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The *Ling Shu: Lun Ji Zhen Chi* chapter states: Redness of the eyes indicates disease in the Heart; yellowing of the sclera (white part of the eye) indicates disease in the Lung; blueness around the eyes indicates disease in the Liver; yellow complexion indicates disease in the Spleen; black complexion indicates disease in the Kidney. If the yellow color cannot be clearly categorized, the disease is located in the chest.

Pale yellow sclera indicates spleen injury leading to diarrhea or dysentery; turbid yellow with a complexion resembling smoke indicates severe dampness leading to Huang Dan (Jaundice); bright yellow like an orange indicates excess heat; yellow mixed with blue and purple, with a Kou pulse (floating, large, and empty, felt like pressing on a scallion stem), indicates blood stasis in the chest.

Blackening of both eyes with red cheeks indicates hot phlegm; soot-like darkening of the upper and lower eyelids indicates phlegm; blackening of the eyes accompanied by difficulty walking and groaning indicates bone-deep phlegm, presenting with generalized joint soreness and pain; blackening of the eyes, earthen-colored complexion, flaccid paralysis of the four limbs, and difficulty bending and extending them indicate wind-phlegm.

Yellow eyes with extreme irritability and a large pulse indicate disease progression; yellow eyes with mild heart vexation and a harmonious pulse indicate the disease is about to resolve. Blurred vision with epistaxis indicates bleeding has not stopped. In a healthy person, the appearance of black qi around the mouth, nose, ears, and eyes is ominous.

Yellow eyes indicate Jiu Dan (Alcoholic Jaundice); yellow eyes, white sclera, and swelling of the face and eyelids indicate Gu Dan (Grain Jaundice); such patients must have epigastric stuffiness and distension.

Cyanosis under the eyes in the Ming Tang (face diagnosis area) indicates excessive sexual desire leading to mental exhaustion; otherwise, it indicates sleeplessness.

Yellow complexion with blue eyes indicates alcohol injury.

Lack of luster in the face and black teeth are ominous signs.

In Luo Li (Scrofula), if red vessels penetrate the pupil, it is ominous: one vessel indicates death in one year, half a vessel in half a year, two vessels in two years, and three vessels in three years.

Blue vessels rising at the corners of the eyes with pulling pain indicate stagnation of the Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian. High and fixed pupils indicate insufficiency of the Taiyang meridian.

If the patient's face and eyes show coordinated colors, the prognosis is auspicious.

Yellow complexion with blue eyes, yellow complexion with red eyes, yellow complexion with white eyes, and yellow complexion with black eyes are all non-fatal.

Red face with white eyes, green face with black eyes, black face with white eyes, and red face with green eyes are all fatal.

The presence of yellow in the face and eyes indicates the presence of Stomach Qi, which is auspicious. The previous two sections discuss "having Stomach Qi" and "lacking Stomach Qi."

In Shang Han (Cold Damage) patients, cyanosis under the eyes belongs to Xie Yin (concomitant Yin-cold or internal injury from sexual activity); Xie Yin is the common term for diseases caused by excessive sexual intercourse.

The *Jin Gui Yao Lue* states: Eyes that are straight open and unable to move are incurable. Straight fixation belongs to the extinction of the Taiyang meridian, as the Taiyang governs the sinews, hence some versions write "death." Furthermore, green complexion indicates pain, black indicates labor/exhaustion, red indicates wind, yellow indicates difficulty in urination, and bright/lustrous complexion indicates retained fluid. "Bright" refers to the colloquial description of watery eyes, all referring to the observation of the sclera.

Blurred vision with inability to inhale or exhale through the nose, shortness of breath, and coldness indicate Yin disease; clear vision with smooth inhalation and exhalation through the nose, long breaths, and warmth indicate Yang disease.