气味咸寒，有小毒。主治胸中邪气热结痛， 辟面肿，能败漆，烧之致鼠。
（蟹，山东、淮阳、江浙、闽广近海诸处及水乡多有之。有螃蟹、郭索、横行、介士、
无肠
、公子诸名。雄者脐长，雌者脐圆，腹中之黄，应月盈亏，其性多躁，引声 沫，至死乃已
霜降前食物，故有毒，霜降后可食。）
今人以蟹为肴馔，未尝以之治病，唯面有漆疮，多用蟹黄敷之。
烧存性，蜜调，涂冻疮及蜂虿伤，酒服治妇人儿枕痛，及血崩，腹痛，消积。（
《本草纲目》附。）
今外科多用蟹壳，捣细筛末，为铁箍败毒散。大抵蟹壳为攻毒散风，消积行瘀之用。学
者以
意会之可也。
气味咸甘寒，无毒。主治小儿惊痫，夜啼，癫病寒热。
（蝉者总名也，其类不一。二三月即先鸣，小而色黑者，名 母，今浙人谓之蛮虫。五
月始
鸣，大而色黑者，马蜩也。《毛诗》∶五月鸣蜩。《月令》∶仲夏之月，蝉始鸣即是。此种
今浙人谓之老蝉，土音讹为老潜，又谓之蚕蝶。《本经》所谓蚱蝉者，正此蝉也。今时药中
所用蝉蜕亦是此蝉之蜕。其头上有花冠者，曰冠蝉，又曰蜩螗。《毛诗》∶如蜩如螗是也。
小而色青绿者，曰茅蜩，又曰茅 ，今浙中谓之蜘 。秋月始鸣，小而色青紫者，曰蟪蛄。
《庄子》∶蟪蛄，不知春秋者是也。未立秋以前喑而不鸣，先谓之哑蝉，又曰喑蝉。入秋而
鸣，时天候渐寒，故又谓之寒蝉，又曰寒蜩，又曰寒 。《月令》∶孟秋之月，寒蝉鸣，即
是此种。其余颜色少异，音声略殊，尚有多名，形皆相似。方首广额，两翼六足，升高而鸣
，鸣不以口而以胁，吸风饮露，溺而不粪，三十日而死，古时用蝉身，今时只用蝉蜕，不复
用身。）
蝉感秋气而生，应月周而去，禀金水之气化也。金能制风，水能清热，故主治小儿惊痫。
昼
鸣夜息，故止小儿夜啼。水火不交，则癫病寒热。蝉禀金水之精，能启下焦之水气，上合心
包，故治癫病寒热。
（蚱蝉生于夏月，寒蝉生于秋时，今概谓蝉感秋气而生，禀金水之气者，恐未是缪。仲
醇曰
∶蚱蝉禀水土之精，风露之气化而成形。其鸣清响，能发音声。其体轻浮，能出疮疹。其味
甘寒，能除风热。其性善蜕，能脱翳障，及女子生子不下。）
Taste: Salty, Cold. Slight toxicity. Indications: Chest pain due to pathogenic heat accumulation and stagnation; reduces facial swelling; can degrade lacquer; when burned, attracts mice.
(Crab is abundant in coastal areas of Shandong, Huaiyang, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, and other water-rich regions. It has various names such as Crab (Pángxiè), Guosuo, Hengxing, Jieshi, Wuchang, and Gongzi. Males have a long abdomen flap, while females have a round one. The yellow roe inside corresponds to the waxing and waning of the moon. Its nature is often restless; it produces foam while calling until death. Before Frost's Descent, it is considered toxic because it feeds on decaying matter; after Frost's Descent, it is edible.)
Currently, people use crab as food but do not employ it for treating diseases, except that crab roe is frequently applied topically to treat lacquer dermatitis on the face.
Charred to retain its properties, mixed with honey, and applied topically for frostbite and wasp stings. Taken with wine to treat postpartum abdominal mass pain (Eryuzhen Tong), metrorrhagia (Xue Beng), abdominal pain, and to resolve accumulations. (Attached from *Bencao Gangmu*.)
In modern surgery, crab shell is commonly used. Ground into fine powder, it forms the basis of Tiegu Baidu San (Iron-Encircling Poison-Resolving Powder). Generally, crab shell is used to attack toxins, disperse wind, resolve accumulations, and promote blood circulation to remove stasis. Scholars may understand its application through reasoning.
Taste: Salty, Sweet, Cold. Non-toxic. Indications: Pediatric convulsions and epilepsy (Jingxian), night crying (Yeti), manic disorder with alternating chills and fever (Dianbing Hanre).
(Cicada is a general term, encompassing various species. Those that begin singing in February or March are small and black, named Ji Mu, known locally in Zhejiang as Manchong. Those starting to sing in May are large and black, called Matiao. *Mao Shi* states: "In the fifth month, cicadas sing." *Yueling* notes: In the second lunar month of summer, cicadas begin to sing, referring to this type, locally called Laochan in Zhejiang, mispronounced as Laoqian, also known as Candie. The Zha Chan mentioned in *Benjing* refers precisely to this cicada. The Cicada Slough (Chantui) used in medicine today is the slough of this cicada. Those with floral crests on their heads are called Guan Chan or Tiotang. *Mao Shi* states: "Like Tiao and Tang." Small and greenish ones are called Maotiao or Maoling, known as Zhiling in central Zhejiang. Those starting to sing in autumn, small and purplish-green, are called Huigu. *Zhuangzi* mentions: "Huigu does not know spring and autumn." Those silent before Start of Autumn are called Yachan or Yinchan. Those singing in autumn, when weather turns cold, are called Hanchan, Hantiao, or Hanling. *Yueling* states: In the first lunar month of autumn, cold cicadas sing, referring to this type. Others vary slightly in color and sound but share similar shapes. They have square heads, broad foreheads, two wings, six legs, climb high to sing, and sing using their flanks rather than mouths. They absorb wind and drink dew, urinate but do not defecate, and die after thirty days. Ancient times used the whole cicada body; nowadays, only the slough is used, not the body.)
The cicada is born sensing autumn air and departs with the lunar cycle, inheriting the Qi transformation of Metal and Water. Metal can control Wind, and Water can clear Heat; thus, it treats pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. Singing by day and resting by night stops pediatric night crying. When Water and Fire fail to interact, manic disorder with chills and fever occurs. The cicada inherits the essence of Metal and Water, can ascend the Water Qi from the Lower Jiao to harmonize with the Pericardium, thus treating manic disorder with chills and fever.
(Zha Chan is born in summer months, while Han Chan is born in autumn. To generally state that all cicadas are born sensing autumn air and inherit Metal-Water Qi might be erroneous. Zhongchun stated: "Zha Chan inherits the essence of Earth and Water, forming shape through the Qi transformation of Wind and Dew. Its cry is clear and resonant, capable of producing sound. Its body is light and floating, capable of expelling carbuncles and rashes. Its taste is sweet and cold, capable of removing Wind-Heat. Its nature favors molting, capable of clearing visual obstructions and assisting women with difficult childbirth.")