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This is camphor resin, also known as Chaonao.
Pungent in flavor, hot in nature, non-toxic. It unblocks obstructions and promotes the movement of stagnation. It dispels malignant evil qi, calms abdominal pain caused by cholera. It expels wind-induced pruritus from sores and tinea, and reduces swelling and fullness associated with Hong Kong foot (podagra/edema of the feet).
It is most effective in resolving cold-dampness and has the additional function of killing insects and woodworms.
Produced in Chaozhou and Zhangzhou. Its appearance resembles borneol, white as snow. When using one liang, place it between two bowls, seal the rim with wet paper, and heat over alternating mild and strong fire.
After approximately half a shi (approx. 1 hour), remove it. Once cooled and solidified, it becomes what is commonly called "Chaopian" or "Zhangbing". It can be incorporated into eye drops for wind-heat conditions. Many people use fragmented pieces to pass off as genuine product; this must not be overlooked.

Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. It breaks up masses and eliminates flesh accumulation, wards off pestilence and treats malaria. It removes foul odors and descends malignant qi. It expels evil spirits, gu poison, treats wind-pathogen ghost transmission (ghostly afflictions), and transmissive corpse-cold.
Originating from the Western Regions and Kunlun. There are two types: one grows as grass, originating from the Western Regions, resembling Angelica dahurica (Baizhi); its root juice is extracted, boiled into cakes, which is the superior grade. The inferior grade consists of cut roots dried in the sun. The other type grows on trees, originating from Southern Fan (Southern overseas lands), obtained by coagulating its resinous sap. However, its odor is extremely foul, yet it can stop foul odors, making it a remarkable substance. Sometimes, items resembling garlic bulbs are used to counterfeit it. Place half a qian of Asafoetida on a copper vessel overnight; if, by morning, a white silver-like residue appears where the Asafoetida was placed, it is genuine.
When corpse qi enters the abdomen, this is termed Shizhu (transmissive corpse disease). Use three liang of Asafoetida; take two qian each time, wrap in dough to make more than ten wontons, boil until cooked, and eat them. Take three times daily.
(Verified Formula No. 1.)
For unbearable abdominal pain, this is Ezhuxie (malignant transmission). Grind into powder, administer two qian with wine, and the pain will cease immediately. (No. 2.)
For痞块 (masses) and accumulations, use five qian of Asafoetida and five qian of stir-fried black Pheretima (Wulingzhi). Form pills the size of millet grains using Realgar and dog bile. Swallow thirty pills on an empty stomach with saliva.
(No. 3.)

Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It is a herb entering the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. It dispels wind and reduces fever, brightens the eyes, and calms the heart. It treats various types of convulsions and epilepsy in children, and the five types of childhood malnutrition heat (Gan heat). It resolves brain Gan (malnutrition affecting the head) and relieves nasal itching; applied to teeth, it treats damp tinea. It is most potent in killing the three parasites and healing sores.
Originating from Persia. It resembles dark maltose syrup and is a resin. Currently, only Guangzhou receives imports; those that taste bitter like gallbladder bile are genuine.
For childhood spleen Gan (malnutrition), mix with powder of Crataegus glabrata (Shijunzi) and administer with rice water. (Verified Formula No. 1.)