气味苦寒，无毒。主治热毒，去三虫。
（梓为木中之王，其花色紫，其荚如箸，长近尺，冬后叶落而荚犹在树。李时珍曰∶梓
木处处有之，有三种，木理
白者为梓，赤者为楸、梓之美纹者为椅，楸之小者为 。）
梓楸同类，梓，从辛，楸，从秋，禀金气也。气味苦寒，禀水气也。禀水气，故主治热
毒。
禀金气，故主杀三虫。阳明篇云∶伤寒瘀热在里，身必发黄，麻黄连翘赤小豆汤主之，内用
梓白皮，义可知矣。
气味苦寒，无毒。主治风水、黄胆，面热黑。
（柳处处有之，有杨有柳，乃一类二种，杨叶圆阔，柳叶细长，杨枝硬而扬起，故曰杨。
柳枝弱而垂流，故曰柳。
柳有蒲柳、杞柳、柽柳之别，喜生水旁，纵横倒顺，插之皆生。春
初生柔荑，即开黄蕊花，是为柳花，至春晚花中结细黑子，蕊落而絮出如白绒，因风飞舞，
着于衣物能生虫蛀，入池沼
即为浮萍。是为柳絮，盖黄蕊未结子时，为花结于蕊落，即为絮矣。古者春取榆柳之火。《开
宝本草》有柽柳一日三起三
眠，又名三眠柳。《尔雅》名河柳，
即今儿医治 疹，所谓西河柳是也，乃寒凉通利，下行小便之药，用者以意会之。）
柳性柔顺，喜生水旁，受寒水之精，感春生之气，故纵横顺逆，插之皆生。得春气，则
能助
肝木以平土，故主治风水，黄胆。得水精，则能清热气而资面颜，故治面热黑。
Zi Bai Pi (Catalpa Bark): The flavor is bitter and cold, non-toxic. It treats heat toxins and eliminates three types of intestinal parasites (San Chong).
The Catalpa tree is the king among trees; its flowers are purple, and its pods resemble chopsticks, nearly one chi in length. After winter, when leaves have fallen, the pods remain on the tree. Li Shizhen stated: "Catalpa wood is found everywhere and has three varieties. Those with white grain are called Zi; those with reddish hue are Qiu; among Zi, those with beautiful grain are Yi; among Qiu, the smaller ones are [character missing]."
Zi and Qiu belong to the same category. The character 'Zi' contains the radical 'Xin', and 'Qiu' contains the radical 'Qiu' (Autumn); both imbibe the Qi of Metal. The flavor is bitter and cold, imbuing the Qi of Water. Because it imbibes the Qi of Water, it treats heat toxins. Because it imbibes the Qi of Metal, it kills the three parasites. In the Yangming Chapter of the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage), it is stated: "In cold damage, stagnant heat resides in the interior, leading to jaundice; this is treated with Mahuang Lianqiao Chi Xiaodou Tang, which internally uses Zi Bai Pi." The rationale is thus clear.
Liu Hua (Willow Flower): The flavor is bitter and cold, non-toxic. It treats Feng Shui (edema accompanied by exterior syndrome), Huang Dan (jaundice), and facial heat with darkening.
Willows are found everywhere. Poplars and willows are of the same class but different species. Poplar leaves are round and broad, while willow leaves are slender. Poplar branches are stiff and upright, hence named Yang (Poplar). Willow branches are weak and drooping, hence named Liu (Willow). Willows include Pu Liu, Qi Liu, and Cheng Liu. They thrive near water and can take root regardless of orientation when inserted into the ground. In early spring, soft catkins emerge, followed by yellow staminate flowers, known as Liu Hua. By late spring, small black seeds form within the flowers. When the stamens fall, fluffy catkins appear like white down, dancing with the wind. If they land on clothing, they may cause insect damage; if they fall into ponds or marshes, they become duckweed (Fu Ping). This is Liu Xu (willow catkin). Generally, before the yellow stamens form seeds, it is called a flower; after the stamens fall, it is called catkin. In ancient times, fire from elm and willow wood was used in spring. The *Kaibao Bencao* records that Cheng Liu stands up and lies down three times a day, also known as San Mian Liu. The *Erya* calls it He Liu, which is the Xi He Liu used by modern physicians to treat measles. It is a cold, cooling, unblocking, and diuretic herb; users should comprehend its nature through reflection.
Willow possesses a gentle and compliant nature, thriving near water, absorbing the essence of cold water, and sensing the vital Qi of spring. Thus, it takes root regardless of orientation. Receiving the Qi of spring, it assists Liver Wood to soothe Spleen Earth, thereby treating Feng Shui and jaundice. Receiving the essence of water, it clears heat qi and nourishes the face, thereby treating facial heat and darkening.