既察明堂之部位。当观面貌之部位。盖内经望法。有因明堂而分者。有因面貌而分者。何则。脏腑经络相
通。表里上下相贯。血气周流。无有间断。以故气色见于明堂。即以明堂分脏腑。气色见于面貌。即以面貌
分脏腑。刺热篇曰。肝热病者。左颊先赤。肺热病者。右颊先赤。心热病者。颜先赤。肾热病者。颐先赤。脾热病
者。鼻先赤。此热病之脏部也。热病从所部而起者。至期而已。言至其气正之时日而愈也。推而论之。则热
病之死生间甚。时日之王相休囚。皆可按法而究焉。然又言少阳之脉色荣颊前。太阳之脉色荣颧骨。则
是以颊前为少阳之部。以颧骨为太阳之部矣。其曰。荣未交者。是病未传也。则荣已交者。是病已传也。视
其交于何部。而断其传于何经也。设或色见少阳之部。诊得少阴之脉。或色见太阳之部。诊得厥阴之脉。
此为阴阳争见。表里皆病。所谓两感者是已。不言阳明者。缺文也。夫阳明之脉起于鼻。络于目。交 中。挟
口环唇。下交承浆。却循颐后下廉。出大迎。循颊车。故其为病也。身热目痛。而鼻干不得卧。如经云。面热者。
足阳明病。仲景云。阳明病。面合赤色。是皆可为阳明之诊也。更有腹胁膈之分焉。所谓颊下逆颧为大瘕。
下牙车为腹满。颧后为胁痛。颊上者。膈上也。此皆部位之分。病色之辨也。皮肉血气筋骨。亦各有分部焉。
灵枢曰。色起两眉薄泽者。病在皮。唇色青黄赤白黑者。病在肉。营气濡然者。病在血气。目色青黄赤白黑
者。病在筋。耳焦枯受尘垢者。病在骨。盖以五脏之属。分五形之部也。若夫风病之诊又不同。心风诊在口。
其色赤。肝风诊在目下。其色青。肺风诊在眉上。其色白。脾风诊在鼻上。其色黄。肾风诊在肌上。其色黑。凡
若此者。务须沉潜反复。融会贯通。病虽变出多端。医者常若可见。庶乎其不瘥矣。至于幼科五脏之部。痘科八卦之位。
盖因内经诸法。隐其文。彰其义耳。能精乎此。亦可触类旁通矣。（肌上之肌。高士宗作HT 。HT 、颊
肉也。宜从之。）
Having clearly ascertained the location of the Mingtang (nose), one should observe the corresponding locations on the face. The diagnostic methods in the *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine) include those that divide the Zang-Fu organs based on the Mingtang, and those that divide them based on the overall facial features. Why is this? Because the Zang-Fu organs and meridians are interconnected, the interior and exterior, upper and lower parts are linked, and Qi and Blood circulate throughout the body without interruption. Therefore, when complexion changes appear on the Mingtang, the Zang-Fu organs are distinguished by the specific areas of the nose; when they appear on other parts of the face, the Zang-Fu organs are distinguished by the specific areas of the facial features.
The *Suwen: Cila Re Pian* (Chapter on Acupuncture for Heat Diseases) states: "In liver heat disease, the left cheek reddens first; in lung heat disease, the right cheek reddens first; in heart heat disease, the forehead (Yan) reddens first; in kidney heat disease, the chin (Yi) reddens first; in spleen heat disease, the nose reddens first." These represent the facial regions corresponding to the Zang-Fu organs in heat diseases. For heat diseases originating from their corresponding regions, recovery occurs at the appointed time, meaning improvement happens when the relevant Qi reaches its peak or restorative phase. By extension, the severity, prognosis, and timing related to the Wang, Xiang, Xiu, Qiu states of the Five Elements can be investigated according to established principles.
However, the text also mentions: "The complexion of the Shaoyang meridian manifests on the front of the cheeks, and the complexion of the Taiyang meridian manifests on the zygomatic bone." This designates the front of the cheeks as the region governed by the Shaoyang meridian and the zygomatic bone as the region governed by the Taiyang meridian. The text states that "Rong has not yet crossed" indicates the pathogen has not transmitted; thus, "Rong has already crossed" indicates transmission has occurred. By observing which region shows the crossing of color, one can determine which meridian the disease has transmitted into. If the complexion appears in the Shaoyang region but the pulse corresponds to the Shaoyin meridian, or if the complexion appears in the Taiyang region but the pulse corresponds to the Jueyin meridian, this is called "Yang-Yin conflict," indicating disease in both the exterior and interior, known as "Lianggan" (Double Exposure). The absence of mention regarding the Yangming meridian is due to missing text in the original source. The Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian originates beside the nose, connects with the eye system, circles the lips, descends to intersect at Chengjiang (CV24), then runs down behind the jaw, emerges at Daying (ST5), and follows along Jiache (ST6). Therefore, its pathology includes fever, eye pain, dry nose, and inability to lie down comfortably. As the classic states: "Facial heat indicates Foot-Yangming disease." Zhang Zhongjing also stated: "In Yangming disease, the face is entirely red." These serve as diagnostic indicators for Yangming meridian disorders.
Furthermore, there are correspondences for the abdomen, hypochondrium, and diaphragm. "Cheek extending upwards against the zygoma" indicates large masses (Jia); "below the jaw angle" corresponds to abdominal fullness; "behind the zygoma" corresponds to hypochondriac pain; "above the cheek" corresponds to the upper diaphragm. These are distinctions based on location and pathological coloration. The skin, flesh, blood, Qi, sinews, and bones each have their own corresponding regions. The *Ling Shu* states: "Complexion appearing between the eyebrows with a thin luster indicates disease in the skin; lip colors showing green, yellow, red, white, or black indicate disease in the flesh; abnormal moistness of Ying Qi indicates disease in blood and Qi; eye colors showing green, yellow, red, white, or black indicate disease in the sinews; ears that are dry, withered, and covered in dust indicate disease in the bones." This maps the tissues associated with the Five Zang organs onto the five morphological regions.
The diagnosis of wind diseases differs further. Heart wind is diagnosed at the mouth, with red coloration; Liver wind is diagnosed below the eyes, with green coloration; Lung wind is diagnosed above the eyebrows, with white coloration; Spleen wind is diagnosed on the nose, with yellow coloration; Kidney wind is diagnosed on the muscle surface, with black coloration. In such cases, one must study deeply, reflect repeatedly, and achieve comprehensive understanding. Although clinical manifestations may vary widely, the physician maintains clear insight, thereby avoiding misdiagnosis. Regarding pediatric diagnostics, the facial divisions of the Five Zang organs, and the Bagua positions in smallpox diagnostics, are derived from the methods in the *Neijing*, concealing the textual details while revealing the underlying principles. Mastery of these concepts allows for analogical reasoning and broader application. (Note: Gao Shizong interprets "on the muscle" as referring to the cheek flesh, which should be adopted.)