination, thirst without vomiting, head sweating only, alternating chills and fever, and irritability, this indicates the pathogen has not yet resolved. Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang (Bupleurum, Cinnamon Twig, and Dried Ginger Decoction) is the primary formula."

The *Lun* states: "In Shanghan after ten-plus days, presenting only with Jie Xiong (Chest Binding) without significant heat, this is water binding in the chest and hypochondrium. With head sweating only, Da Xianxiong Tang (Major Draining the Chest Decoction) is the primary formula."

It further states: "In Yangming disease, with bleeding from the rectum and delirium, this is Re Ru Xue Shi (Heat Entering the Blood Chamber). With head sweating only, puncture Qimen (LR14); according to the excess pattern, apply draining techniques. When general sweating occurs, the patient will recover."

The *Lun* states: "In Taiyang disease, if the physician incorrectly uses purgation, and if Jie Xiong does not form, but there is only head sweating with no sweat elsewhere, stopping at the neck, along with obstructed urination, jaundice will inevitably develop." It also states: "In Yangming disease, with head sweating only and obstructed urination, jaundice will inevitably develop."

The *Lun* states: "If a patient suffering from dampness is incorrectly treated with purgation, and presents with sweating on the forehead, slight asthma/dyspnea, and obstructed urination, death ensues. Similarly, if dysentery persists without cessation, death ensues."

The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) states: "When Yang Qi emerges upward, and sweat appears on the head, this indicates Yang collapse."

1. For head sweating with a tight and rapid pulse, indicating exterior pathogens requiring dispersion, Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), or Chaihu Guizhi Ganjiang Tang (Bupleurum, Cinnamon Twig, and Dried Ginger Decoction), as well as various Chaihu Yin formulas from new prescriptions, may be酌情 (discretionarily) used. If there is Fire Evil, with a surging and slippery pulse, internal irritability and heat, and head sweating requiring clearing, Ren Shen Bai Hu Tang (Ginseng White Tiger Decoction) or Yi Yuan San (Benefit Origin Powder) are appropriate. If water binds in the chest with epigastric fullness and head sweating, Da Xianxiong Tang (Major Draining the Chest Decoction) or Xiao Banxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction) may be used. If there is constipation, abdominal distension and pain, and head sweating, Chengqi Tang (Chengqi Decoction) is indicated. For various deficiency patterns with diarrhea and head sweating due to Yang collapse, Du Shen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction), Da Bu Yuan Jian (Great Tonification of the Source Decoction), or Liu Wei Hui Yang Yin (Six-Ingredient Returning Yang Drink) should be administered urgently as emergency rescue measures to preserve life.