（见咽喉药）
（见涩大肠）
味甘，性温。 。水飞。
散风热而肿消，祛痰气而翳退。
金银之气所结，为眼科要药。
味辛、酸，无毒。入肝经。
内服∶眼科主风热之疼；外科止金疮之血；内科吐风痰之聚；女科理血气之痛。杀虫有
效，
疳证亦宜。
色青入肝，专主东方之证，然服之损血。
味甘，性平，无毒。入肝、脾、肾三经。其色如酱，其状如虱。九蒸，晒。
养血润肠，燥结焦烦诚易退。补中益气，风淫瘫痪岂难除。坚筋骨，明耳目，轻身不老。
长
肌肤，填脑髓，辟谷延年。
补阴是其本职。又去风者，所谓治风先治血，血行风自灭也。李廷飞云，风病患久服，
步履
端正，语言不謇。神农收为上品。道书载其功能，洵服食之佳品。但令人肠滑，得白术并行
为胜。
胡麻即黑芝麻，除上述者外，又能补肝肾，能润五脏，虚风眩晕，病后虚羸，须发
早白
，产妇乳少，常服之，均有益。
味甘，性微寒，无毒。
熟者利大肠，下胞衣。生者摩疮肿，生秃发。
生者，不宜过食。脾虚作泻者忌之。
北粳凉，南粳温。白粳凉，红粳温。晚稻得金气多，更凉。
得宇宙之冲气，养生人之后天。色白而入肺清热，煮汁则止渴除烦。新米动气，胃强者何碍，
陈廪冲淡，脾虚者宜
餐。
仲景白虎、桃花、竹叶石膏三汤，并用之，以清热补不足也。
(See section on Throat Medicines)
(See section on Astringing the Large Intestine)
Sweet in taste, warm in nature. Processed by levigation (water flying). It disperses wind-heat and reduces swelling, eliminates phlegm-qi and clears corneal opacity. Formed by the condensation of the qi of gold and silver, it is an essential medicine for ophthalmology.
Pungent and sour in taste, non-toxic. Enters the Liver Meridian. Internal use: In ophthalmology, it primarily treats pain caused by wind-heat; in surgery, it stops bleeding from metal wounds; in internal medicine, it expels accumulations of wind-phlegm causing vomiting; in gynecology, it regulates pain due to blood and qi disorders. It is effective against parasites and is also suitable for infantile malnutrition (Gan syndrome). Its green color enters the Liver, specifically treating syndromes of the East (Liver system), but its consumption damages blood.
Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver, Spleen, and Kidney meridians. Its color resembles soy sauce, and its shape resembles lice. Steamed nine times and then sun-dried. It nourishes blood and moistens the intestines, making dryness-induced irritability easily subsided. It tonifies the Middle Jiao and boosts Qi, making paralysis caused by excessive wind pathogens easy to eliminate. It strengthens sinews and bones, brightens eyes and ears, lightens the body, and prevents aging. It promotes skin growth and fills the brain marrow, aiding in grain avoidance (Bigu) and longevity. Nourishing Yin is its primary function. It also dispels wind, which aligns with the principle that "to treat wind, first treat the blood; when blood flows, wind extinguishes itself." Li Tingfei stated that patients with wind diseases who take it long-term walk steadily and speak without slurring. Shennong classified it as a superior grade herb. Daoist texts record its functions, confirming it as an excellent substance for ingestion. However, it causes intestinal lubrication; combining it with Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) yields better results. Hu Ma refers to black sesame seeds. Besides the aforementioned effects, it can tonify the Liver and Kidneys, moisten the five Zang organs, and is beneficial for dizziness due to deficient wind, debility after illness, premature graying of hair and beard, and insufficient lactation in postpartum women.
Sweet in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. Cooked form benefits the Large Intestine and helps expel the placenta. Raw form is used to rub sores and swellings, and promotes hair regrowth. The raw form should not be consumed in excess. It is contraindicated for those with Spleen deficiency leading to diarrhea.
Jing Mi (Rice) from the North is cooling, while that from the South is warming. White Jing Mi is cooling, while red Jing Mi is warming. Late-season rice absorbs more Metal Qi, making it even cooler. It obtains the balanced Qi of the universe, nourishing the acquired foundation of human life. Its white color enters the Lung to clear heat; decocted into juice, it stops thirst and removes irritability. New rice moves Qi, which poses no harm to those with strong Stomachs. Aged grain is mild and bland, suitable for those with Spleen deficiency. Zhang Zhongjing used it in three formulas: Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), Taohua Tang (Peach Blossom Decoction), and Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction), to clear heat and supplement insufficiency.