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Non-toxic. Appendix: Wuxin Cai (Five-Heart Vegetable). Grows in clusters.
Qindili Li (Qin Di Pear): Mainly treats cold distension in the heart and abdomen, directs Qi downward, and promotes digestion. (Recorded by Famous Physicians) [Seedling] (Meng Shen said) Qindili Li is the most fragrant among raw vegetables and is a delicacy consumed by people.
It is also a substance that severely depletes Qi. A type of Five-Acrid Vegetable has an acrid and warm nature; consuming it on the morning of the New Year helps to stimulate the Qi of the five Zang organs. Regular consumption warms the middle, eliminates malignancy, promotes digestion, and directs Qi downward. *Jingchu Suishiji* also mentions this. Do not consume after febrile diseases, as it damages the eyes. [Habitat] (*Tujing* states) It grows in wetlands and is found everywhere. [Flavor] Acrid. [Nature] Warm. [Qi] Those with strong aroma and flavor.

Grows by trailing vines.
Tihu Cai (Butter Vegetable): Mainly treats injury to the middle Jiao, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, and irregular menstruation. Crush and extract juice, mix with wine, and take on an empty stomach. (Recorded by Famous Physicians) [Seedling] (Lei Gong said) Its shape resembles cowhide; when its vines are broken, milky juice flows out. The one that is sweet and fragrant upon swallowing is this species. [Odor] Fragrant. [Preparation] (Lei Gong said) After harvesting, remove roots, finely slice with a bitter bamboo knife, grind in a mortar until paste-like, wrap in fine raw silk to extract juice, and drink warm. [Combined Treatment] Pound Tihu Cai into juice, boil with wine, and take one cup on an empty stomach to treat injury to the middle Jiao and metrorrhagia/metrostaxis. ○ Crush leaves to extract juice, boil with wine, and take one cup to treat irregular menstruation.

Qiaoyao (Sweet Clover): Flavor is acrid and neutral, non-toxic. Mainly treats blood stasis, stops bleeding, generates flesh, and can also be eaten as a raw vegetable. It also treats five types of jaundice; crush and extract juice for oral administration. Grows in flatlands and marshes, with purple flowers and trailing vines, resembling Vicia sativa. *Yishu* of the *Shi Jing* states: Shaorao, referred to as Qiaorao in Youzhou. *Erya* states: Zhutian Yaoche. ○ *Shiliao* (Treats five types of jaundice; crush fresh and take one sheng of juice twice daily until recovery, which is highly beneficial, benefits the five Zang organs, clarifies the eyes and ears, removes wind-heat, makes the body light and vigorous, and promotes longevity. It is best cooked; eating raw may cause vomiting of water.)

Toxic, grows by trailing vines.
Ku Hu (Bitter Bottle Gourd): Mainly treats severe edema of the face, eyes, and limbs, promotes urination, and induces vomiting. (*Shennong Benjing*) [Seedling] According to records: Ku Hu is sown in February, seedlings emerge in March, trailing over the ground. Stems and leaves resemble those of the bottle gourd, green and hairy. White flowers bloom in April, fruits form, initially finger-sized, ripening in May. Some grow over a chi long, with similar heads and tails. People harvest the bitter ones for medicine and the sweet ones for food. Examining *Tang Ben Zhu*: Hu, Donggua Hu, and this Hu have similar seedlings and leaves but different fruit shapes. All Hu varieties are sweet; the bitter ones are this variety. [Habitat] (*Tujing* states) Grows in rivers and marshes of Jin region, now found everywhere. [Season] (Growth) Seedlings sprout in spring. (Harvest) Fruits collected in summer. [Processing] Sun-dried. [Usage] Flesh and pith. [Color] White. [Flavor] Bitter. [Nature] Cold and draining. [Qi] Flavor is stronger than Qi and Yin. [Odor] Fishy. [Main Action] Reduces edema. [Treatment] (Therapy) (*Tang Ben Zhu* states) Pith of Ku Hu reduces edema, lithiasis, "Tu Ya" (opening mouth due to spasms), cough, scrotal knots, zhu-gu infections, phlegm-fluid retention. Also, boil juice to wash the genitals to treat urinary obstruction. ○
Tian Hu (Sweet Bottle Gourd): Promotes water passage, relieves thirst, and clears heat. (*Xingming Lun* states) Pith of Ku Hu reduces water retention, edema of face/eyes/limbs, diarrhea, and excessive Qi disorders. (*Rihua Zi* states) Hu relieves irritability, quenches thirst, clears heart-heat, benefits the small intestine, moistens lungs and heart, and treats vomiting of roundworms. (*Chen Cangqi* states) Boil Ku Hu, extract juice, and drip into nose to discharge yellow fluid, treating nasal congestion from cold damage and jaundice. Also, break open one gourd, boil, stir, extract juice, and drip into nose to treat acute jaundice. Also, boil an unbroken gourd while hot, unwrap, and apply to children's dislocated joints. (*Meng Shen* states) Relieves polydipsia and malignant sores. (*Benlu* states) Treats rat-hole fistula; sun-dry Hu flowers, powder, and apply. Also treats sudden swelling and fullness. Once, someone had sudden foot swelling rising to the knee, unable to walk, progressing to massive swelling of head, face, and body. Use white pith of Ku Hu, roll into soybean-sized pellets, wrap in dough, boil 1-2 times, take seven pellets on an empty stomach. By noon, should pass one dou of urine; within three days, water discharge continues, body becomes thin, then recovers. Avoid rich flavors for three years. Use Ku Hu that is clean, without blemishes or spots, otherwise toxic. For jaundice, roast white pith of Hu seeds until yellow, powder, take half qianbi daily for ten days. If using Hu causes vomiting, examine carefully. For gu-poison with hematemesis or hematochezia resembling rotten liver, take one Ku Hu, two sheng of water, boil to one sheng, take immediately induces vomiting and cures. [Combined Treatment] On the seventh day of the seventh month, extract white juice from Ku Hu pith (one he), mix with one sheng of vinegar and seven ancient coins, simmer over low fire until halved, apply foam to eyes to treat dim vision. [Antidote] If taken excessively causing persistent vomiting and diarrhea, resolve with ash juice of millet chaff. Resolves Dan-Shi toxicity. [Contraindications] Do not consume for those with gout (Hongxiangjiao) or deficiency-cold distension; consumption worsens the condition.