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Guishubu (Drynariae Rhizoma), originally growing in the Jiangnan region, is now also found in Huai, Zhe, Shaanxi, and Kui circuit prefectures. The rhizome grows on large trees or rocks, mostly in shaded areas, extending into strips with yellow hairs and short leaves attached. There are also larger leafy branches; the upper surface is green with yellow spots, while the lower surface is bluish-white with reddish-purple spots. Leaves emerge in spring and turn dry yellow in winter; it does not flower or bear fruit. Only the rhizome is used for medicine. It can be harvested at any time. Before use, the hairs must be scraped off. Its original name was Husunjiang (Monkey Ginger). Emperor Minghuang of Tang renamed it Guishubu because of its remarkable efficacy in treating fractures. In Shu, people treat sprains, fractures, and bone/tendon injuries by crushing the rhizome, sifting it into powder, mixing it with millet porridge, and applying it to the injured area, which yields good results. It is also used to treat deafness: the root is cut into thin strips, roasted over fire, and inserted into the ear while hot. It is also included in prescriptions for women's blood and qi disorders. It is also known as Shimaojiang (Stone Hair Ginger).

Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus), originally growing in the Guanzhong region, is now also found in Hedong, Hebei, Jianghuai, Kui, and Zhe prefectures. It grows in spring, with vines resembling those of sweet potatoes; the leaves look like sweet potato leaves. In June, it opens yellow-purple flowers, somewhat similar to goji berry flowers. In July, it bears fruit the size of a jujube, shaped like a bell with four or five lobes. Its root is named Yunnan Gen (Yunnan Root), resembling Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), about the thickness of a little finger, reddish-yellow in color, and also called Tuqingmuxiang (Earth Green Aucklandia). The fruits are harvested in July and August and sun-dried. It primarily treats lung diseases. The roots are harvested in March to treat qi stagnation below the diaphragm and relieve stabbing pain.

Xianmao (Curculiginis Rhizoma), originally growing in the Western Regions and Dayu Ridge, is now also found in Sichuan, Jianghu, and Liuzhe prefectures. The leaves are green like miscanthus but softer and slightly wider, with longitudinal veins on the surface; they resemble palm leaves, dying completely in winter and regenerating in early spring. In March, it produces yellow flowers like gardenias but does not bear fruit. The rhizome has a single straight stem with short fine roots attached laterally; the flesh is yellowish-white, and the outer skin is slightly rough and brown. The roots are harvested in February and August and sun-dried. Those from Hengshan produce green flowers and bear black seeds in May. According to *Xu Chuanxin Fang* (Continued Records of Faith-Transmitting Prescriptions), Xianmao treats the five debilities and seven injuries, brightens the eyes, strengthens tendons and muscles, and acts by first promoting circulation and then tonifying. This medicine was originally transmitted by Daoist priests from the Western Regions. In the first year of Kaiyuan (713 AD), a Brahmin monk presented this herb to Emperor Minghuang, who found it effective; however, it remained a secret prescription. During the An Lushan Rebellion (Tianbao era), medical texts were scattered. Master Bukong Sanzang in Chang'an eventually obtained this prescription and passed it to Li Mian, Situ Lu Sigong, Minister Qi Hang, and Puye Zhang Jianfeng, all of whom benefited greatly. Lord Lu had taken mineral drugs for a long time without effect, but upon using this herb, his benefits increased a hundredfold. Official Qi, stationed in Jinyun, suffered from daily fatigue and recurring wind-rashes; after taking this herb, he recovered. When harvested in August or September, the black skin is scraped off with a bamboo knife, cut into bean-sized pieces, soaked in rice water for two nights, dried in the shade, pounded, and sifted. Mixed with cooked honey, it is formed into pills the size of wu zi (physalis seeds). Twenty pills are taken each morning on an empty stomach with wine. Consumption of cow's milk and black beef is prohibited, as it significantly reduces the drug's efficacy. *Xu Chuanxin Fang* was written by Wang Yan, Prefect of Yunzhou during the Later Jin period, compiling prescriptions from state records; it was highly popular at the time. Thus, in the Jiangnan region today, this herb is simply referred to as Boluomen Shen (Brahmin Ginseng).