（见退骨蒸药）
（见退骨蒸药）
味苦，性寒，入肝经。
凉血清营，散瘀通结，止痛消肿，用于痈疖。
《本草求真》曰∶“赤芍与白芍主治略同，但白则有敛阴益营之力，赤则只有散邪行血
之意
；白则能于土中泻木，赤则能于血中活滞。”
味甘，性寒，无毒。入肺经。
凉金定喘，治吐衄并血瘀。利水通淋，祛黄胆及痈肿。茅针溃痈，茅花止血。
甘寒可除内热，性又入血消瘀，且下达州都，引热下降，故吐血衄血者急需之。
吐血有因于寒，有因于虚者，非所宜也。
味甘，性平。无毒。入肝经。
熟用止血，生用行血。伍五灵脂，治心腹痛。
入东方血海，是其本职。利小便者，兼入州都耳。蒲黄，乃手足厥阴血分药，能凉血散
血，
故血分瘀滞之痛，皆可用之。又舌胀满口，及舌上生疮，均可外用。
无瘀血者勿用。
味苦，性微寒，无毒。入肺经。反乌头。
肺伤吐血建奇功。痈肿排脓称要剂。
性收色白，合乎秋金，入肺经以疗诸热之证，收中有散，又能排脓。
痈疽溃后，不宜与苦寒药同服。
味苦，性寒，无毒。入心胞、肾二经。
行血止血、消瘀通经。风痹咸宜，扑损可治。
茜草忌铁、根可染绛，但无瘀者勿用。
味甘，性温，无毒。入心、肝二经。
崩中吐衄，瘀血停留。
二蓟性味，主疗皆同，但大蓟兼主痈疽也。
二蓟，破血之外，无他长，不能益人。
(See section on herbs for treating bone-steaming fever)
(See section on herbs for treating bone-steaming fever)
Bitter in taste, cold in nature, enters the Liver meridian.
Cools blood and clears Ying-level heat (nutritive level heat), dissipates stasis and unblocks nodules, relieves pain and reduces swelling, used for carbuncles and furuncles (skin suppurative infections).
Bencao Qiuyi states: "The therapeutic effects of Red Peony Root (Chishao) and White Peony Root (Baishao) are slightly similar, but Baishao has the power to astringe Yin and benefit Ying-blood, whereas Chishao only has the intention of dispersing pathogenic factors and promoting blood circulation; Baishao can drain excessive Wood energy from Earth (Spleen), while Chishao can invigorate stagnation within the Blood."
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung meridian.
Clears Metal (Lung) and calms asthma, treats hematemesis, epistaxis, and blood stasis. Promotes urination and unblocks painful urinary dysfunction, dispels jaundice and treats carbuncles and swellings. Maozhen (Mugwort Flower Spike) discharges pus for carbuncles, Maohua (Mugwort Flower) stops bleeding.
Sweet and cold properties can remove internal heat; its nature also enters the Blood to eliminate stasis, and descends to the Zhou Du (Bladder), guiding heat downward, thus it is urgently needed for those with hematemesis and epistaxis.
Hematemesis caused by Cold or Deficiency is not suitable for this herb.
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature. Non-toxic. Enters the Liver meridian.
Cooked form stops bleeding, raw form promotes blood circulation. Combined with Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung), treats heart and abdominal pain.
Entering the East Blood Sea is its primary function. Its ability to promote urination is due to its concurrent entry into the Zhou Du (Bladder). Puhuang (Typha Pollen) is an herb for the Blood aspect of the Hand and Foot Jueyin meridians, capable of cooling blood and dispersing blood stasis, therefore pain due to blood stasis in the blood aspect can all be treated with it. Additionally, tongue swelling filling the mouth, and sores on the tongue, can both be treated externally. Do not use if there is no blood stasis.
Bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Lung meridian. Incompatible with Aconitum carmichaelii (Wutou).
Performs miracles in treating lung injury and hematemesis. An important agent for draining pus from carbuncles and swellings.
Its nature is astringent and color white, corresponding to Autumn Metal, entering the Lung meridian to treat various heat syndromes; within its astringency lies dispersion, and it can also drain pus.
After carbuncles and ulcers have ulcerated, it should not be taken together with bitter-cold herbs.
Bitter in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Pericardium and Kidney meridians.
Promotes blood circulation, stops bleeding, eliminates stasis, and unblocks menstruation. Suitable for wind-bi syndrome, treatable for traumatic injuries.
Qiancao (Rubia cordifolia) should avoid iron; its root can dye crimson, but do not use if there is no blood stasis.
Sweet in taste, warm in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart and Liver meridians.
Metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, hematemesis, epistaxis, and retained blood stasis.
The two Ji herbs (Da Ji and Xiao Ji) have similar flavors, natures, and main treatments, but Da Ji additionally treats carbuncles and ulcers.
Apart from breaking blood stasis, the two Ji herbs have no other strengths and cannot benefit the person.