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Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Liver Meridian (Liver Channel). Prepared with vinegar stir-frying.
It is miraculous in eliminating blood stasis accumulations and transforming hard masses into fluid for dissipation.
In the past, a person suffering from a mass disease died and left instructions to open the abdomen for examination. A pathological mass was found, hard as stone, with five-colored textures. People considered it an alien object and secretly used it as a knife handle. Later, when Sanleng (Sparganii Rhizoma) was chopped with this knife, the handle melted into water. Therefore, it is often used to treat masses.
Jiegou (Zhang Yuansu) stated that Sanleng drains true Qi; it should not be used by those with deficiency. In Dongyuan's (Li Gao) formulas for treating the Five Accumulations (Cold, Qi, Blood, Food, Phlegm), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen) is always added to support the righteous Qi. If one exclusively uses harsh draining drugs, the Spleen and Stomach will become more deficient and unable to transport and transform, so how can the accumulations be removed?

Sweet and salty in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Enters the Heart, Liver, and Spleen Meridians.
It can eliminate both recent and old blood stasis and simultaneously disseminate wind pathogens affecting both the exterior and interior.
Sumu (Lignum Dalbergiae Odoriferae) regulates blood and shares the same efficacy as Honghua (Carthami Flos). Used in small amounts, it harmonizes blood; used in large amounts, it breaks blood stasis. Thus, it can treat traumatic injuries, qi and blood congestion, and pain. Its treatment of wind diseases follows the principle: "To treat wind, first treat the blood; when blood flows, wind naturally extinguishes."

Also known as Xuejie (Dragon's Blood). Sweet and salty in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly toxic. Enters the Heart and Liver Meridians.
When used, it must be ground separately; if pounded together with other herbs, it turns into flying dust. It originates from foreign lands, and genuine products are rare. The best quality grinds through fingernails and does not change color when burned to ash.
Its action moves toward the South (Fire position) and reaches the East (Wood position), making it a principal herb for Yin meridians. It generates new blood and pushes out old blood; truly, it is the sovereign herb for stopping pain.
Ruxiang (Olibanum) and Moyao (Myrrha) govern both Qi and Blood, whereas this herb specializes in the Blood level. It excels at closing wound openings, but its nature is urgent/intense and should not be overused; however, it can guide pus discharge.

Salty and bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. Enters the Liver Meridian. It is incompatible with Duanshi (Calcinatum Ostracis Concha). Prepared by salt stir-frying until charred yellow.
For evil blood accumulations that are closed and firmly consolidated, taking the fried powder mixed with liquid is highly effective. For red and white Dan swelling (erysipelas/redness and swelling) and early-stage carbuncles and toxins, using a bamboo tube for suction has merit.
Salty enters the blood, and bitter overcomes blood; therefore, it is an essential drug for attacking blood stasis.

Salty in flavor, cold in nature, toxic. Incompatible with Zaojia (Gleditsiae Sinensis Fructus Spina), Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), and Wuyou (Pogostemon cablin / or specifically referring to瓦松 Sedum aizoon). It is Ditie Chong (Eupolyphaga Steleophaga).
It removes blood accumulations and searches/clears thoroughly. It primarily treats fractures and injuries, offering excellent effects in repairing and connecting tissues. Decoction for mouthwash causes swollen tongue (wooden tongue) to subside quickly; oral administration causes milk secretion to arrive immediately.
Zhongjing (Zhang Zhongjing) formulated Dahuang Zhechong Wan because of its ability to break down hard accumulations and purge blood stasis. Those with deficiency constitution should use it with caution.