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Cinnamonum cassia (Jun Gui), see the entry under "Gui" (Cinnamon).

Cinnamomum obtusum (Mu Gui), see the entry under "Gui" (Cinnamon).

Cinnamomum loureiroi (Tian Zhu Gui), see the entry under "Gui" (Cinnamon).

Eucommia ulmoides (Du Zhong), grows in the valleys of Shangyu, as well as in Shangdang and Hanzhong. It is also found in the large mountains near Shangzhou, Chengzhou, and Xiazhou. The tree reaches several zhang in height; its leaves resemble those of Magnolia biondii (Xin Yi) and are similar to those of Broussonetia papyrifera (Zhe); its bark resembles that of Phellodendron amurense (Nong Po), and when broken, white fibrous strands connect the interior. The bark is harvested for use in February, May, June, and September. In Jiangnan, it is called "Si Xian". When the young leaves first sprout, they are picked and eaten; they treat Feng Du Hong Jiao (wind-toxity causing podagra/swollen feet), as well as long-standing accumulation of wind-cold, intestinal hemorrhoids, and bloody stool. They can also be dried, powdered, and decocted into a soup, known as "Ya". The flowers and fruits are bitter and astringent but are also suitable for medicinal use. The wood is used to make clogs, which also help strengthen the feet. The formula from *Qie Zhong Fang* for treating lower back pain and tonifying the kidneys: 1 jin of Eucommia ulmoides (Du Zhong) and half a large sheng of Schisandra chinensis (Wu Wei Zi). These two herbs are finely cut and divided into fourteen doses. Each night, take one dose, soak it in one sheng of water until the fifth watch (early morning), decoct until reduced by one-third, filter to obtain the juice; add three or four sheep kidneys, sliced, into the juice, boil again for three to five boils, similar to making a soup, and consume on an empty stomach in one go. It can be taken with salt and vinegar, which is also acceptable. This is also recorded in Cui Yuanliang's *Hai Shang Fang*. However, Cui's formula does not include Schisandra chinensis (Wu Wei Zi).

Resina Liquidambaris (Feng Xiang Zhi), old texts do not record the specific provinces where it originates, stating it is found in major mountains everywhere. It is now abundant in the south and Guan-Shan regions. It resembles Populus alba (Bai Yang) and is very tall and robust; the leaves are round and lobed, triangular in shape and fragrant; it flowers in February with white blossoms; the flowers persist attached to the fruit, which is as large as a duck egg. It ripens in August and September and can be sun-dried for burning. *Nanfang Caomu Zhuang* states: "Feng Shi (fruits of Liquidambar) are only found in Jiuzhen Commandery." Using it has miraculous effects and is a rare item. Its resin is called Bai Jiao Xiang (White Gum Resin); cuts are made in the bark in May, and collected in November. The bark is astringent in nature and stops watery diarrhea; it is decocted in water and drunk. *Erya* refers to Feng as "Zhi", saying it makes a sound when the heavenly wind blows. *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Feng mu (Feng tree), with dense leaves and weak branches that sway easily." Many were planted in Han dynasty palaces; after frost, the leaves turn red and are lovely, so poets often praised them. Ren Fang's *Shu You Ji* says: "In the south, there are Feng Zi Ghosts. Ancient Feng trees transform into human shapes, also called Ling Feng, likely referring to tree galls/tumors." To this day, shamans in Yue who obtain these use them to carve deities and spirits, claiming to invoke spiritual phenomena. Under the entry for Agarwood (Chen Xiang), there is mention of Feng Xiang, stated to treat wind-induced urticaria and itching/toxicity, which is similar to this and refers to the same substance.