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Non-toxic.

The stem of Setaria viridis (Dogtail Grass) treats verrucae vulgaris (common warts). By piercing it with hair, it will dry up and fall off. For those suffering from red eye (conjunctivitis) or trichiasis (inverted eyelashes), turn over the eyelid, dip one or two stems in water, and wipe away the pathogenic blood; this is very effective. (From *Bencao Gangmu*) [Names]: You (Weed), Guangming Cao (Bright Light Herb), A Luohan Cao (Arhat Herb). [Seedling]: The seedlings and leaves resemble millet but are smaller, and its panicle also resembles millet. [Habitat]: (Li Shizhen says) It grows abundantly in fields, plains, and along walls. [Usage]: (Li Shizhen says) The weed produces panicles but does not bear fruit, hence the character derives from "Xiu" (showy); the panicle resembles a dog's tail, hence the common name Dogtail Grass. [Indications]: Its stem treats eye diseases. [Harvest]: Harvest the stems, store them in tubes to treat eye diseases. [Characteristics]: Yellowish-white and does not bear fruit. The weed that confuses crops refers to this plant.

Non-toxic.

Adenophora stricta (Water Yangmei) treats ding sores and carbuncles (acute suppurative infections). (From *Bencao Gangmu*) [Name]: Di Jiao (Earth Pepper). [Habitat]: (Li Shizhen says) Grows near water. (*Geng Xin Yu Ce* states) Di Jiao is also known as Water Yangmei, growing mostly in damp, shady places near roads, and also in barren fields. [Seedling]: Clump-forming; leaves resemble chrysanthemum, yellow flowers bloom at the stem tips, fruits resemble peppercorns but are not red. [Usage]: Fruits.

Non-toxic.

Lobelia chinensis (Half-Leaf Lotus) treats snake and insect bites; crush and drink the juice, and apply the dregs around the wound. It also treats cold asthma with急促 breathing and malaria with alternating chills and fever. Mix equal parts of Lobelia chinensis and Realgar (each 2 qian), crush into a paste, place in a bowl, cover until the color turns green, then make pills the size of wutong seeds using rice flour. Take 9 pills per dose on an empty stomach with salted water. (From Li Shizhen's *Shou Yu Fang*) [Habitat]: (Li Shizhen says) Lobelia chinensis is a small herb growing in damp ditches and field ridges, with thin stems close to the ground. [Texture]: Climbing vines grow node by node with fine leaves; small flowers resembling lotus blooms in autumn. [Color]: Flowers are pale reddish-purple, blooming only on one side, also called Ji Jie Suo (Urgent Rope Unbinding). [Nature]: Neutral. [Flavor]: Pungent.

Non-toxic.

Viola yedoensis (Purple Flower Violet) treats all types of carbuncles and back abscesses, ding sores, scrofula (cervical lymphadenitis), unknown swellings, and malignant ulcers. (From *Bencao Gangmu*) [Names]: Jian Tou Cao (Arrowhead Grass), Du Xing Hu (Lone Walking Tiger), Yang Jiao Zi (Sheep Horn Seed), Mi Bu Dai (Rice Cloth Bag). [Habitat]: (Li Shizhen says) Found everywhere; those growing on flat ground have erect stems, while those by gullies have climbing vines. [Season]: Blooms purple flowers and bears pods in summer. [Texture]: Leaves resemble willow leaves but are finer. (*Pu Ji Fang* states) Those growing by village fences bloom small white bell-shaped flowers hanging downwards in summer and autumn, with leaves slightly resembling those of Costus root; this differs from the purple-flowered variety, suggesting it may be a different species. [Flavor]: Bitter, Pungent. [Property]: Cold. [Treatments]: Jaundice with internal heat: Take 3 qian of Viola yedoensis powder with wine. ○ Rice awn stuck in throat: Chew Arrowhead Grass and swallow. ○ Carbuncles, back abscesses, and unknown swellings: Apply externally with miraculous effect. Harvest Purple Flower Violet grass during the Sanfu period, mix with white flour, soak in salt and vinegar for two nights, then apply. Once, a nun with a back abscess received this prescription in a dream and recovered in a few days. ○ All malignant ulcers: Dry the roots of Purple Violet, burn them in a jar, and fumigate the ulcer until yellow fluid drains completely; then it heals. ○ Ding sores and carbuncles (*Bei Ji Fang*): Crush Purple Flower Violet grass and drink the juice; effective even in severe cases. [Combined Treatments]: Carbuncles and malignant ulcers (*Yang Cheng Jing Yan Fang*): Use equal parts of Purple Flower Violet (with roots) and Xanthium folium, crush together, add one cup of wine, stir to extract juice, and drink. ○ Scrofula, ding sores, back abscesses, and various swellings (*Qian Kun Mi Yun*): Remove the coarse skin from Purple Flower Violet roots, mix with Tribulus terrestris powder, blend with oil, and apply externally for miraculous effect. ○ Sore throat with swelling and pain (*Pu Ji Fang*): Use Arrowhead Grass leaves with a little soybean paste, grind into a paste, apply internally to induce vomiting.