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[To Tonify Deficiency and Cold]
Taste: Sour, salty. Nature: Warm. It warms the Spleen and benefits the Stomach; when the Spleen and Stomach are warm, the lower back and Kidneys receive nourishment. It tonifies deficiency-cold and assists sexual function (the effect on the two Kidneys and penis is particularly superior). Yellow-haired sheep meat primarily tonifies the Spleen, while black-haired sheep meat primarily tonifies the Kidney. It is incompatible with Apricot Kernels (Xingren). Garlic should be avoided (Daoists consider garlic a "disgusting thing of the earth"). Drinking two bowls of blood from a yellow dog mixed with wine can treat intestinal abscess (Changyong).

[To Tonify Deficiency and Exhaustion]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Hot. Element: Fire. It tonifies deficiency-exhaustion, benefits Qi and Blood, strengthens the Yang pathway, opens the appetite, enhances strength, promotes the flow of Qi, and helps to vent sores (Zhang Zhongjing used Danggui Yangxue Tang [Angelica Sinensis and Mutton Blood Decoction] to treat emaciation due to postpartum exhaustion. *Shi Ji* states: "Tonification removes weakness; substances like Ginseng and mutton belong to this category." Li Dongyuan stated: "Ginseng tonifies Qi, mutton tonifies Form." Any substance with a flavor similar to mutton can tonify Blood deficiency, as when Yang arises, Yin grows.)

Sheep Liver: Taste bitter, nature cold (Su Song said it was warm), color green. It tonifies the Liver and improves vision (The Liver is benefited by purging/dredging. Yanggan Wan [Sheep Liver Pill], when treating eye diseases, adds Coptis Rhizome [Huanglian]).

Sheep Gallbladder: Taste bitter, nature cold. It can be applied to eyes suffering from wind-tearing, red obstructions, and white nebulae (In the twelfth lunar month, honey is placed into the gallbladder, covered with paper, and hung under the eaves until frost forms; the frost is then swept off for eye application. Alternatively, honey is added to the gallbladder, steamed, dried, and ground into a paste; a small amount is held in the mouth or applied to the eyes. This is named Erbaiwei Caohua Gao [Two Hundred Herbs and Flowers Ointment], because sheep eat hundred herbs and bees gather hundred flowers. Li Shizhen said: The Liver orifices open to the Eyes; if Gallbladder juice decreases, vision becomes dim. The Eyes are the external manifestation of the Liver and the essence of the Gallbladder; therefore, all animal gallbladders treat eye diseases).

Sheep Tibia: Enters the Kidney channel and tonifies bones. Burned to ash and rubbed on teeth is effective (Li Shizhen said: Sheep tibia ash can polish mirrors, and sheep skull bone can dissolve iron. For those who accidentally swallowed copper coins, take three qian of tibia ash, taken down with rice water).

[To Resolve Poisons of Gold, Silver, Cinnabar, Stone, Arsenic, Sulfur, and All Other Toxins]

Sheep Milk: Taste sweet, nature warm. It tonifies Lung and Kidney deficiency, moistens dryness in the Stomach cavity and Large Intestine. It treats regurgitation, Xiao Ke [Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome], mouth ulcers, and tongue swelling (used for gargling), and spider bites (if threads grow all over the body, drinking it leads to recovery).

For meat and liver, Qingyang [Green/Black Sheep] is best; for gallbladder, Qingjieyang [Castrated Black Sheep] is best; for milk, Baiyang [White Sheep] is best. For bones, Lao yang [Old Sheep] is used. Banxia [Pinellia Tuber] and Changpu [Acorus Rhizome] are antagonistic to sheep. Copper vessels should be avoided (Male sheep are called Zhang or Di; castrated ones are called Jie; young sheep are called Gao; five-month-old lambs are called Da).