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[Jiangxiang]
Taste: pungent; Nature: warm; Non-toxic. Those with a red color are of good quality.
It is miraculous in moving stagnant blood, extremely effective in stopping bleeding from traumatic wounds (Jinchuang), and superior to Yujin (Curcuma Aromatica Rhizome) in managing hematemesis due to liver injury. It outperforms Huarui Shi (Orpiment) in treating bleeding from knife wounds.
Among Jiangxiang, those with a bright red color possess the merit of promoting blood circulation and directing qi downward. Those with a purple-black color are unsuitable for use. Additionally, it can ward off evil and expel filth. When burned, it wards off epidemic pathogens (Tianxing Shiqi) and dispels strange phenomena in dwellings.

[Wulingzhi]
Taste: sweet; Nature: warm; Non-toxic. Enters the Liver Meridian. It is incompatible with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). Wash away sand with wine, then sun-dry.
It relieves pain caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis as easily as picking something up with one's hand. It truly acts like an immortal prescription for resolving cold-stagnation blood stasis.
Wulingzhi is the feces of the "Cold-Howling Bird" (Trogopterus dung). Its aroma and taste are both intense, entering exclusively into the Jueyin (Liver) meridian. It governs blood disorders: raw usage promotes blood circulation, while stir-fried usage stops bleeding. For pain syndromes caused by blood stasis, its effect is miraculous upon ingestion.
Its odor is extremely fishy and foul; those with weak spleen and stomach cannot tolerate it.

[Xiangfu]
Taste: bitter; Nature: slightly warm; Non-toxic. Enters the Lung and Liver meridians. Soak in child's urine, sun-dry, and roast.
Raw usage releases the exterior; processed usage transforms qi. It resolves phlegm, opens depression, and alleviates sorrow and doubt. It stops pain in the hypochondrium and distending pain in the abdomen, and treats heat in the chest and stifling-fullness at the epigastrium.
It is commonly used in pregnancy and postpartum care, particularly suitable for gynecology.
It unblocks the twelve meridians and facilitates the Sanjiao (Triple Burner).
Endowed with the warm and dry qi of heaven and earth, it enters the metal and wood palaces of the human body; it is a qi-moving herb within the blood category.
Han Feixia praised Xiangfu as the sovereign herb for qi disorders, commanding other herbs. When used appropriately according to syndrome, it serves as the general manager of qi diseases and the commander-in-chief of gynecology.
Its nature is dry and bitter. Used alone or for a long time, it may consume blood. The aforementioned efficacies are merely treating the branch (symptoms), not the root (cause). To fear its dryness, it is stir-fried with honey water; to prevent its dispersing effect, it is stir-fried with vinegar.

[Muxiang]
Taste: pungent; Nature: warm; Non-toxic. Enters the Lung, Spleen, and Liver meridians. Raw usage regulates qi; roasted usage stops diarrhea.
It pacifies the liver and directs qi downward; depression can be opened and the fetus can be secured. It strengthens the stomach and broadens the middle jiao; food accumulation can be digested and dysentery can be stopped. Why worry about ghostly evils or gu poison? There is no need to fear cold qi heartache.
Its aroma and nature are purely yang, thus it wards off evil and stops pain. Vomiting, diarrhea, and food stagnation are diseases of the Spleen; the Earth element favors warmth and dryness, so efficacy is immediate upon administration. Qi stagnation and rebellious qi are diseases of the Liver; the Wood element favors free flow, so peace is restored upon administration. Since prenatal care requires smoothing qi, it can secure the fetus.
Muxiang is aromatic and dry, leaning towards yang. It should be used with caution in cases of lung deficiency with heat, or blood depletion with dryness.